WSET Level 1 - Module 1. What is wine and how is it made?
White
In cool climates, are black or white varieties often grown?
The skin
In red grapes, where does the color and tannin come from?
Yes, but skins need to be removed.
Can black grapes be used to make white wine?
Bitter
Does the skin of the grapes taste sweeter or more bitter compared to the pulp?
False
Germany is generally considered to be a warmer climate than california? True or False?
Further but not too far north or south.
High quality grapes grow closer or further from the equator?
colder - lower sugar, higher acididy. Warmer - higher sugar and lower acidity. Warmer makes grapes taste riper.
How do cold and warm climates effect sugar and acid in grapes?
Dry
How do tannins make your mouth feel?
In most cases, it lasts until the yeast have eaten all the sugar. The alcohol stays in the wine and the carbon dioxide escapes into the atmosphere. For Fortified or sweet wines, the alcohol kills the yeast before it eats all the sugar.
How long does the fermentation process last?
1 grape. Each flower becomes a grape.
How many grapes are created from each flower?
Alcohol and Carbon Dioxide
In the fermentation process, what does yeast convert the sugar to?
Alcohol and Carbon Dioxide
In the fermentation process, what does yeast covert the sugar to?
Usually in stainless steel tanks or oak barrels.
In what vessel does fermentation and maturation take place?
1. Flowering 2. Flowers become grapes 3. Grapes ripen
What are the 3 grape growing stages?
Soft and fleshy, clear(regardless of skin), contains the grape juice.
What are the characteristics of Pulp?
Black grapes -deeply colored skinsk, contain tannin. White Grapes - don't provide color, no tannin.
What are the key differences between white and black grapes?
1. Crushing 2. Fermentation 3. Pressing 4. Maturation 5. bottling.
What are the steps to make Red wine?
1. Crushing 2. Fermentation 3. Draining/final fermentation (without skins) 4. Brief maturation 5. bottling.
What are the steps to make Rose wine?
1. Crushing 2. Pressing 3. Fermentation 4. Maturation 5. Bottling.
What are the steps to make white wine?
White Grapes and Black Grapes.
What are the two principal types of grapes?
Heat and Sunlight
What conditions do grape vines need to produce good quality fruit?
Releases remaining juice by separating the juice from the skins.
What does Pressing do?
Releases some of the grape juice.
What does crushing do?
sugar levels rise and acidity levels fall.
What happens to sugar and acidity when grapes ripen?
The grapes swell with water, sugar levels rise, acid levels fall, white grapes turn from green to golden, red grapes change from green to purple.
What happens when grapes ripen?
Yeast.
What ingredient is required for alcholic fermentation to take place?
The process of turning sugar into alcohol.
What is fermentation?
Water, Sugar, and acid?
What is grape juice made up of
Cool climates - white grapes, warm climates - red/black grapes
What kind of grapes grow best in cool and in warm climates?
The pulp
Where are most of the sugars in a grape stored?
Latitudes where winter is cold enough for them to rest, and provide the correct amount of sunlight, heat, and water.
Where do wine grape vines grow best?
Rose
Which style of wine is made using this order of winemaking proceses? Crushing, Fermentation, Draining after a few hours, maturation, bottling.
Red
Which style of wine is made using this order of winemaking processes? Crushing, Fermentation, Pressing, maturation, bottling.
White
Which style of wine is made using this order of winemaking processes? Crushing, Pressing, Fermentation, maturation, bottling.
Cooler
Which type of climate produces grapes that are high in acidity and low in sugar?
Warmer
Which type of climate produces grapes that are high in sugar and low in acidity?