231!!!

Which of the following people would be most likely to notice the effects of an age-related decline in metabolic rate? A. 20-year-old truck driver B. 30-year-old computer programmer C. 30-year-old pregnant woman D. 20-year-old student

B. 30-year-old computer programmer

Which of the following is FALSE about weight management? A. Very low-calorie diets often result in regained weight B. Short-term diets are as effective as long-term behavior modification C. Careful attention to portions is a key factor in sustained weight loss D. Review studies suggest that use of diet pills is typically followed by weight regain

B. Short-term diets are as effective as long-term behavior modification

The body naturally experiences an increased metabolic rate... A. as we age B. during pregnancy C. when we adopt a reduced-calorie diet D. during sleep

B. during pregnancy

What percentage of adult Americans are obese? A. more than 20 percent but less than 30 percent B. more than 30 percent but less than 40 percent C. more than 10 percent but less than 20 percent D. more than 40 percent

B. more than 30 percent but less than 40 percent

When eating a very-low-calorie diet for prolonged periods, the body may begin to obtain fuel from... A. minerals stored in bone B. protein in lean body tissue C. fluid re-absorption by the kidneys D. glycogen stored in the brain

B. protein in lean body tissue

The measure of energy expended while a person is engaged in sedentary activities, such as sitting on a sofa or digesting food, is the... A. calorie intake B. resting metabolic rate C. exercise metabolic rate D. basal metabolic rate

B. resting metabolic rate

When a clinician measures a person's body fat by pinching folds of skin at various locations on the body, the process being used is the... A. DXA method B. skinfold method C. BIA method D. hydrostatic method

B. skinfold method

Which theory holds that some people have a genetic disposition toward fat storage and retaining weight? A. hormone adjustment theory B. thrifty gene theory C. set point theory D. adaptive thermogenesis theory

B. thrifty gene theory

The method of body composition measurement that sends a small current through the body to measure the resistance based on percentage of body water is A. electrical conductivity test B. dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry C. bioelectrical impedance analysis D. soft tissue roentgenogram

C. bioelectrical impedance analysis

Sharon is a gymnast. A personal trainer cautioned her that her extremely low body fat might cause health problems, including an increased risk of... A. osteoarthritis B. excessively heavy menstrual periods C. bone fractures D. sleep apnea

C. bone fractures

Which of the following is TRUE with respect to genetics and obesity? A. In non-obese people, the FTO gene serves as an adipostat that signals satiety. B. A healthy lifestyle cannot override obesity genes C. Certain genes might influence obesity by altering regulation of a hormone called ghrelin. D. people with a spendthrift metabolism are at increased risk for obesity

C. certain genes might influence obesity by altering regulation of a hormone called ghrelin

One problem with the BMI measurement is that it... A. takes too long to calculate B. cannot be used for children C. does not account for varying levels of muscle mass D. requires the use of special laboratory equipment

C. does not account for varying levels of muscle mass

Keith is having a complete fitness evaluation done at a health center. One of the measurements being taken is how much energy he expends while jogging on a treadmill, which is his... A. resting metabolic rate B. basal metabolic rate C. exercise metabolic rate D. calorie intake

C. exercise metabolic rate

The surge in obesity rates around the world has become known as... A. third-world obesity B. the obesogenic world syndrome C. globesity D. global overnourishment

C. globesity

A 26-year-old male would be considered obese if he... A. has a body mass index of 22-24. B. is 10% heavier than his ideal weight C. has a body mass index of 30 or higher D. has a body fat percentage of 20 percent.

C. has a body mass index of 30 or higher

What percentage of adult Americans engage in aerobic physical activity that meets the national guidelines? A. about 25 percent B. about 40 percent C. just over 50 percent D. fewer than 15 percent

C. just over 50 percent

Which of the following populations in the United States has the highest prevalence of overweight or obesity? A. non-Hispanic white women B. non-Hispanic black men C. non-Hispanic black women D. Asian American Men

C. non-Hispanic black women

A 20-year-old female with a BMI of 34 would be categorized as... A. morbidly obese B. healthy C. obese D. athletic

C. obese

A person with a body weight that is a 15% higher than recommended is considered... A. obese B. normal weight C. overweight D. morbidly obese

C. overweight

When eating a very-low-calorie diet for prolonged periods, the body may begin to obtain fuel from... A. minerals stored in bone B. fluid re-absorption by the kidneys C. protein in lean body tissue D. glycogen stored in the brain

C. protein in lean body tissue

Which theory holds that our bodies fight to maintain our weight within a particular narrow range? A. thrifty gene theory B. hormone adjustment theory C. set point theory D. adaptive thermogenesis theory

C. set point theory

To lose weight and reduce her risk for high blood pressure, Ingrid has been following an eating plan that has been rated the number-one best overall diet. It emphasizes intake of fruits and vegetables, lean protein, whole grains, and low-fat dairy. Ingrid is most likely following... A. a vegan diet B. the Atkins 40 diet C. the DASH diet D. a high-protein, low-carb diet

C. the DASH diet

River has been on and off four different diets in the past year, losing and then regaining weight. She now weighs more than she did when she began dieting a year ago. River is engaging in... A. feast-fast dieting B. compulsively dieting C. yo-yo dieting D. set-point dieting

C. yo-yo dieting

Regular aerobic exercise can reduce which type of cholesterol, known as "bad cholesterol"?

LDLs

Which of the following is TRUE about gambling addictions? Most compulsive gamblers seek a high from the excitement even more than from money. Gambling problems are greater among individuals with high socioeconomic status. Gambling problems do not tend to become worse over time. People with a compulsive gambling disorder and people who abuse drugs have entirely different cravings and highs.

