World History
French word for the middle class:
Bourgeoisie
Thinkers during the Age of Reason challenged the established social order by _____.
calling for a just society based on reason
Enlightenment writers often faced censorship because they
challenged the old order
Jefferson and Franklin, as well and many Enlightenment thinkers practiced a sort of Christianity called...
deism
Which of the following was an advantage of the colonists in the American Revolution?
diverse geography
In "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman", Mary Wollstonecraft argued that women and men should have equal
education
What statement best describes Voltaire's novel Candide?
exposes corruption and hypocrisy
Voltaire opposed tyranny and believed strongly in democracy for all.
false
How did the scientific method change science and research in the early 1600s?
It created a step-by-step process used to confirm findings and prove or disprove a hypothesis.
How did the Constitution of the United States reflect the ideas of the Enlightenment thinkers, such as Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau?
It viewed government in terms of a social contract and created an elected government rather than a hereditary monarchy
During the late Middle Ages, peasants had begun to move from rural estates to the towns in search of
freedom prosperity
During the Enlightenment, what argument did government and church officials use to justify their war of censorship?
god set up the old order
Which of the following British laws imposed taxes on such items as newspapers and pamphlets in the American colonies?
Stamp Act
According to Thomas Hobbes, the best form of government is
an absolute monarchy
Elegant compositions by Handel, Haydn, and Mozart reflected a new musical style of the Enlightenment known as
baroque
Grand, ornate style of art and architecture popular during the age of Louis XIV
baroque
An enlightened despot was a ruler who
influenced political and social change
The economic policy known as laissez-faire
is based on the notion that human self- interest produces natural laws that govern economic behavior
The Declaration of Independence clearly reflects the ideas of _____.
john locke
The statement ''No taxation without representation" was partly influenced by the thinking of _____.
john locke
What Enlightenment thinker argued that the purpose of government is to safeguard the natural rights of the people?
john locke
Which enlightened despot traveled among the peasants in disguise to learn about their problems?
joseph II
Physiocrats supported a government policy of
laissez faire
The system of checks and balances in the United States Constitution was influenced by the ideas of which Enlightenment thinker?
montesquieu
The Constitution created a federal republic, which divided power between
national and state governments
What rules discoverable by reason did Enlightenment thinkers try to apply to the study of human behavior and society?
natural law
Britain passed the Navigation Acts to
regulate colonial trade and manufacturing
Which of the following presented the most radical challenge to the traditional ruling regimes of eighteenth-century Europe?
rousseau's notion that a lawful government must be continually responsible to the general will of the people
The style of Enlightenment literature made famous by Voltaire was
satire
Because the American colonies were home to diverse reglious and ethnic groups
social distinctions were more blurred than in Europe
Diderot's Encyclopedia was important because it
spread Enlightenment ideas
Economist Adam Smith argued that, in a free market, business activity would be regulated by the forces of
supply and demand
American resentment of British rule increased after 1763 over _____.
taxation without representation in Parliament
American leaders gathered in Philadelphia in 1787 to revise
the Articles of Confederation
The Battle of Saratoga marked a turning point in the American Revolution because
the american victory convinced france to support the revolution.
Locke argued that the primary aim of government is
to ensure the right to property
Both Rousseau and Voltaire rejected absolute monarchy and Christianity.
true