World History Pre-Final Quiz

Which of the following statements about segregation is true?

Blacks faced many difficulties in trying to ride public transportation, although they often had no choice but to attempt to ride them

What is true about black service in the Navy as opposed to black service in the Army?

Blacks had a tradition of continuously serving in the Navy in substantial numbers

Some feel that blacks became apathetic and content after receiving the right to vote. What evidence do we have that this statement is not true?

Blacks initiated sit-ins, labor strikes, and other unrest to protest unfair conditions

What were some of the results of racial segregation?

Blacks lived in segregated communities in northern cities

Other than outright racism, why did many white working-class people oppose the Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation?

They feared that the freed slaves would rush into the North, and compete with them for jobs

How did women's suffragists feel about the Fourteenth Amendment?

They felt betrayed and angry, since the Fourteenth Amendment included only men.

Why did many oppose the land bill Thaddeus Stevens introduced in Congress in late 1865?

They felt that property rights of Southerners were more important than granting land to blacks

Colonization occurred in Africa and Haiti. Why did some blacks begin to oppose colonization?

They felt that they were Americans and entitled to all the rights of white people

What did Joseph Cinque and Madison Washington have in common?

They both led successful revolts aboard ships to gain their freedom

What themes did many black authors during the period emphasize?

They emphasized slavery and the contradictions between it and American stated values

How did southerners react to black troops fighting for the Union?

They generally refused to recognize them as prisoners of war, and instead attempted to treat them like escaped slaves

How did the United States government resolve the issue of unequal pay for blacks?

They granted equal pay toward the end of the war and allowed free blacks to receive back pay for service only before January 1, 1864.

What statement is true about the (white) anti-black riots during the 1830s and the 1840s?

They grew in number as the abolitionist movement grew

What types of arguments did the AASS not use to convince people that slavery should be abolished?

They noted that slavery should only be allowed by inferior countries like France

What was Lincoln's initial aim of the Civil War when it began in 1861?

They really had little effect, since the antislavery movement eventually achieved its goal

Why did Frederick Douglass become disillusioned with the AASS?

They seemed to value him more for being a fugitive slave than for his oratory and intelligence

Why did some blacks endorse returning to Africa?

They wanted to bring Christianity to that continent

Which of the following is not true of the Democratic Party during the 1820s and 1830s?

They wanted to greatly expand the size of the United States, an attitude called "Manifest Destiny."

How did the free black family in the North change in the time period between 1820 and 1860?

.More became single-parent households, with women heading them

What was true about the provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1866?

It was intended to make black codes illegal

What was true about blacks and admission to institutions of higher learning?

It was often easier to come by than primary education

What did Abraham Lincoln initially think was the appropriate long-term solution to slavery?

Lincoln wanted to compensate masters for their slaves and then send the slaves out of the United States.

Why did Lincoln decide to postpone his July 1862 decision to emancipate the slaves?

Members of his cabinet told him to wait for a Union victory, when the decision would not look desperate

What did James Montgomery see as his goal with the Second South Carolina Volunteers?

Montgomery wanted to wipe out all evidence of slavery, especially the plantation houses

What is true of the free black population in America from 1820-1860?

More women than men were free.

Which of the following was a black college established shortly after the Civil War?

Morehouse

Where was the largest free black urban population in the period between 1820 and 1860?

Philedelphia

What Protestant denomination is credited with beginning the antislavery movement in the North?

Quaker

Which of the following is not true of Special Field Order #15?

Relative to the freed population of slaves, it affected a very large number of people.

What was the significance of the Election of 1866?

Republicans gained two-thirds majorities in both the House and Senate. They could, therefore, override any presidential veto

How did whites justify racism in the 1830s and 1840s?

Scientists argued that racial differences were permanent, and indicated people's status in the world

What was not a common feature of many sharecropping agreements?

Sharecropping agreements spelled out blacks rights to vote and certain constitutional rights.

What "first" did female abolitionist leader Maria Stewart accomplish?