Most compulsive gamblers seek a high from the excitement even more than from money.

Which of the following is TRUE about calories? Caloric needs stay about the same during various life stages. Calories are one of the basic nutrient groups. All nutrients provide calories. Calories are a unit of measure of the energy obtained from food.

Calories are a unit of measure of the energy obtained from food.

Taking a large amount of this vitamin can be toxic because excess amounts can accumulate in the liver. folate D B6 C

D

An average adult has... A. 250 to 350 million fat cells. B. 250 to 350 billion fat cells. C. 25 to 35 million fat cells. D. 25 to 35 billion fat cells.

D. 25 to 35 billion fat cells

Which of the following people would be most likely to notice the effects of an age-related decline in metabolic rate? A. 20-year-old student B. 20-year-old truck driver C. 30-year-old pregnant woman D. 30-year-old computer programmer

D. 30-year-old computer programmer

Which of the following waist measurements indicates an increased health risk? A. 33 inches in a male B. 38 inches in a male C. 33 inches in a female D. 38 inches in a female

D. 38 inches in a female

The high rate of overweight and obesity among Americans is due to... A. basal metabolism and an obesogenic environment B. increased income inequality C. increased inheritance of the FTO gene D. biology, environment, and lifestyle

D. biology, environment, and lifestyle

Over-the-counter weight loss aids and supplements typically contain... A. antidepressants B. narcotics C. vitamins D. diuretics

D. diuretics

Which environmental factor encourages us to increase our food consumption? A. social encouragement B. increasing number of regulations that apply to food labeling C. increasing use of texting for cell phone communication D. easy access to high-calorie foods in stores and restaurants

D. easy access to high-calorie foods in stores and restaurants

All of the following are scientific methods for determining body composition EXCEPT: A. skinfold measures B. hydrostatic measures C. bioelectrical impedance analysis D. height and weight tables

D. height and weight tables

Glenna is trying to determine her healthy weight. She should assess... A. how often her weight fluctuates up and down and in what increments B. how her clothes fit C. how her weight compares to that of her friends D. her percentage of body fat and how her weight is distributed

D. her percentage of body fat and how her weight is distributed

A condition in which a person has an excessive number of fat cells is... A. anaplastic obesity B. hyperglycermia C. dysplastic obesity D. hyperplastic obesity

D. hyperplastic obesity

The process that occurs when fat cells swell and enlarge is... A. hyperthyroidism B. hyperbole C. dystrophy D. hypertrophy

D. hypertrophy

Problems associated with severe caloric restriction include all of the following EXCEPT A. blood sugar imbalance B. fatigue C. it does not teach the individual healthy eating D. increased tolerance for cold

D. increased tolerance for cold

A person's exercise metabolic rate (EMR) will increase if he or she... A. decreases the time spent exercising B. decreases the activity level from moderate to light C. performs light daily activities instead of structured exercise routines D. increases the activity level from light to moderate

D. increases the activity level from light to moderate

One dangerous consequence of very-low-calorie diets is that they increase the individual's risk for a condition in which the blood levels become acidic. This is known as A. hypertension B. anemia C. stenosis D. ketacidosis

D. ketacidosis

Allen has just eaten a large meal and pushes his plate away, unable to eat any more. He is experiencing A. appetite B. hunger C. adaptive thermogenesis D. satiety

D. satiety

Theodore's BMI is 18.0. Theodore is... A. overweight B. obese C. normal weight D. underweight

D. underweight

Cassie is morbidly obese, and is now following a medically supervised diet on which she consumes 500 calories a day in the form of a powdered supplement. What kind of diet is Cassie following? A. low-carbohydrate diet B. yo-yo diet C. fasting D. very-low-calorie diet

D. very-low-calorie diet

If you know you will be at an event where alcohol will be served, what can you do to drink responsibly? Make sure that someone else has volunteered to be a designated driver. Attend with friends who drink more than you do. Eat shortly before you go and alternate alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks. Don't eat for several hours before the event.

Eat shortly before you go and alternate alcoholic and nonalcoholic drinks.

Which of the following statements about college drinking is TRUE? Three-quarters of college students are classified as heavy episodic drinkers. The majority of college students drink alcohol on a daily basis. Female college students' alcohol consumption is close to that of male college students. Few students experience negative consequences as a result of alcohol consumption.

Female college students' alcohol consumption is close to that of male college students.

The following are all tips for mindful eating EXCEPT: Finish all of the food on your plate. Enjoy the aroma, taste, and texture of your meals. Eat at the table. Take small bites, and chew slowly.

Finish all of the food on your plate.

High blood levels of this type of cholesterol appear to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis, or cholesterol-clogged arteries. LDL HDL ADL triglycerides

HDL

Which of the following statements about hookas is true? Hookah use originated in Africa. A hookah is a type of pipe that uses smokeless tobacco. Hookah use has not been associated with lung cancer or other respiratory disease. Hookah use has been linked to an increased risk for periodontal disease.

Hookah use has been linked to an increased risk for periodontal disease.

Earth's average temperature has risen by how much in the past 100 years?

1.5 degrees F

Climate scientists project the Earth's average temperature could rise by a maximum of how much in the next 100 years?

11.5 degrees F

One standard drink equals 6 ounces of malt liquor or 8 ounces of beer. 12 ounces of beer or 1.5 ounces of 80 proof liquor. 16 ounces of beer or wine. 10 ounces of wine or 1 ounce of 80 proof liquor.

