10.2

When did they receive the Nobel Prize in Medicine

1962

Why is complementary base pairing important in DNA structure

Base sequence is crucial to allow hydrogen bonds to form an act as a template for transcription and translation and cell replication

According to the base pairing rules, guanine binds with

Cytosine

Purine

Double ring of carbon and nitrogen

What are the two primary functions of DNA

1.) store and use info to direct cell activities 2.) copy itself exactly for new cells a.) takes place in cell cycle, during interphase, replication of DNA (duplication)

What two bases bind together? What holds then together?

A double ring base binds to a single ring base with a hydrogen bond (weak)

What are the three parts of the DNA nucleotide and how are they connected to each other

A phosphate group along with a pentose sugar is bound by a covalent bond while hydrogen bonds allow based to form double helix

Nitrogenous base

Are they set includes nitrogen carbon atoms

What do nucleotides contain

1.)Pentose sugar=deoxyribose 2.)Phosphate group=phosphorous atom and 4 oxygen atoms 3.)Nitrogenous base=nitrogen atoms and carbon atoms

If 15% of the nucleotides in a DNA molecule containing guanine,what percentage of the nucleotides contain each of the other three bases based, explain

15% of cytosine and 35% of adenine and 35% of thymine. We can confirm this base in our knowledge of complementary base pairs

The percentage of adenine in DNA is

Equal to the percentage of thymine

Who discovered complementary base pairing

Erwin Chargaff in 1949

Conplementary base pair

Double ring base pair binds to a single ring base pair

The two strands of a DNA molecule are held together by

Hydrogen bonds

The primary function of DNA in cells is to

Store information that tells the cells which proteins to make

How did x-ray diffraction photographs help Watson and Crickdetermine the structure of DNA

The x-ray resembled of what a double helix might look like

DNA structure

•double helix •sides of the ladder: sugar & phosphate •rungs of the ladder: nitrogen bases

Who from King's College in London helped with their X-Ray diffraction picture

Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins

Pyrimindine

Single ring of carbon and nitrogen

Who is accredited with the discovery of DNA

James Watson (American biologist) and Francis Crick (Great Britain) in 1953

What are the monomers of DNA

Nucleotides

What are the 2 main groups of the nitrogenous bases

Purines= double ring of carbon and nitrogen Pyrimidines= single ring of carbon and nitrogen