She was the first American woman to address male audiences in public

Regarding employment, free blacks in the Upper South

faced less competition from immigrants until the 1850s, and therefore could get jobs in industry more easily than blacks in the North

What types of organizations did black women seem attracted to in the antebellum period?

mutual aid organizations, especially those that helped the poor and disadvantaged

How were Deep South free blacks' lives different from other free blacks' lives?

A sophisticated caste system developed in the Deep South, with free blacks often more closely identifying with the white masters than slaves

What was a difference between free blacks in the Upper South and in the North?

Actually, free blacks in the Upper South had a lot in common with free blacks in the North

Why was the Fugitive Slave Law of 1793 considered a danger to free blacks?

Any black northerner, under the terms of this law, could be kidnapped and forced into slavery in the South

What did the Joint Committee on Reconstruction find?

Blacks were being treated very poorly, and Southern whites didn't seem to realize they had lost the war.

Who was/were the main leader(s) of the underground railroad in the early 1840s?

Charles T. Torrey and Thomas Smallwood

How were the black churches important to the abolitionist movement?

Clergy attacked slavery and discrimination

How did Douglass differ from his colleagues who favored black nationalism?

Douglass believed that blacks would eventually blend into American society

Which of the following is true about the Port Royal Experiment?

Ex-slaves began to work the land around Port Royal, South Carolina, and some were able to purchase property

What was not a result of Nat Turner's Rebellion?

Garrison and other abolitionists took the blame for the uprising

Where were many of the members of the Second South Carolina Volunteers from?

Georgia and Florida

How did William Lloyd Garrison change the nature of the antislavery movement?

He called for the immediate abolition of slavery, along with a commitment to racial justice

What was Jefferson Davis's response to Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation?

He declared that all free blacks would be enslaved, and he ordered the Confederate Army to capture and enslave all free blacks in the North.

How did Lincoln react to the actions of Gens. John C. Fremont and David Hunter, who ordered all slaves in their areas freed under the First Confiscation Act?

He immediately countermanded their orders, and told them to stick to the letter of the law.

How was Lincoln changing his opinion of blacks shortly before he was assassinated?

He suggested that perhaps some blacks who were educated or veterans should be able to vote

What beliefs did William Lloyd Garrison hold about slavery?

He thought that gradually abolishing slavery was immoral and impractical

How did Johnson treat the former Confederates?

He treated them with extreme leniency. Even many of the high leaders were granted pardons under Johnson

How did Walker's pamphlet influence the antislavery movement?

His aggressive style and tone in the pamphlet made others adopt a similar tone

Where did Congress attempt to send African Americans during 1863 and 1864?

Ile à Vache (near Haiti)

What did the First Confiscation Act of 1861 do?

It allowed the North to seize only those slaves who were used to benefit the Confederacy

How did Lincoln change the nature of the war with the Emancipation Proclamation?

It became a war to free the slaves. The North gained the moral advantage

What is not true about the effect of the Emancipation Proclamation on the South?

It caused southerners in rebellious areas to free their slaves

How did New York deal with voting requirements for blacks?

It eliminated the property requirement for whites, but continued to have it for black men.

What did the Fourteenth Amendment not do?

It explicitly gave black men the right to vote

What is true about the Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation issued on September 22, 1862?

It freed no one during that year at all

Which of the following is true about the Denmark Vesey Conspiracy in 1822?

It reinforced white beliefs that the free black population was a dangerous influence

What effect did the First Reconstruction Act have on black political power?

It stated that all adult males could vote (with a few exceptions) and was the culmination of what blacks had been working for

What is true of the Second Great Awakening?

It was a revival of religious interest, where ordinary blacks and whites played a large role

Why do we know very little about the underground railroad?

It was a secret organization with no centralized command, and the efforts were separated from each other by region and t

An extraordinary example of a Northern free black between born and raised in New York between 1830-1850 was?

Solomon Northup

How did some former masters react to the emancipation of their slaves?

Some were tremendously hurt and surprised when their slaves chose to run away or leave after freedom

How was the 54th Massachusetts different from the South Carolina regiments?

The 54th was composed mainly of free blacks, rather than slaves

What were the terms of Johnson's reconstruction plan?