12 ounces of beer or 1.5 ounces of 80 proof liquor.

How many Americans suffer from health disorders caused by tobacco? 7 million 16 million half a million 2 million

16 million

What percentage of Americans abstain from drinking alcohol? 21 percent 11 percent 41 percent 31 percent

21 percent

How long does it take for the average adult to metabolize four 12-ounce beers? 4 hours 3 hours 2 hours 5 hours

4 hours

Binge drinking is defined for the typical adult as 4 or more drinks for females or 5 or more drinks for males in about two hours. 5 or more drinks for both females and males in about two hours. 3 or more drinks for females or 4 or more drinks for males in about two hours. 5 or more drinks for females or 6 or more drinks for males in about two hours.

4 or more drinks for females or 5 or more drinks for males in about two hours.

Approximately what percentage of Americans consume alcoholic beverages regularly? 10 percent 50 percent 75 percent 25 percent

50 percent

What is the percentage of alcohol in 100 proof whiskey? 40 percent 20 percent 50 percent 80 percent

50 percent

What percentage of a person's body weight is water? 30 to 50 percent 70 to 90 percent 10 to 30 percent 50 to 70 percent

50 to 70 percent

What percentage of fruits and vegetables is water? 8 to 10 percent 20 to 25 percent 80 to 95 percent about 50 percent

80 to 95 percent

According to experts, up to what percentage of trash is recyclable?

90 percent

A measurement based on the relationship between a person's height and weight that is highly correlated to the amount of body fat is the... A. body mass index B. obesity index C. body fat index D. body composition index

A. body mass index

Which environmental factor encourages us to increase our food consumption? A. easy access to high-calorie foods in stores and restaurants B. increasing number of regulations that apply to food labeling C. social encouragement to work out and be active D. increasing use of texting for cell phone communication

A. easy access to high-calorie foods in stores and restaurants

John underwent a body composition test that involved being submerged to compare his underwater weight with land weight to determine his level of body fat. This method of assessment is known as a... A. hydrostatic weighing B. Bod Pod test C. skinfold measure D. bioelectrical impedance analysis

A. hydrostatic weighing

Over the last twenty years, the Americans' calorie intake has increased. This is due in part to... A. increased availability of extremely large serving sizes of foods B. increased consumption of organic food C. increased consumption of fat D. the increase in genetically modified foods

A. increased availability of extremely large serving sizes of foods

The over-the-counter version of the drug orlistat, marketed as Alli, has a number of unpleasant side effects but works to promote weight loss by... A. inhibiting the digestion of fat B. increasing resting metabolic rate C. suppressing appetite D. increasing water loss

A. inhibiting the digestion of fat

Gastric bypass... A. is a restrictive and malabsorption surgery B. is an elimination surgery C. results in gradual loss of modest amounts of weight over several years' time D. is one of the least common types of weight-loss surgery

A. is a restrictive and malabsorption surgery

An individual whose BMI is 42 would be classified as... A. morbidly obese B. overweight C. obese D. super obese

A. morbidly obese

Liposuction is used to... A. spot reduce or contour body shape B. reroute the passage of food through the body C. restrict the calories absorbed by the body D. decrease levels of leptin

A. spot reduce or contour body shape

Benefits of weight-loss surgery include the potential to reverse... A. type 2 diabetes B. infections C. malabsorption syndrome D. dumping syndorme

A. type 2 diabetes

Which form of exercise involves techniques that slowly and gradually lengthen a muscle or group of muscles and the associated tendons?

Static stretching

Which of the following is a TRUE statement? More deaths are due to illegal drug use than are due to tobacco use. Twenty-five percent of all regular smokers die of smoking-related diseases. Tobacco is known to cause about 20 diseases. Tobacco is the second leading cause of preventable death in the United States

Tobacco is known to cause about 20 diseases.

All of the following statements about the effects of chronic marijuana use are true EXCEPT: The lungs of marijuana smokers are exposed to more tar per breath than the lungs of tobacco smokers. Men who use marijuana weekly or more often have about twice the risk for testicular cancer as men who do not use marijuana. Vaping marijuana is associated with fewer adverse effects on the lungs than smoking marijuana. Marijuana use during pregnancy causes subtle brain changes that increase the risk for memory and attention problems in offspring.

Vaping marijuana is associated with fewer adverse effects on the lungs than smoking marijuana.

Which of the following is TRUE about women and alcoholism? As opposed to men with alcoholism, women with alcoholism have a lower risk for cirrhosis. Married women are at the highest risk for alcoholism among females. Alcoholism death rates are lower for women than for men. Women get addicted faster with less alcohol use than men.

Women get addicted faster with less alcohol use than men.

Which of the following is FALSE about smokeless tobacco? It is just as addictive as smoking. Young people's use of smokeless tobacco has been declining steadily since 1999. It contains more nicotine than cigarettes. Snus is a stringy form of chewing tobacco.

Young people's use of smokeless tobacco has been declining steadily since 1999.

Which of the following is a smoking cessation medication? Concerta Ambien Vicodin Zyban

Zyban

hyperplastic obesity

a condition characterized by an excessive number of fat cells

body mass index (BMI)

a number calculated from a person's weight and height that is used to assess risk for possible present or future health problems

Climate change is..

a shift in patterns of temperature, precipitation, and frequency of catastrophic stroms

Fossil fuels are..

a significant source of carbon emissions

Bidis are becoming increasingly popular because they are viewed as safer than regular cigarettes. Research shows that bidis produce five times less tar than cigarettes. produce three times more nicotine than cigarettes. produce 20 percent less tar than cigarettes. decrease the smoker's exposure to carbon monoxide as compared to cigarettes.

produce three times more nicotine than cigarettes.

