2.1 Compare and contrast TCP and UDP ports, protocols, and their purposes.

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The default port number using SSL/TLS security to protest Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) email communications between the client and server is

587 (SMTPS)

The default port number using SSL/TLS security to protect Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) email communications between the client and server is

993 (IMAPS)

The default port number using SSL/TLS security to protect POP3 email communications between the client and server is

995 (POP3S)

What protocol and port(s) perform a file sharing function on Apple networks running macOS (Macintosh Operating System)?

AFP (Apple Filing Protocol) over TCP or UDP port 427 and TCP port 548

A protocol used to map IP network addresses to the hardware addresses used by a data link protocol operating below the network layer

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

It establishes a Wi-Fi Direct connection between devices for file transfers. It is an ad-hoc service in Apple iOS and macOS operating systems.

AirDrop

Applications use this protocol to share files, printers, and network resources on Apple networks over TCP or UDP port 427 and TCP port 548 like SMB/CIFS on a Windows network.

Apple Filing Protocol (AFP)

Telnet is sometimes still used for troubleshooting services such as SMTP or HTTP. Another application of Telnet is for

Configuration of routers or switches

This protocol dynamically assigns IP address information to a device connecting to the network

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

Which protocol is used to automatically provide Internet Protocol (IP) addresses to network computers?

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

A new device is connected to the network. The device automatically receives an Internet Protocol (IP) address. What protocol, transport(s), and port number(s) was responsible for supplying this device its address?

DHCP over UDP on port 67 and 68

___ uses either TCP or UDP port 53. It is the most critical service on most networks allowing users to access resources using host names by resolving those names to IP addresses.

DNS

What service uses port 53?

DNS (Domain Name System)

Resolves the device's name listed on the server to the IP address provided by DHCP

DNS over TCP or UDP on port 53

Resolves domain names to corresponding IP addresses.

DNS over TCP or UDP port 53

A critical service that resolves host names to IP addresses allocated by DHCP.

Domain Name System (DNS)

What is the critical service on most networks that uses Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) or User Datagram Protocol (UDP) for its transport on port 53?

Domain Name System (DNS)

This protocol allows an authenticated client to upload and download files from a remote server

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

Which service uses port 21?

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

The location of the host is usually represented by a

Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)

The set of rules for transferring files (text, graphic images, sound, video, and other multimedia files) on the World Wide Web using TCP for its transport on port 80

HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)

This protocol is the basis of the World Wide Web.

HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)

What service uses port 80?

HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)

This is used to connect to a remote host (typically via a terminal emulator) and is unlikely to be used on modern networks

HTTP over TCP 80

For a user who registers on a secure website, identify the protocol, transport(s), and port number(s) in use

HTTP over TCP on port 443

For a user who registers on a secure website, identify the protocol, transport(s), and port number(s) in use.

HTTPS over TCP on port number 443

What protocol and port number would you use to secure communication over a computer network?

HTTPS port 443

An Internet protocol that provides a way for an Internet computer to report its multicast group membership to adjacent routers.

IGMP (Internet Group Management Protocol)

This protocol is responsible basic networking.

IP (Internet Protocol)

consists of a variety of hardware sensors, intrusion detection software, and management software; used to detect attacks on the network.

Intrusion Detection System (IDS)

An open, vendor-neutral, industry standard application protocol for accessing and maintaining distributed X.500 directories over an Internet Protocol (IP) network.

LADP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) over TCP or UDP port 389

A protocol used to query and update a directory presented as X.500. It is widely supported in current directory products.

LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)

These records are like an address for your domain's email; tells the rest of the Internet where to send the email.

MX records

This is a way of communicating between processes. Messages, which correspond to events, are basic units of data delivered.

Message-oriented communication

Allowed computers to address one another by name and establish sessions

NetBIOS over TCP/IP (NetBT)

A networking protocol that allows pre-Windows 2000 legacy computers to be used on a modern TCP/IP network.

