World Wars Quiz
Alliances Kick In (In Order)
1) Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia 2) Russia sends troops to assist Serbia 3) Germany declares war on Russia and France 4) England enters on side of Russia and France 5) World War One begins
Results of the Schlieffen Plan
1) Belgium fighter slow German advances 2) Britain enters war 3) Britain/France forces stop German advance at Marina River
War on the Eastern Front
1) CPs gain Advantage -Germans and Austria push Russians back 2) Russia's War Efforts Weaken -Not industrialized- lacked necessities of war -Only advantage= large population for army
Rationale for Schlieffen Plan
1) France was the greater threat 2) Russia would be slower to mobilize (lack of Railroads) 3) Avoid two Front Wars 5) Quickly end war and hoping Britain remains neutral
When/Why did Russia leave the War?
1917 -Vladimir Lenin and Bolsheviks stage a Communist Revolt
Rasputin
A man who claimed to be a "peasant healer" and had much potically influence with being close to the tsar. He was suppose to be murdered be aristocrats but no one found the body so it is unclear if he was actually killed.
What is the Paris Peace Conference?
Allies create treaties to deal with defeat of Germany (1919-1920) but the Conference is divided between USA idealism (President Woodrow Wilson's 14 Points) and European revenge
August 6 and 9, 1945 -Hiroshima bombed first -Three day later Nagasaki bombed
Atomic Bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Summer of 1940 WWII Battle -German air force (Lutwaffe) outnumbers British Royal Air Force (RAF) 4 to 1 military planes -British losing until Hitler changes plans to attack cities, Airfields+RAF rebuild Britain wins; remains in the war
Battle of Britain
August 1942- February 1943 -Successful Soviet defense of Stalingrad -Turning point on the eastern front -Soviet gain initiative, German army weakened -Bloodiest of modern day warfare-nearly 2 million died
Battle of Stalingrad
December 1944- January 25,1945 -Failed German attempt to divide/defeat allied line on western front and force a peace treaty -Decisive Allied victory -Led to Germany's final retreat
Battle of the Bulge
1929 WWII Battle -German "lightning war" -Rapid assault backed by tanks, artillery, infrantry, and airmen -Invasion of Poland, then throughtout Europe -France defeated
Blitzkrieg
-Soviet and German agreement to end fighting -German gets Western Russian lands
Brest-Litovsk Treaty
Winston Churchill
British Prime Minister during WWII -Responsible for British resistance against German air assaults
June 6,1944 -Allies storm beaches of Normandy, France {Operation Overlord} -Successfully established a western front -Led by General Eisenhower; largest amphibious attack ever -5,000 ships and 13,000 aircraft were used
D-Day
Armenian Genocide
During WWI in Ottoman Empire, still not recognized by the government today
October-November 1942 -Allied victory and major turning point in the German North African Campaign -Erwin Rommel (desert fox) is defeated and will move up to Normandy
El Amamein
Who/What created the Schlieffen Plan?
Emperor Wilhem leads Germany into the war Schlieffen Plan-Germany war plane to attack France first then Russia
Hirohito
Emperor of Japan
What did the Treaty of Versailles deal with?
Germany war crimes
Battles of Verdun and Somme
High looses for little gain from February-June 1916
-Jews, Gypsies, Handicapped, Slavic people, political or behavioral grounds -6 million Jews were killed 200,000 mentally or physically disables were killed -Mass murder operations -Many surviors didn't go back to their home but instead went to the USA -Advanced ways to murder -Ended once Allies liberated the camps -Government involvement -Concentration camps
Holocaust
Hideki Tojo
Japanese general *Real power in Japan*
Kaiser Wilhelm II
Leader of Germany at the time of WWI
What is a Stalemate?
Little to no gain on either side= deadlock and conflict grinds to a halt
June 1942 -Most Important naval battle of the Pacific Campaign -Failed Japanese attempt to finish off USA in the Pacific -Japanese fleet destroyed
Midway
Adolf Hitler
Nazi dictator of Germany
December 7, 1941 -Surprise attack by Japanese planes on Pacific Fleet in Hawaii -4 USA Battleships sunk Results: 2,402 Americans killed USA declares war on Japan
Pearl Harbor
WWI Proganda
Persuade the public thought and/or action
Battle of Marne "Taxi Cab Battle"
September 1914 -Protect Paris; stop Schlieffen Plan -German fail to advance, both sides dig in -Russia attacks in east= 2 front war for Germany
What were the results after the Japanese surrendered?
September 2, 1945 -Hostilities of WWII -USA/Allied occupation of Japan begin and won't end until 1951
Joseph Stalin
Soviet dictator
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Supreme Commander of Allied forces in Europe during WWII. Planned and Commanded D-Day invasion -Allied Commander in Europe
What was the Final German Push of WWI?
The Germans attempted to break Allied lines but failed; and the Allies counterattack defeats Germans ALLIES WIN!
What event sparked the first World War?
The assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June 28, 1914 Assassin=Serbian nationalist Gaurilo Princep (member of the Black Hand society) who was protesting Austrain control of Boshian Serbs
Genocide
The systematic and purposeful destruction of a racial, political, religious or cultural group
League of Nations
Their goal is to avoid futures wars -NOT military league -USA does NOT join -Proves ineffective (as seen in WWII)
What was the Gallipon Campaign against the Ottomans?