Which of the following play a role in developing and repairing bone, muscle, skin, and blood cells? carbohydrates proteins fats water

proteins

Cap and trade policies..

provide incentives to industrial polluters to limit their carbon emissions.

Which type of drug is defined as having the potential to alter a person's mood or behavior? recreational drug psychoactive drug over-the-counter drug illicit drug

psychoactive drug

Which naturally occurring oderless, colorless gas seeps into homes and is a leading cause of lung cancer?

radon

Therapeutic communities are a type of individual therapy. 12-step program. residential treatment. outpatient behavioral treatment.

residential treatment.

In a fitness program, the slogan "use it or lose it" applies to which principle?

reversibility

Dietary fats that are solid at room temperature are made up mostly of saturated fatty acids. polyunsaturated fatty acids. essential fatty acids. monounsaturated fatty acids.

saturated fatty acids.

Carbohydrates are used by the body primarily for antioxidants. tissue growth and healing. sustained energy. short-term energy.

short-term energy.

Eating food when drinking alcohol increases the absorption of nutrients in food. slows alcohol absorption. speeds up alcohol absorption. decreases the absorption of nutrients in food.

slows alcohol absorption.

Marijuana use presents clear dangers to those driving motor vehicles (as well as others on the road) because it negatively affects night vision. is a known carcinogen. slows reaction time and impedes decision making. may cause seizures.

slows reaction time and impedes decision making.

The mineral necessary for the regulation of blood and body fluids is sodium. copper. zinc. iodine.

sodium

Which type of fiber combines with water to form a gel-like substance and can be digested by bacteria in the colon? complex composite insoluble soluble

soluble

Which exercise technique involves working to slowly and gradually lengthen a muscle or group of muscles?

static stretching

hypertrophy

the act of swelling or increasing in size, as with cells

Nutrients are the healthful compounds found in vitamins and minerals. made up of three basic food groups: proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. units of measure that indicate the amount of energy in a particular food. the constituents in food that the body requires to function properly.

the constituents in food that the body requires to function properly.

Resting metabolic rate (RMR)

the energy expenditure of the body under BMR conditions plus other daily sedentary activities

Exercise metabolic rate (EMR)

the energy expenditure that occurs during exercise

satiety

the feeling of fullness or satisfaction at the end of a meal

Experts analyze the carrying capacity of the earth to figure out..

the maximum population the earth can support

Basal metabolic rate (BMR)

the rate of energy expenditure by a body at complete rest in a neutral

adaptive thermogenesis

the theoretical mechanism by which the brain regulates metabolic activity according to caloric intake

set point theory

the theory that a form of internal thermostat controls our weight and flights to maintain this weight around a narrowly set range

Factors affecting alcohol absorption include all of the following EXCEPT the drinker's mood. the type of drink. the drinker's weight and body mass. the time of day the alcohol is consumed.

the time of day the alcohol is consumed.

To ensure safety, leftovers that have been properly wrapped and refrigerated should be eaten within one day. four days. three days. two days.

three days.

Marijuana is administered therapeutically for all of the following reasons EXCEPT to reduce appetite for weight control. to reduce the muscle pain and spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis. to forestall loss of lean muscle mass due to AIDS-wasting syndrome. to control side effects of chemotherapy such as nausea and vomiting.

to reduce appetite for weight control.

Risk for developing lung cancer varies among smokers due to all of the following EXCEPT frequency of smoking. amount of inhalation of cigarette smoke. age of onset of smoking. tolerance to nicotine.

tolerance to nicotine.

Which form of fat poses high risks for heart disease and cardiac-related death? trans fats monounsaturated fats omega-6 fats omega-3 fats

trans fats

When liquid oils are hydrogenated, trans fatty acids are produced. cholesterol is produced. LDLs are produced. HDLs are produced.

trans fatty acids are produced.

Using a nicotine patch for smoking cessation is an example of which route of administration? oral ingestion transdermal injection inhalation

transdermal

In a synergistic drug interaction one drug blocks the action of another drug. an individual develops a tolerance to one drug that increases his or her tolerance to another drug. two drugs multiply each other's effects. two or more drugs combine to produce extremely uncomfortable reactions.

two drugs multiply each other's effects.

An important strategy for avoiding mold is to...

use a dehumidifier in damp rooms

Chelsea occasionally takes aspirin to relieve a headache. Chelsea is likely to develop cross-tolerance. engaging in drug abuse. using a transdermal drug. using an over-the-counter (OTC) drug.

using an over-the-counter (OTC) drug.

A person who avoids all foods and food products of animal origin, including dairy and eggs, is a pesco-vegetarian. vegan. lacto-ovo-vegetarian. vegetarian.

vegan

The MyPlate graphic encourages Americans to make which of the following food groups the largest portion of their plate at each meal? grains fruits vegetables protein foods

vegetables

Which of the following vitamins is readily excreted from the body in urine and unlikely to develop to toxic levels? vitamin C vitamin A vitamin D vitamin E

vitamin C

Potent and essential organic compounds that promote growth and help to maintain life and health are additives. minerals. nutrients. vitamins.

vitamins.

Which of the following nutrients is the major component of blood? carbohydrate protein fat water

water

Symptoms of nicotine withdrawal include all of the following EXCEPT weakness in the limbs. irritability. restlessness. nausea and vomiting.

weakness in the limbs.

A grain that contains the bran, germ, and endosperm is a whole grain. refined grain. milled grain. raw grain.

whole grain.