NetBT

The network needs to support a pre-Windows 2000 legacy system. What protocol will need to be enabled?

NetBT (NetBIOS over TCP/IP)

The most recent level of the POP protocol using TCP port 110

POP3

What service uses port 110?

POP3 (Post Office Protocol

What is a characteristic of connection-oriented communication?

Packet delivery assurance during data transmission

A Microsoft protocol that allows a user to view and control the desktop of a remote computer over TCP port 3389

RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol)

A Microsoft protocol that allows a user to view and control the desktop of a remote computer

RDP over TCP port 3389

What protocol and port number allows a user to view and control the desktop of a remote Windows computer?

RDP over TCP port 3389

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) over TCP 80 is used to

Retrieve content from a web server

What is Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) over TCP port 143 used for?

Retrieving email from an email server

Which protocol is needed to organize and locate resources (such as printers, disk drives, databases, and email directories) in a network?

SLP (Service Location Protocol) over TCP port 427

What is the purpose of Applications implementing Server Message Block (SMB) sometimes referred to as Common Internet File System (CIFS)?

SMB/CIFS shares files, printers, and other network resources on Windows networks usually over TCP port 445.

Which protocol and port number is used for sending email?

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) over TCP port 25

This protocol is used for collecting information and configuring network devices.

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)

This protocol collects and organizes information about the newly connected device

SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) over UDP on port 161

These maintain a database of network device activity and can initiate traps identifying notable network events.

SNMP agents

This was designed to replace unsecure administration and file copy programs such as Telnet and FTP.

SSH (Secure Shell)

Used to securely connect to a remote host (typically via a terminal emulator) and was designed to replace programs such as Telnet and FTP.

Secure Shell (SSH) over TCP port 22

Which protocol provides strong authentication methods and secure communications over insecure channels to allow users to execute commands and manage files?

Secure Shell (SSH) over TCP port 22

What mail server uses Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) port 25 by default?

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

a technique common in messaging services where a data transmission is sent from one device to a receiving device but first passes through a "message center"

Store-and-forward

consists of a centralized collection of events from multiple sources and can be used to log different types of events.

Syslog

It is a heavy weight connection and tracks data sent ensuring no data loss during transmission

TCP

A connection-oriented protocol that is slower than UDP.

TCP (Transport Control Protocol)

DNS uses which port?

TCP or UDP port 53

SSH uses __________ by default and encryption to protect a session.

TCP port 22

For remote desktop functionality, any VNC client can be used to connect to a Screen Sharing server. VNC is a freeware product that works over

TCP port 5900

HTTP uses ______________ enabling clients to connect to a HTTP server and submit a request for resources

TCP port 80

It sends all messages in clear text which results in the security risks using ______ to be too high.

Telnet

a command-line terminal emulation protocol and program

Telnet over TCP port 23

a collection of protocols used for networking designed to work together allowing networked hosts to communicate.

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

This protocol allows an unauthenticated client to upload and download files from a remote server. It does not share files over an Apple network.

Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP)

Telnet on Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) port 23, a command-line emulation protocol and program, is still sometimes used for what?

Troubleshooting and configuration

Which is faster: UDP or TCP?

UDP

Which protocol does NOT ensure packets are recieved?

UDP

A connectionless, simple protocol that sends messages as packets

UDP (User Datagram Protocol)

SNMP manages network traffic over which port to query devices?

UDP port 161

SNMP uses which port to communicate traps?

UDP port 162

The DHCP server destination port

UDP port 67

The DHCP client uses this port

UDP port 68

Resources on the Internet are accessed using an addressing scheme known as a

URL

In the network, what does HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) use to submit a request for a resource?

Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

SNMP consists of a ____________________ to provide a location for network activity and agents.

management system

HTTPS operates over port ### by default and is used to secure communication over a network.

port 443

HTTP is the unsecure application that operates over port ## by default.

port 80


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