2.0 Infrastructure COMPTIA ITF+

RJ-45

(Ethernet Connector) a port that looks like a large phone jack and is used by twisted-pair cable to connect to a wired network adapter or other hardware device. RJ stands for registered jack.

FireWire

(IEEE 1394) Interconnection standard to send wide-band signals over a serialized, physically thin connector system. Serial bus developed by Apple and Texas Instruments; enables connection of 64 devices at speeds up to 800 Mbps

IoT

(Internet of things) refers to the ever-growing network of physical objects that feature an IP address for internet connectivity, and the communication that occurs between these objects and other Internet-enabled devices and systems such as 1. HOME APPLIANCES 2. HOME AUTOMATION DEVICES 3. THERMOSTATS 4. SECURITY SYSTEM 5. MODERNS CARS 6. IP CAMERAS 7. STREAMING MEDIA DEVICES 8. AND MEDICAL DEVICES.

RJ-11

(Telephone Connector) A connector that contains two to four wires and usually attaches phone cables to modems and to wall-mounted phone jacks. (3)

Change Default Password

1. Enter your router's IP address into your favorite web browser. 2. Log in with the default username and password (both admin, usually). 3. Go to settings. 4. Select Change Router Password or a similar option. 5. Enter the new password. 6. Save the new settings.

Change SSID from default

1. Find your router's IP address. 2. Log in to your router's administrative console. 3. Change the SSID and password. 4. Update the connection for all devices. Note: The process of changing your SSID is generally the same across major routers, though the exact names of settings and menus may vary depending on the model you're using.

WAN vs LAN

A LAN (local area network) is a group of computers and network devices connected together, usually within the same building. A WAN (wide area network) connects several LANs, and may be limited to an enterprise (a corporation or an organization) or accessible to the public

Mini DisplayPort

A smaller version of DisplayPort that is used on laptops or other mobile devices.

gaming console

A video game console is a specialized computer system designed for interactive video gameplay and display. A video game console functions like a PC and is built with the same essential components, including a central processing unit (CPU), graphics processing unit (GPU) and random access memory (RAM).

Workstation

Also known as client computers, A workstation is a special computer designed for technical or scientific applications. Intended primarily to be used by one person at a time, they are commonly connected to a local area network (LAN) and run multi-user operating systems such as word processing, database design, graphic design, email and other office or personal tasks.

URL to IP Translation

DNS has one function on the network, and that is to resolve hostmanes (URLS) to IP addresses. At Catchpoint, we believe that fast DNS (Domain Name System) is just as important as fast content. DNS is what translates your familiar domain name (www.google.com) into an IP address your browser can use (173.194. 33.174)

Modem

Device that converts a digital bit stream into an analog signal (modulation) and convert incoming analog signals back into digital signals (demodulation). An analog communication channel is typically a telephone line, and analog signals are typically sounds.

DisplayPort

Digital video connector used by Apple Mac desktop models and some PCs, notably from Dell. Designed by VESA as a royalty-free connector to replace VGA and DVI.

ARM (Advanced RISC Machine)

Energy efficient processor design frequently used in mobile devices.

HTTP/S

Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS) is the secure version of HTTP, the protocol over which data is sent between your browser and the website that you are connected to. The 'S' at the end of HTTPS stands for 'Secure'. It means all communications between your browser and the website are encrypted.

IMAP

IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) is a standard email protocol that stores email messages on a mail server, but allows the end user to view and manipulate the messages as though they were stored locally on the end user's computing device(s)

802.11b

Is the OLDEST and SLOWEST.Wireless networking standard that operates in the 2.4-GHz band with a theoretical maximum throughput of 11 Mbps.

Motherboard

Is the most important component in the computer because it connects all other components. It is one of the most essential parts of a computer system. It holds together many of the crucial components of a computer, including the central processing unit (CPU), memory and connectors for input and output devices.

laptop computer

Laptops are fully functional computers that are designed for portability and convenience. When compared to a desktop tower computer, laptops are smaller, weigh less, have fewer components and consume less power. Despite this, laptops can often match the performance and price of comparable desktops.

802.11a

Mainly used in business applications. Wireless networking standard that operates in the 5-GHz band with a theoretical maximum throughput of 54 Mbps.

NFC (Near Field Communication)

Mobile technology that enables short-range wireless communication between mobile devices. Now used for mobile payment technology such as Apple Pay and Google Wallet

802.11ac

NEWEST. Wireless networking standard that operates in the 5-GHz band and uses multiple in/multiple out (MIMO) and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) to achieve a theoretical maximum throughput of 1 Gbps.