One reason that the effects of alcohol are different for women and men is that women have less water in their tissues than men. women have lower levels of body fat than men. men are not affected by congeners. women are not affected by congeners.

women have less water in their tissues than men.

Exercise can improve mental health by a. boosting self-esteem. b. straining the muscles and joints. c. burning off the byproducts of metabolism. d. decreasing endorphin production after exercise.

a. boosting self-esteem.

All of the following statements regarding cell phones are true EXCEPT a. cell phone use has been proven to pose a clear risk of human tissue damage. b. for the highest level of safety, it is best to use a hands-free device. c. radio frequency energy from cell phones can penetrate your body. d. the global burden of e-waste from cell phones has skyrocketed in recent years.

a. cell phone use has been proven to pose a clear risk of human tissue damage.

In which of the following regions is smog most likely to be a concern? a. in the San Fernando Valley b. along the Florida coastline c. at the top of Mount Rainier d. over an industrial farm in Nebraska

a. in the San Fernando Valley

Countries with the largest per capita "ecological footprint"... a. include the united states b. tend to be among the world's poorest. c. are uniformly those countries with the largest populations. d. tend to have the highest fertility rates.

a. include the united states

Which of the following is a concern in regard to overpopulation? a. increased amount of land used for agricultural purposes b. increased levels of prosperity in developed nations c. increased use of alternative fuels d. increased fish stocks

a. increased amount of land used for agricultural purposes

Exercise can reduce the risk of heart disease by all of the following EXCEPT.. a. increasing LDL levels b. improving blow flow c. strengthening the heart d. improving dyslipidemia

a. increasing LDL levels

In strength training, which of the following represents the amount of weight or resistance that can be moved only once? a. one repetition maximum (1 RM) b. one static stretch (1 SS) c. one set (1 S) d. one resistance maximum (1 RM)

a. one repetition maximum (1 RM)

A colorless gas that dissolves in water vapor to form acid and is emitted from coal-fired power plants is a. sulfur dioxide. b. carbon monoxide. c. nitrogen dioxide. d. carbon dioxide.

a. sulfur dioxide

For an aerobic exercise such as a Latin dance class, which measurement would you use to confirm that you are working at 64 percent to 96 percent of your maximal heart rate for improved cardiorespiratory fitness? a. target heart rate b. number of repetitions c. target respiratory rate d. perceived exertion

a. target heart rate

An example of an exercise to build core strength would be..

abdominal curl-ups

The average person in the United States generates how many pounds of municipal solid waste each day?

about 4.5

The excessive use of a drug is abuse. tolerance. dependence. misuse.

abuse.

The toxic chemical byproduct of alcohol metabolism that causes nausea and vomiting is called alcohol dehydrogenase. acetaldehyde. transacetate. acetate.

acetaldehyde.

The updated Nutrition Facts panel adds information about amount of which of the following in a serving of food? added sugars calories from fat vitamin C vitamin A

added sugars

Which inexpensive device can be attached to faucets to reduce water consumption?

aerator

Marketing of tobacco products currently targets all of the following EXCEPT men through ads implying masculinity and ruggedness. college students through music festivals and other targeted events. low-income groups through billboards and posters. affluent citizens through community-based events.

affluent citizens through community-based events.

When personal and health problems related to alcohol use have become severe and a person suffers withdrawal symptoms if they don't drink, they have reached the point of alcoholism or tolerance. binge drinking. inebriation. alcohol dependence.

alcohol dependence.

Urinating frequently after alcohol consumption occurs because alcohol filters through the kidneys faster than water. alcohol can be a gastrointestinal irritant. alcohol is a diuretic. alcohol shrinks the bladder.

alcohol is a diuretic.

Jeff has been drinking a lot over the past few months, including frequent binges. His friends are concerned that this behavior puts him at risk for a condition that involves a potentially lethal blood alcohol concentration. Which condition is this? alcoholic hepatitis coronary artery disease cirrhosis alcohol poisoning

alcohol poisoning

Molecules that are the building blocks of protein are amino acids. fatty acids. starches. minerals

amino acids.

The interaction of two or more drugs at the same receptor site in which one blocks the action of the other is cross-tolerance. intolerance. antagonism. synergism.

antagonism.

Which substances protect against oxidative stress and the resultant cell damage? proteins hormones antioxidants enzymes

antioxidants

Which of the following could be included in a vegan diet? apples raw milk fish eggs

apples

Smokeless tobacco users rarely "graduate" to cigarette smoking. are significantly more likely to develop oral cancers than nonusers. generally, develop cancer after first use more slowly than smokers. have an easier time quitting than cigarette smokers.

are significantly more likely to develop oral cancers than nonusers.

Diet pills contain ingredients such as caffeine, and can therefore act in what way on the body? as a depressant as a stimulant as a hallucinogen as a narcotic

as a stimulant

Which compound that was formerly used in building materials such as insulation has been found to be the cause of certain cancers and lung diseases?

asbestos

Which of the following statements about acid deposition is true? a. Mercury and lead are the main components. b. It causes lakes and ponds to turn a crystal-clear deep blue. c. It was formerly referred to as smog. d. Eye exposure can result in blindness, and skin exposure can result in a second-degree burn.

b. It causes lakes and ponds to turn a crystal-clear deep blue.

Which of the following is TRUE about target heart rate? a. It is the heart rate at which one cannot talk and exercise comfortably. b. It is a percentage of your maximum heart rate. c. It is a measure of the heart rate after 20 minutes of exercise. d. The calculation of target heart rate varies by a person's body weight.

b. It is a percentage of your maximum heart rate

When doing some form of aerobic exercise, you are at a moderate level of intensity when you are a. unable to speak and barely able to catch your breath. b. able to converse with someone. c. able to sing clearly. d. able to talk in short fragments only.

b. able to converse with someone.

