21 and 22 questions
which feature could be found in a vein but NOT an artery
a one way valve
Shortages of iron in our diet can cause animea, its characterise by
a reduction in the bloods capacity to transport oxygen
the structures that carry signals away from the cell body of a neuron are called
axons
You are mad because driving, your ____ helped you remain calm
limbic system
Thing happens during inhalation
oxygen rich blood enters the alveoli
in systic fibrosis, parts of the respirtory tract can be clogged with mucus, where are gasses exchagned directly
Alveoli
the pulmonary___ carries____ blood from the heart to the lungs
Artery -- oxygen-poor
The figure shown indicates an LIl baby pahtway
Axon
A newborn is diagnosed shortly after birth with a rare heart defect that prevented the valve between left atrium and ventricul from forming, what is the outcome
Body cells would recive less oxygen rich blood than normal
The blood vessels that allow diffusion between blood and nearby body cells are
Capillaries
the ___ of a neuron contains all the structures, such as a nucleus, that are comon to animal cells
Cell body
the Thamas is part of the ___ nervous system
Central
Which part of you helps you decide this answer
Cerebral cortex
Antiduretic is produced by the pituitary gland ADH travels from the pituitary gland to the kidneys through the
Circulatory system
The branced structures on a nerve cell that revice info are called
Dendrites
Why do humans rely on circulitory to circulate oxygen
Diffusion is very slow over all but the shortest distances so oxygen must be deliveded to our cells to speed up the process
THe liquid portion of human blood cannot absorb enough oxygen to meet hte bodys demands however ___ in our red blood cells greatly increase the oxygen carrying capacity of human blood
Hemaglobin
Gasses move from an area of ____ to ___
High to low
accuratly describes homrone signlaling
Hormones act on specific target cells
Describe how hormones can effect a cell as illustrated by differnt figures
Hormones are effective in low concentrations
Acuratly describes hormone SIGNALING
Hormones may signal cells that are located far away from them
When the ____ of the heart contracts, blood is pumped into the Systemic circuit
Left ventricle
the sensory repecots that brovide info about body position and balance are
Mechanorreceptors,
Where on a target cell would you expect to find a receptor for seratonin
On the outside of the plasma membrain
another name for Pacemaker is
Sinoatrial SA node
the external signals and information that are recived by an organism are called
Stimuli
which statement about the periprerial nervous system is NOT true
THis is NOT true: the PNS may intergrate and process information
Which of the following organs coordinates communication between endocrin and nervouse
The HYpothalamus
which component of the whole blood would an investigator examine to determine the concentration of dissolved carbon dioxide or hormones such as testosterone
The plasma
Sensory neurons that contain specialized membrane channels activated by moderate tempetures are
Thermoreceptors
True about hormones
They may regulate certain developmental periods of life
which of the following fuctions occurs in the Urinary bladder BUT NOT IN nephrons
Urine storage
blood vessels that are designed to carry blood under high pressure are called ___ blood vessels are thin, porus walls are called ____
artereise, Capilaries
The force of blood pushing against the walls of blood vessels is called
blood pressure
For a human to inhale, the rib muscles and the diapram must
contract, decreasing the pressure in the lungs
which of the following sequences correctly describes the pathway that a signal travels in a neuron
dendrite to cell body axon
which of the folowing processis is NOT a function of nephrons
diffusion of oxygen into body cells
which statement about Hemaglobin is true?
hemaglobin binds to oxygen and releases it near cells that are performing cellular respiration
Once a hormone enters the bloodstream it,
is broken down afterit has perfromed its function on the target cells
the concentraion of oxygen in blood plasma near an Alveolu is lowered when
odygen diffuses into red blood cells that binds to hemoglobin
Which of the follwoing sequences correctly describes the journey of a molecule of oxygen from the pharnx an olveolus
pharynx to TRACH to BRON to BROchlie to av
Receptors in the eye that provide vision are
photoreceptors
Valuable solutes, like sugar and small protiens that enter a nephron are ___ by capilaries
reaborbed
at high altitudes gases are less concentrated, You might gasp for air becasue
the amount of oxygen that could diffuse into your blood will be decreased
People with sickle cell disease have deformed hemolobin, and often have muslce pains this happens because the hemoglob is
un able to carry the amount of oxygen required for normal muscle activities
which of the following is a characteristic of an organ used for gas exchange
very thin tissues
which of the following statements accuratly describes the movement of water and waste within a nephron
water and waste both filter through the glomerulus, water is later reobsorbed from capillaries
When eating desert, you notice the sweetness of sugar when ___ are stimulated
Chemoreceptors
If you were to compare the filtrate that is leaving the Glomerulus to URine that is exiting the body, you would find that some substances such as hydrogen ions and toxis are more concentrated in the Urine, which of the following explains this
Hydrogen Ions and Toxins are secreted from capillaries
Blood flows rapidly within the arterial system but slows dramatically as it enters the capillaries what is the benefit of having blood move slowly through the capillaries
It ensures that the blood has enough time to exchange materials with the surrounding cells
Blood leaving the right ventricle of the heart travels next to the
Lungs
Which of the follwoing sensory receptor types is not found in humans
Magnetroeceptors, We dont sense magnets
the majority of carbon dioxide is carried in the blood component called
Plasma
hand on a hot stove, info relayed to brain by the what?
Thalamus
One side of the heart pumps blood into the pulmonary circuit and the other side pumps blood to the systemic circuit how do these different functions affect the structure of the heart?
The left side of the heart has a thicker muscular wall than the right side
Which of the following does NOT facilitate exchange of materials by diffusion
The precence of the extracellular matrix within connective tissue
large blood vessels that return deoxygenated blood from the legs to the heart are
Viens
air that enters the lungs has
a higher concentration of oxygen and a lower concentration of carbon dioxide than air in an alveolus
the thing shown, lil thingy lil egg yoke
cell body
if the flomerulus remained intact but OTHer capilaris were not close physical contact with nephrons wich of the following functions would NOT be lost
filtration of plasma
a single hormone molecule can have dramatic effects on a target cell because
it initiates of a chain of event that amplify the effect
which of the following statements best explains how one hormone can regulate several different development events
one hormone can affect different types of target tissues in different ways
which of the following structures has the smallest diameter
the brocholi
when blood arrives at an alveolus
the carbon diox is HIGHER in the BLOOD than the alv
By what mechanisms do most hormones travel through the organism that produces them
the circulatory system
the steroid hormones testosterone, estadiol and progesterone enter cells that bind intracellular receptors to regulate gene expression, based on this information, which of th following statements about steroid hormones must be correct
they are mainly nonpolar and hydrophobic
the breaking open of Alveoli in peole who have emphysema decrease thier rate of gas exchange because
thier lungs have less surface area for diffusion
if you were to step on a nail what woutl NOT happen
this would not happen: Moto output in your leg would be interupted by your brain as senory imput