World History

French word for the middle class:

Bourgeoisie

Thinkers during the Age of Reason challenged the established social order by _____.

calling for a just society based on reason

Enlightenment writers often faced censorship because they

challenged the old order

Jefferson and Franklin, as well and many Enlightenment thinkers practiced a sort of Christianity called...

deism

Which of the following was an advantage of the colonists in the American Revolution?

diverse geography

In "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman", Mary Wollstonecraft argued that women and men should have equal

education

What statement best describes Voltaire's novel Candide?

exposes corruption and hypocrisy

Voltaire opposed tyranny and believed strongly in democracy for all.

false

How did the scientific method change science and research in the early 1600s?

It created a step-by-step process used to confirm findings and prove or disprove a hypothesis.

How did the Constitution of the United States reflect the ideas of the Enlightenment thinkers, such as Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau?

It viewed government in terms of a social contract and created an elected government rather than a hereditary monarchy

During the late Middle Ages, peasants had begun to move from rural estates to the towns in search of

freedom prosperity

During the Enlightenment, what argument did government and church officials use to justify their war of censorship?

god set up the old order

Which of the following British laws imposed taxes on such items as newspapers and pamphlets in the American colonies?

Stamp Act

According to Thomas Hobbes, the best form of government is

an absolute monarchy

Elegant compositions by Handel, Haydn, and Mozart reflected a new musical style of the Enlightenment known as

baroque

Grand, ornate style of art and architecture popular during the age of Louis XIV

baroque

An enlightened despot was a ruler who

influenced political and social change

The economic policy known as laissez-faire

is based on the notion that human self- interest produces natural laws that govern economic behavior

The Declaration of Independence clearly reflects the ideas of _____.

john locke

The statement ''No taxation without representation" was partly influenced by the thinking of _____.

john locke

What Enlightenment thinker argued that the purpose of government is to safeguard the natural rights of the people?

john locke

Which enlightened despot traveled among the peasants in disguise to learn about their problems?

joseph II

Physiocrats supported a government policy of

laissez faire

The system of checks and balances in the United States Constitution was influenced by the ideas of which Enlightenment thinker?

montesquieu

The Constitution created a federal republic, which divided power between

national and state governments

What rules discoverable by reason did Enlightenment thinkers try to apply to the study of human behavior and society?

natural law

Britain passed the Navigation Acts to

regulate colonial trade and manufacturing

Which of the following presented the most radical challenge to the traditional ruling regimes of eighteenth-century Europe?

rousseau's notion that a lawful government must be continually responsible to the general will of the people

The style of Enlightenment literature made famous by Voltaire was

satire

Because the American colonies were home to diverse reglious and ethnic groups

social distinctions were more blurred than in Europe

Diderot's Encyclopedia was important because it

spread Enlightenment ideas

Economist Adam Smith argued that, in a free market, business activity would be regulated by the forces of

supply and demand

American resentment of British rule increased after 1763 over _____.

taxation without representation in Parliament

American leaders gathered in Philadelphia in 1787 to revise

the Articles of Confederation

The Battle of Saratoga marked a turning point in the American Revolution because

the american victory convinced france to support the revolution.

Locke argued that the primary aim of government is

to ensure the right to property

Both Rousseau and Voltaire rejected absolute monarchy and Christianity.

true