All of the following are part of the RICE formula for treating sports- and fitness-related injuries EXCEPT.. a. compress the injury with an elastic bandage. b. apply heat at the injury site. c. rest the injured body part. d. elevate the injured extremity

b. apply heat at the injury site.

The relative proportions and distribution of fat and lean tissue throughout the body is its a. weight. b. composition. c. risk of disease. d. flexibility.

b. composition.

Walking to class or up a flight of stairs would be examples of a. physical fitness. b. physical activity. c. endurance. d. exercise.

b. physical activity.

Increases in the planet's temperature over the past few decades can be attributed to a. acid rain b. the enhanced greenhouse effect c. excess carbon monoxide d. the increased use of chlorofluorocarbons

b. the enhanced greenhouse effect

Breaking a leg during a football game is an example of which type of injury? a. stress-related b. traumatic c. overuse d. repetitive

b. traumatic

The body's core muscles are the muscles of the...

back, abdomen, and hips

Silvio wants to eat a healthy lunch in the college dining hall. Which of the following choices is the BEST thing he can order? salad made up of lettuce and creamy dressing apple and a donut fried chicken in mushroom sauce baked potato with salsa

baked potato with salsa

The ratio of alcohol to total blood volume is the ethyl alcohol density. complete blood count. red blood cell volume. blood alcohol concentration.

blood alcohol concentration.

The most popular form of LSD is a powder that is snorted. blotter acid that is swallowed or chewed. a liquid that is injected into the veins. a pill that is swallowed.

blotter acid that is swallowed or chewed.

People with a physiological dependence on a substance, such as an addictive drug, will experience neither tolerance nor withdrawal. both tolerance and withdrawal. tolerance but not withdrawal. withdrawal but not tolerance.

both tolerance and withdrawal.

Which statement about heat exhaustion is TRUE? a. It has a high mortality rate. b. It is the least serious heat-related illness. c. It is a mild form of shock. d. It is irreversible.

c. It is a mild form of shock.

Which type of exercise is BEST for improving cardiorespiratory fitness? a. flexibility b. resistance c. aerobic d. anaerobic

c. aerobic

A measure of how clean or polluted the air in a given region is on a particular day is the a. smog level. b. carbon level. c. air quality index. d. carbon footprint

c. air quality index

All of the following are examples of resources that reduce carbon emissions EXCEPT a. wind. b. bioenergy. c. coal. d. solar.

c. coal.

Marta collects kitchen scraps and yard clippings in a bin outside of her home to use in her garden. She is a. combusting. b. recycling. c. composting. d. source reducing.

c. composting.

Which of the following would assess muscular endurance? a. measuring range-of-motion in sitting and reaching forward b. measuring time on a 0.5-mile run c. counting number of repeated sit-ups d. performing one repetition maximum test

c. counting number of repeated sit-ups

Cynthia tends to sweat profusely during her 75-minute "power aerobics" class. Cynthia should a. switch to a shorter or less vigorous aerobics class. b. urge her instructor to turn up the air conditioning in the room. c. drink a sports beverage periodically throughout the class. d. drink plain water periodically throughout the class.

c. drink a sports beverage periodically throughout the class.

A sprained ankle should be iced... a. every two hours for the first 24 hours. b. every hour for the first 24 hours. c. for 20 minutes every hour for the first 24 to 72 hours. d. three times a day for the first 24 to 72 hours

c. for 20 minutes every hour for the first 24 to 72 hours.

As part of her fitness program, Shayna runs ten times up and down the stone steps in her campus' quad. Shayna is engaging in a. initial conditioning. b. multi-tasking. c. green exercise. d. active transportation.

c. green exercise.

Regular exercise.. a. reduces the flow of oxygen to the brain. b. increases stress. c. improves concentration. d. deprives the brain of nutrients.

c. improves concentration

Exercise helps with weight control by increasing the body's a. resistance to infection. b. heart rate. c. metabolic rate. d. blood pressure.

c. metabolic rate

The two general types of water pollution are described as a. runoff and nonrunoff. b. toxic and nontoxic. c. point source and nonpoint source. d. acid and nonacid.

c. point source and nonpoint source.

Most experts agree that a key step in slowing climate change is to a. make cars larger and more efficient. b. repeal all industrial waste laws. c. reduce consumption of fossil fuels. d. eliminate mass transportation.

c. reduce consumption of fossil fuels.

General pain that occurs below the knee and above the ankle is called a. shin fasciitis. b. plantar fasciitis. c. shin splints. d. tendon inflammation.

c. shin splints.

It is wise to deal with being outdoors in cold temperatures by a. being out on a day with low humidity. b. wearing lightweight clothing to aid air circulation. c. wearing layered clothing and keeping hydrated. d. restricting the intake of fluids before going out.

c. wearing layered clothing and keeping hydrated

Bath salts can produce anxiety, agitation, hallucinations, and paranoia when used at high doses. can cause a rapid drop in blood pressure and heart rate when ingested, snorted, or injected. are a relatively new form of MDMA. are powders that release an intoxicating fragrance when poured into hot water.

can produce anxiety, agitation, hallucinations, and paranoia when used at high doses.