The Confederate states had to formally accept the Thirteenth Amendment, and repudiate Confederate war debts

Which of the following statements best represents the Democratic Party's ideas about slavery?

The Democrats sought to make property rights absolute, especially with slaves

What is true about the North's population advantage?

The North had more than double the South's population

What was "the crater" in Petersburg, Virginia?

The largest man-made explosion up to that point, and an unsuccessful effort by the Union to win a battle over the Confederates.

What was a result of Vesey's Conspiracy?

The state legislature passed laws forbidding slaves to read, banning their assembly, and jailing black sailors while their ships were docked

What was different about some of the women's antislavery societies?

They actually allowed blacks a far larger role in their organizations

Which of the following was not a part of the "black codes"?

They allowed blacks the right to serve on juries

What types of laws did Indiana, Michigan, Iowa and Wisconsin pass regarding black citizens in their states?

They banned all blacks from the state in their constitutions.

What do Fisk, Hampton, Tougaloo, and Avery Colleges have in common?

They were black schools established by religious organizations, along with the Freedmen's Bureau, after the Civil War

What happened to Circular 13 and Special Field Order # 15?

They were both revoked. Land that had been given to blacks was returned to white owners

Why did some black abolitionists become increasingly militant during the 1840s?

They were inspired by various slave rebellions and mutinies on ships

Why did the Freedmen's Bureau try to get blacks to sign labor contracts with white landowners?

They were pressing for economic stability in the area, which needed labor to produce crops

What was the problem with the labor contracts for many blacks?

They were rarely done voluntarily, or on an equal basis. Blacks ended up at about the same station as during slavery

How did blacks react to Lincoln's plan to abolish slavery by compensating owners?

They were vehemently against the idea, as it seemed to recognize slaves as property, rather than as human beings

Before the Industrial Revolution could have much of an effect in America, what had to be greatly improved?

Transportation

What was a difference between Gabriel's Rebellion and Denmark Vesey's Rebellion?

Vesey included more elements of religion in his plot

Why was there so much violence in the South after Reconstruction?

White Southerners were frustrated by their loss during the Civil War, and resented blacks acquiring freedom and status

What were the limitations of the early antislavery movement?

White abolitionists did not think that blacks should have equal rights

Why was it difficult for blacks to find jobs in the North after 1820?

White immigration increased, and employers preferred to hire whites.

What role did white southerners think that free blacks played in slave revolts?

White southerners thought that free blacks were an extremely dangerous element, and responsible for inciting slaves to rebellion

What were some of the problems the antislavery movement encountered in its interracial efforts?

Whites refused to allow blacks to have equal status in the organizations, despite their language of equality and justice

What happened during the New York City Draft Riot of 1863?

Working-class Irishmen, angry over suspected black attempts to take jobs, engaged in violence and destruction for four days, lynching blacks and burning black-affiliated businesses

Which of the following was the most important black institution in the antislavery movement?

churches

What was the first concern of many African Americans once they achieved freedom?

reuniting with lost family members

What form of discrimination did all free blacks in urban areas face in the North?

segregation

What event was not one of the considerations that prompted Confederate leaders to entertain the possibility of having black men help them militarily?

several main Confederate leaders were beginning to believe that blacks could be equal to whites socially, and on the battlefield

What types of skilled jobs were black men able to find?

shoemakers or barbers

Which of the following was not true about the black elite?

skin complexion played no role in status in urban areas

What were the goals of the American Anti-Slavery Society?

the immediate end to slavery, with no compensation for owners

What did David Walker's Appeal...to the Colored Citizens of the World advocate?

the use of violence by slaves to secure their freedom from white masters

What were the goals of the American Colonization Society?

to gradually free slaves, through purchasing them and sending them to Africa

How were black volunteers greeted by the United States government in 1861

to preserve the Union, without regard to ending slavery

Why did many blacks meet in conventions in 1865 and 1866 across the South?

to protest the black codes, and respectfully ask that whites live up to the ideals of America

Most white northerners in the period 1820-1860

wanted nothing to do with blacks, and had the same kind of racist ideas as southerners