22.1 Principal Parts of Verbs
Past and past participles of a regular verb are formed by adding what to the present form?
-d or -ed
Present participles end in what?
-ing
What are common helping verbs seen before the past participle and present participle?
Has, have, had, am, is, are, was, were
The formation of the past and past participle of a verb does not follow a predictable pattern
Irregular verb
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of arise
P: arose PP: arisen
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of eat
P: ate PP: eaten
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of begin
P: began PP: begun
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of blow
P: blew PP: blown
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of break
P: broke PP: broken
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of come
P: came PP: come
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of choose
P: chose PP: chosen
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of done
P: did PP: done
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of drink
P: drank PP: drunk
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of draw
P: drew PP: drawn
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of drive
P: drove PP: driven
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of fall
P: fell PP: fallen
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of fly
P: flew PP: flown
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of freeze
P: froze PP: frozen
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of give
P: gave PP: given
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of grow
P: grew PP: grown
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of know
P: knew PP: known
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of run
P: ran PP: run
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of ring
P: rang PP: rung
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of ride
P: rode PP: ridden
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of rise
P: rose PP: risen
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of sing
P: sang PP: sung
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of sink
P: sank PP: sunk
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of see
P: saw PP: seen
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of shake
P: shook PP: shaken
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of speak
P: spoke PP: spoken
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of spring
P: sprang PP: sprung
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of swim
P: swam PP: swum
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of swear
P: swore PP: sworn
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of throw
P: threw PP: thrown
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of take
P: took PP: taken
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of tear
P: tore PP: torn
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of be
P: was PP: been
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of go
P: went PP: gone
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of wear
P: wore PP: worn
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of write
P: wrote PP: written
Which two principal parts have helping verbs before them?
Present participle and past participle
Four principal parts of a verb
Present, present participle, past, past participle
Principal parts of lay
Present: Lay Past: Laid Present participle: (am) laying Past participle: (have) laid
Principal parts of lie
Present: lie Past: lay Present participle: lying Past participle: lain
Principal parts of bid
bid, bidding
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of buy
bought
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of bring
brought
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of build
built
Principal parts of burst
burst, bursting
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of catch
caught
Principal parts of cost
cost, costing
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of fight
fought
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of find
found
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of get
got
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of hold
held
Principal parts of hurt
hurt, hurting
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of lead
led
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of lose
lost
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of pay
paid
Principal parts of put
put, putting
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of say
said
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of sit
sat
Principal parts of set
set, setting
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of spin
spun
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of stick
stuck
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of swing
swung
Past (P) and past participle (PP) of teach
taught