Which of the following provides a ready source of energy for daily activities? water vitamins carbohydrates proteins

carbohydrates

The primary greenhouse gas in the atmosphere is...

carbon dioxide

A standard rum and cola will be absorbed faster than a 5-ounce glass of wine because a rum and cola has more alcohol than the glass of wine. distilled beverages are absorbed more slowly than nondistilled. carbonated beverages have less alcohol. carbonation causes the pyloric valve to relax.

carbonation causes the pyloric valve to relax.

Stimulants act by increasing the activity of the central nervous system. parasympathetic nervous system. peripheral nervous system. autonomic nervous system.

central nervous system.

The water that is pulled out of the body when someone drinks heavily is taken from fat stores. cerebrospinal fluid. skeletal muscle. cerebral tissue.

cerebrospinal fluid.

Which of the following foods is an example of a complete protein? peanuts pinto beans whole-grain bread chicken breast

chicken breast

The last stage of liver disease that can result from years of heavy drinking is hepatic amyloidosis. fibrosis. alcoholic hepatitis. cirrhosis.

cirrhosis.

The action of nicotine on the cilia of upper respiratory passages prevents them from stimulating the cough reflex. participating in gas exchange. cleaning out foreign matter. producing mucus.

cleaning out foreign matter.

Which of the following has the most saturated fat? peanut oil coconut oil olive oil palm kernel oil

coconut oil

What type of proteins contain all nine essential amino acids? incomplete plant-source complementary complete

complete

Which of the following is an example of a process addiction? compulsive gambling a disciplined exercise routine alcoholism regular Internet use

compulsive gambling

A form of alcohol that metabolizes slowly and produces toxic byproducts is a(n) congener. ethyl alcohol product. intoxicator. distilled alcohol product.

congener.

Reputable certification for fitness professionals require...

continuing education to maintain the certification

Over-the-counter drugs commonly abused by teens and young adults include diuretics, vitamins, and herbal supplements. pain relievers, muscle relaxants, and sleep aids. cough and cold medicines and diet and sleep aids. antacids, pain relievers, and diet aids.

cough and cold medicines and diet and sleep aids.

yo-yo dieting

cycles in which people diet and regain weight

The 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans recommend what minimum amount of moderate-intensity exercise for adults? a. 250 minutes per week b. 200 minutes per week c. 100 minutes per week d. 150 minutes per week

d. 150 minutes per week

Which of the following is FALSE about hypothermia? a. It may produce poor judgment, apathy, and amnesia. b. In early stages it causes shivering. c. It is a potentially fatal condition from abnormally low body temperature. d. It is caused by prolonged exposure to temperatures below 32 degrees Fahrenheit.

d. It is caused by prolonged exposure to temperatures below 32 degrees Fahrenheit.

Which of the following statement about sports-related injuries is true? a. Nearly half of all sports-related eye injuries could be prevented by wearing appropriate eye protection. b. Over 99 percent of cases of tennis elbow are caused by failure to wear an elbow brace. c. The risk for eye injury is higher in contact sports such as football than in racquet sports. d. More than two-thirds of head injuries among cyclists could be prevented by wearing a helmet.

d. More than two-thirds of head injuries among cyclists could be prevented by wearing a helmet.

The compound originally contained in aerosol propellants that is thought to have contributed to the depletion of the ozone layer is.. a. carbon oxides b. nitrous oxide c. fluorohydrochlorides d. chlorofluorocarbons

d. chlorofluorocarbons

Bryan enjoys going for a 5-mile run as a way to wind down after his last class. Bryan should a. drink a "performance-enhancing" protein shake immediately before he heads out for his run. b. eat nothing for at least 3 hours before he heads out for his run. c. eat a large meal providing carbs, fats, and proteins about an hour before he heads out for his run. d. eat a small carbohydrate-rich snack about an hour before he heads out for his run.

d. eat a small carbohydrate-rich snack about an hour before he heads out for his run.

A muscle's ability to perform contractions for a length of time is muscle a. strength. b. flexibility. c. extension. d. endurance.

d. endurance.

Which of the following is defined as planned, structured, and repetitive body movement? a. aerobic activity b. flexibility training c. strength training d. exercise

d. exercise

What are the components of the FITT principle that apply to all types of exercise? a. fitness, intensity, tension, and time b. frequency, information, time, and tempo c. fitness, involvement, time, and type d. frequency, intensity, time, and type

d. frequency, intensity, time, and type

Except for physical education classes in elementary and high school, Jayleen has been sedentary all her life. Motivated by her mother's recent diagnosis of high blood pressure, Jayleen, now a junior in college, wants to improve her physical fitness. Her first step should be to... a. sign up for an aerobics class. b. hire a personal trainer. c. consult a Registered Dietitian Nutritionist. d. get her primary healthcare provider's clearance for exercise.

d. get her primary healthcare provider's clearance for exercise.

Regular aerobic exercise improves the a. ability of the muscles to sustain a contraction. b. range of motion at the body's joints. c. body's level of hydration. d. heart, lungs, and blood vessels.

d. heart, lungs, and blood vessels.

The ozone layer is a. a layer of toxic gas produced by the discharge of aerosols, refrigerants, and solvents high into the earth's stratosphere. b. a harmful chemical compound that is produced when oxygen interacts with water. c. close to Earth and consists mainly of chlorofluorocarbons. d. in the stratosphere and protects the planet from UVB radiation.

d. in the stratosphere and protects the planet from UVB radiation

As compared to today, by the year 2050, the world's population is expected to a. decline by about 100 million people b. Stay about the same c. Nearly double d. increase by 2 to 3 billion people

d. increase by 2 to 3 billion people

Climate change is evidenced by which of the following? a. the warmest winter on record in the b. Northeastern U.S. a shift in solar output c. the occurrence of a catastrophic hurricane d. increasingly extreme swings in precipitation levels over the last three decades

d. increasingly extreme swings in precipitation levels over the last three decades

All of the following are overuse injuries EXCEPT a. shin splints. b. plantar fasciitis. c. runner's knee. d. ligament sprain.

d. ligament sprain.