Basics of Packet Transmission

Packets are the basic units of communication over a TCP/IP network. Devices on a TCP/IP network divide data into small pieces, allowing the network to accommodate various bandwidths, to allow for multiple routes to a destination, and to retransmit the pieces of data which are interrupted or lost.

DVI (Digital Visual Interface)

Special video connector designed for digitalto- digital connections; most commonly seen on PC video cards and LCD monitors. Some versions also support analog signals with a special adapter.

GPU (graphics processing unit)

Specialized processor that helps the CPU by taking over all of the 3-D rendering duties. Its a computer chip that performs rapid mathematical calculations, primarily for the purpose of rendering images.

DNS (Domain Name System)

TCP/IP name resolution system that translates a host name into an IP address. Domain Name Servers (DNS) are the Internet's equivalent of a phone book. They maintain a directory of domain names and translate them to Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. This is necessary because, although domain names are easy for people to remember, computers or machines, access websites based on IP addresses.

Tablet and Smartphone

Tablets are larger and can serve as a laptop replacement. Smartphones are smaller and more portable.

SMTP

The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is a communication protocol for electronic mail transmission.

Server

The function of a computer server is to store, retrieve and send computer files and data to other computers on a network. Said differently they serve resources up to network users-hence their name.

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

The key component of a computer system, which contains the circuitry necessary to interpret and execute program instructions

USB

Universal Serial Bus. A type of connection used to attach devices such as flash drives, scanners, cameras, and printers to a computer.

Bluetooth

Wireless PAN technology that transmits signals over short distances between cell phones, computers, and other devices

802.11n

Wireless networking standard that can operate in both the 2.4-GHz and 5-GHz bands and uses multiple in/multiple out (MIMO) to achieve a theoretical maximum throughput of 100+ Mbps.

802.11g

Wireless networking standard that operates in the 2.4-GHz band with a theoretical maximum throughput of 54 Mbps and is backward compatible with 802.11b.

WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy)

Wireless security protocol that uses a standard 40-bit encryption to scramble data packets. Does not provide complete end-to-end encryption and is vulnerable to attack.

Firewall

a part of a computer system or network that is designed to block unauthorized access while permitting outward communication.

SSD (solid state drive)

a storage device containing nonvolatile flash memory, are faster, lighter, more durable, and use less energy.

IP Address (Internet Protocol Address)

a unique string of numbers separated by periods that identifies each computer using the Internet Protocol to communicate over a network.

VGA (Video Graphics Array)

an older analog video connector; it has 15 pins laid out in three rows of five

Thunderbolt port

an open standards connector interface that is primarily used to connect peripherals to devices, including mobile devices, if they have a corresponding port

Hard Drive (HDD or Hard Disk Drive)

are cheaper and you can get more storage space. Data-recording system using solid disks of magnetic material turning at high speeds to store and retrieve programs and data in a computer. It is abbreviated as HDD when used for hard disk drive.

NIC (Network Interface Card)

controls the wired and wireless connections of a computer to exchange information with other computers and the Internet. It is an expansion card or interface that enables a PC to connect to a network via network cable. A wireless NIC uses radio waves rather than a physical cable

Router

device connecting separate networks; forwards a packet from one network to another based on the network address for the protocol being used. For example, an IP router only looks at the IP network number. Routers operate at lay 3 (network) of the OSI seven layer model

switch

device that filters and forwards traffic based on some criteria . A bridge and a router are both examples of switches. In the command like interface. a switch is a function that modifies the behavior of a command.

POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3)

is a standard mail protocol used to receive emails from a remote server to a local email client. POP3 allows you to download email messages on your local computer and read them even when you are offline

Access Point

is any point that allows a user on to a network. Commonly used in reference to a wireless access point, which lets users connect to your network via an 802.11 technology.

MAC address (Media Access Control)

it is not related Apple Macintosh computers. A MAC address is a hardware identification number that uniquely identifies each device on a network.

Firmware/BIOS (basic input output system)

purpose of BIOS enables computers to perform certain operations as soon as they are turned on. The principal job of a computer's BIOS is to govern the early stages of the startup process, ensuring that the operating system is correctly loaded into memory

RAM (Random Access Memory)

purpose of RAM is to provide quick read and write access to a storage device. Your computer uses RAM to load data because it's much quicker than running that same data directly off of a hard drive. Computers main memory

Rf

radio frequency signal that is a combination of both audio and video

HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface)

single multimedia connection that includes both high-definition video and audio. One of the best connections for outputting to television. It also contains copy protection features

WPA (WIFI protected access)

wireless security protocol that uses encryption key integrity-checking/TKIP and EAP and is designed to improve on WEP's weaknesses. This has been supplanted by WPA2

WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access 2)

wireless security protocol, also known as IEEE 801.11i. This uses the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and replaces WPA