2.1 Compare and contrast TCP and UDP ports, protocols, and their purposes.
The default port number using SSL/TLS security to protest Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) email communications between the client and server is
587 (SMTPS)
The default port number using SSL/TLS security to protect Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) email communications between the client and server is
993 (IMAPS)
The default port number using SSL/TLS security to protect POP3 email communications between the client and server is
995 (POP3S)
What protocol and port(s) perform a file sharing function on Apple networks running macOS (Macintosh Operating System)?
AFP (Apple Filing Protocol) over TCP or UDP port 427 and TCP port 548
A protocol used to map IP network addresses to the hardware addresses used by a data link protocol operating below the network layer
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
It establishes a Wi-Fi Direct connection between devices for file transfers. It is an ad-hoc service in Apple iOS and macOS operating systems.
AirDrop
Applications use this protocol to share files, printers, and network resources on Apple networks over TCP or UDP port 427 and TCP port 548 like SMB/CIFS on a Windows network.
Apple Filing Protocol (AFP)
Telnet is sometimes still used for troubleshooting services such as SMTP or HTTP. Another application of Telnet is for
Configuration of routers or switches
This protocol dynamically assigns IP address information to a device connecting to the network
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
Which protocol is used to automatically provide Internet Protocol (IP) addresses to network computers?
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
A new device is connected to the network. The device automatically receives an Internet Protocol (IP) address. What protocol, transport(s), and port number(s) was responsible for supplying this device its address?
DHCP over UDP on port 67 and 68
___ uses either TCP or UDP port 53. It is the most critical service on most networks allowing users to access resources using host names by resolving those names to IP addresses.
DNS
What service uses port 53?
DNS (Domain Name System)
Resolves the device's name listed on the server to the IP address provided by DHCP
DNS over TCP or UDP on port 53
Resolves domain names to corresponding IP addresses.
DNS over TCP or UDP port 53
A critical service that resolves host names to IP addresses allocated by DHCP.
Domain Name System (DNS)
What is the critical service on most networks that uses Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) or User Datagram Protocol (UDP) for its transport on port 53?
Domain Name System (DNS)
This protocol allows an authenticated client to upload and download files from a remote server
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Which service uses port 21?
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
The location of the host is usually represented by a
Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)
The set of rules for transferring files (text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the World Wide Web using TCP for its transport on port 80
HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)
This protocol is the basis of the World Wide Web.
HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)
What service uses port 80?
HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)
This is used to connect to a remote host (typically via a terminal emulator) and is unlikely to be used on modern networks
HTTP over TCP 80
For a user who registers on a secure website, identify the protocol, transport(s), and port number(s) in use
HTTP over TCP on port 443
For a user who registers on a secure website, identify the protocol, transport(s), and port number(s) in use.
HTTPS over TCP on port number 443
What protocol and port number would you use to secure communication over a computer network?
HTTPS port 443
An Internet protocol that provides a way for an Internet computer to report its multicast group membership to adjacent routers.
IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol)
This protocol is responsible basic networking.
IP (Internet Protocol)
consists of a variety of hardware sensors, intrusion detection software, and management software; used to detect attacks on the network.
Intrusion Detection System (IDS)
An open, vendor-neutral, industry standard application protocol for accessing and maintaining distributed X.500 directories over an Internet Protocol (IP) network.
LADP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) over TCP or UDP port 389
A protocol used to query and update a directory presented as X.500. It is widely supported in current directory products.
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
These records are like an address for your domain's email; tells the rest of the Internet where to send the email.
MX records
This is a way of communicating between processes. Messages, which correspond to events, are basic units of data delivered.
Message-oriented communication
Allowed computers to address one another by name and establish sessions
NetBIOS over TCP/IP (NetBT)
A networking protocol that allows pre-Windows 2000 legacy computers to be used on a modern TCP/IP network.
NetBT
The network needs to support a pre-Windows 2000 legacy system. What protocol will need to be enabled?
NetBT (NetBIOS over TCP/IP)
The most recent level of the POP protocol using TCP port 110
POP3
What service uses port 110?
POP3 (Post Office Protocol
What is a characteristic of connection-oriented communication?
Packet delivery assurance during data transmission
A Microsoft protocol that allows a user to view and control the desktop of a remote computer over TCP port 3389
RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol)
A Microsoft protocol that allows a user to view and control the desktop of a remote computer
RDP over TCP port 3389
What protocol and port number allows a user to view and control the desktop of a remote Windows computer?
RDP over TCP port 3389
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) over TCP 80 is used to
Retrieve content from a web server
What is Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) over TCP port 143 used for?
Retrieving email from an email server
Which protocol is needed to organize and locate resources (such as printers, disk drives, databases, and email directories) in a network?
SLP (Service Location Protocol) over TCP port 427
What is the purpose of Applications implementing Server Message Block (SMB) sometimes referred to as Common Internet File System (CIFS)?
SMB/CIFS shares files, printers, and other network resources on Windows networks usually over TCP port 445.
Which protocol and port number is used for sending email?
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) over TCP port 25
This protocol is used for collecting information and configuring network devices.
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
This protocol collects and organizes information about the newly connected device
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) over UDP on port 161
These maintain a database of network device activity and can initiate traps identifying notable network events.
SNMP agents
This was designed to replace unsecure administration and file copy programs such as Telnet and FTP.
SSH (Secure Shell)
Used to securely connect to a remote host (typically via a terminal emulator) and was designed to replace programs such as Telnet and FTP.
Secure Shell (SSH) over TCP port 22
Which protocol provides strong authentication methods and secure communications over insecure channels to allow users to execute commands and manage files?
Secure Shell (SSH) over TCP port 22
What mail server uses Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) port 25 by default?
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)
a technique common in messaging services where a data transmission is sent from one device to a receiving device but first passes through a "message center"
Store-and-forward
consists of a centralized collection of events from multiple sources and can be used to log different types of events.
Syslog
It is a heavy weight connection and tracks data sent ensuring no data loss during transmission
TCP
A connection-oriented protocol that is slower than UDP.
TCP (Transport Control Protocol)
DNS uses which port?
TCP or UDP port 53
SSH uses __________ by default and encryption to protect a session.
TCP port 22
For remote desktop functionality, any VNC client can be used to connect to a Screen Sharing server. VNC is a freeware product that works over
TCP port 5900
HTTP uses ______________ enabling clients to connect to a HTTP server and submit a request for resources
TCP port 80
It sends all messages in clear text which results in the security risks using ______ to be too high.
Telnet
a command-line terminal emulation protocol and program
Telnet over TCP port 23
a collection of protocols used for networking designed to work together allowing networked hosts to communicate.
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
This protocol allows an unauthenticated client to upload and download files from a remote server. It does not share files over an Apple network.
Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)
Telnet on Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) port 23, a command-line emulation protocol and program, is still sometimes used for what?
Troubleshooting and configuration
Which is faster: UDP or TCP?
UDP
Which protocol does NOT ensure packets are recieved?
UDP
A connectionless, simple protocol that sends messages as packets
UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
SNMP manages network traffic over which port to query devices?
UDP port 161
SNMP uses which port to communicate traps?
UDP port 162
The DHCP server destination port
UDP port 67
The DHCP client uses this port
UDP port 68
Resources on the Internet are accessed using an addressing scheme known as a
URL
In the network, what does HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) use to submit a request for a resource?
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
SNMP consists of a ____________________ to provide a location for network activity and agents.
management system
HTTPS operates over port ### by default and is used to secure communication over a network.
port 443
HTTP is the unsecure application that operates over port ## by default.
port 80