Took place from 1915-1916 Failed British and France attempt to take Istanbul -Heavy Allied losses -1st major Allied use of Austrialia and New Zealand Troops-ANZAC -Strengthened Turkist nationalist movement
George C. Marshall
US general
Woodrow Wilson
USA Military leader in WWI and eventually becomes president
Erwin Rommel "Dessert Fox"
-One of Germany's most respected military leaders of WWII -Successfully commanded North African campaign until El Alamein -Commanded D-Day Defenses
Italy during the Interwar Period- Benito Mussolini
-Rise of fascism -Ambition to restore the glory of Rome -Invasion of Ethiopia
Harry Truman
-US President after death of Roosevelt -President from 1945-1952 -Authorized use of atomic bomb against Japanese -Truman Doctrine: Support any country resisting communist aggression -Developed policy of "Containment" against Russia/Communism
Franklin D. Roosevelt
-US President during most of WWII -Worked with Churchill and Stalin leading Allies against Germany and Japan
What occurred in the Last Year of the War (1918)?
-USA enters the war -Allies get Americans across the Atlantic and into the fight vs... -Germans (CPs) whom transfers eastern troops to west to end war first
What happened to Germany after WWI as result of the Treaty of Versailles?
-War Guilt Clause- War was Germany fault -Loss of territory and colonies -Reduce army and navy -Demilitarize the Rhineland (Germany military land) -War payment- 32 BILLION
Why did Vladimir Lenin and Bolsheviks stage the Communist Revolt?
-1905 defeat in war with Japan -Landless peasantry -Incompetence of Tsar Nicholas II -Military defeats and high casualities
Trench Warfare
-500 miles of trench -Gains are yards, not miles -Miserable conditions -New technology= more death; machine guns, gas, tanks
Kamikaze
-Aerial Japanese suicide bomber. Goal: destroy USA warships
Economic and Political causes of WWII
-Aggression by the totalitarian powers of Germany, Italy, Japan -Nationalism -Failures of the Treaty of Versailles -Weakness of the League of Nations -Appeasement -Tendencies towards isolationism and pacifism in Europe and the USA
Douglas MacArthur
-Allied commander in Pacific Theatre during WWII -Defeated Japanese in South Pacific/Philippines -Accepted Japanese surrender -US General
Why did Germany surrender and what was a major result?
-Allies close on Germany from 2 sides -Hitler commits suicide -War ends in Europe
What are the results of the Paris Peace Conference?
-Austria-Hungary= 2 states -New nations formed -Ottoman Empire in Middle East is dismantled into Mandates {Control of territories transferred from Ottoman Empire to Britain and France}
What were the reason of the Atomic Bombings?
-Avoid high casualties of invasion -Demonstrate atomic strength to other nations
Total War
-Collection drives -Use of colonial troops -Conscription (draft) into the military -Women working in the factories -War economy adopted {Resources and production direct toward military needs not luxury} -Food Rationing
What were the Global Effects of WWI?
-Colonies participation= demands for independence -Ended Russian, Austrian and Ottoman Empire -Enormous costs of the war in: Lives, Property and Social Disruption
How did Imperialism a cause of WWI?
-Competition over acquiring colonies -Scramble for Africa -Creating Spheres of influence in China
How had Nationalism become a cause of WWI?
-Country's own interest above cooperation -Nation-states develop
What were the results of Russia leaving WWI?
-Ends Romanov dynasty -Formed the Union of Soviet Socialist Republic -Ends the "Tsar's War"
USSR during the Interwar Period- Joseph Stalin
-Entrenchment of communism -Policies: Five-year plans, collectivization of farms, state industrialization, secret police -Great Purge- Killing of many people (Reign of Terror)
How did system of alliances a cause of WWI?
-Europe divided into 2 armed alliances -Britain, France, Russia -Germany, Austria, Ottomans -Created a domino effect
Causes of worldwide depression
-German reparations -Expansion of production capacities and dominance of the USA in the global economy -High protective tariffs -Excessive expansion of credit -Stock Market Crash of 1929
Give three examples of how Nationalism effected WWI?
-Germany matching Britain Industrialization output -Southeast Europe (Balkans)= 3 competing empires -Ethnic groups desire independence (Serbians)
Impact of worldwide depression
-High unemployment industrial countries -Bank failures and collapse of credit -Collapse of prices in world trade -Nazi party's growing importance in Germany- they blame European Jews for economic collapse
Germany during the Interwar Period- Adolf Hitler
-Inflation and depression -Democratic government weakened -Anti-Semitism -Extreme nationalism -National Socialism (Nazism) -German occupation of nearby countries -Fascism
How was militarism a cause of WWI?
-Massive build-ups of armies -Obsession with security/product of nationalism -Arms race between Britain and Germany=Key Factor
Name the 4 main causes of WWI
-Militarism -Alliances -Imperialism -Nationalism
Japan during the Interwar Period- Hirohito and Hideki Tojo
-Militarism -Industrialization of Japan, leading to drive for raw materials -Invasion of Korea, Manchuria, and rest of China