Regular physical activity has been linked to all of the following EXCEPT a. reduction in hypertension. b. improved bone mass. c. lower risk for diabetes. d. lower life expectancy.

d. lower life expectancy.

When trying to ensure clean air in your home, sources of pollution to look for include all of the following EXCEPT a. radon. b. tobacco smoke. c. formaldehyde. d. nitroglycerine.

d. nitroglycerine.

Radiation exposure is measured in which of the following units (also called roentgens)? a. radiation exposed doses b. radiation frequency units c. radiation ionized units d. radiation absorbed doses

d. radiation absorbed doses

Smog is MOST likely to form in areas that experience a. acid deposition b. high rainfall c. dry conditions d. temperature inversions

d. temperature inversions

Which of the following components of an exercise session prepares the body physically and mentally? a. preparedness b. cool-down c. transition d. warm-up

d. warm-up

Which of the following forms of exercise focuses attention on controlled breathing and employs strengthening postures known as asanas? a. spinning b. Pilates c. tai chi d. yoga

d. yoga

Drinking games result in the consumption of large quantities of alcohol in a short period of time and have been associated with paranoid behavior. developing respiratory problems. muscle and joint disorders. death from alcohol poisoning.

death from alcohol poisoning.

A condition in which a person experiences a depletion of body fluids is dehydration. anemia. desalination. hyponatremia.

dehydration.

Jason doesn't see that his addiction to heroin is self-destructive. He is experiencing obsession. denial. compulsion. loss of control.

denial.

The process of freeing the body from an addictive substance is known as rehabilitation. detoxification. mainlining. counseling.

detoxification.

Limitations of BMI

does not distinguish between fat and muscle mass, various ethnicities, sex, elderly

When drugs activate the brain's pleasure circuit, what neurotransmitter is involved? dopamine ketamine melamine amphetamine

dopamine

Using a drug for a purpose other than that for which it is intended is drug abuse. drug use. drug tolerance. drug misuse.

drug misuse.

A disease associated with smoking in which alveoli are destroyed is known as alveolitis. chronic bronchitis. hepatitis. emphysema.

emphysema.

Calories from saturated fats and/or added sugars in foods that have little or no nutritional value, such as sausages and ice cream, are called soluble calories. empty calories. nutrient-dense calories. non-nutritive calories.

empty calories

obesogenic

environmental conditions that promote obesity, such as the availability of unhealthy foods, social and cultural norms that lead to high calorie consumption and lack of physical activity

Anabolic steroids are a type of anti-psychotic drug. hallucinogenic drug. ergogenic drug. testosterone-reducing drug.

ergogenic drug.

An addictive drug produced by fermentation is acetaldehyde. ethyl alcohol. dehydrogenase. congener.

ethyl alcohol.

David spends four hours a day lifting weights and is at the point of obsession about his fitness routine to the extent that he will miss classes and outings with friends so he can go to the gym. He most likely suffers from which of the following disorders? exercise addiction bulimia anorexia nervosa bipolar disorder

exercise addiction

Which of the following is the most energy-dense source of calories in the human diet? carbohydrates proteins fats water

fats

The average number of births a female in a given population has during her reproductive years is the...

fertility rate

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy can cause significant brain damage and other impairments in the fetus; this condition is known as teratogenic paralysis. alcoholic hepatitis. fetal cirrhosis. fetal alcohol syndrome.

fetal alcohol syndrome.

High-fiber diets may help decrease the risk of all of the following EXCEPT obesity. colon cancer. heart disease. fibromyalgia.

fibromyalgia.

Compulsive buying disorder is often associated with financial problems. eating. lying. exercise.

financial problems.

Which is NOT a good source of folate? spinach fish breakfast cereal bread

fish

One medium fruit serving is about the size of a(n) egg. checkbook. fist. golf ball.

fist.

The range if motion that a joint or series of joints can achieve is..

flexibility

The chief function of this mineral in the body is to make teeth resistant to decay and bones resistant to mineral loss. calcium fluoride magnesium phosphorus

fluoride

You have been looking at numerous newly built homes. The headaches and fatigue you are attributing to the stress of buying a new house may actually be due to exposure to...

formaldehyde

Training for muscular resistance can be dine using any of the following 3 methods:

free wights, weight machines, or your own body weight

Foods believed to have additional health benefits beyond the basic nutrition they provide are known as curative foods. functional foods. organic foods. health foods.

functional foods.

The body converts all forms of simple sugars into which of the following substances to provide energy to cells? glucose glycogen starch maltose

glucose

The form of a sugar that is stored in the liver and muscles and broken down when the body requires a burst of energy is glucagon. galactose. glycogen. glucose.

glycogen.

An Air Quality Index of 50 indicates that the air quality is...

good

Gases that accumulate in the atmosphere and contribute to global warming by tapping heat near Earth's surface are...

greenhouse gases

Addictive substances and behaviors eventually lose their hold on a person over time. do not necessarily have negative consequences. involve some type of substance abuse. have the potential to produce a positive mood change.

have the potential to produce a positive mood change.

morbidly obese

having a body weight 100 percent or more above healthy recommended levels; in an adult, having a BMI of 40 or more

super obese

having a body weight higher than morbid obesity; in an adult, having a BMI of 50 or more

Overweight

having a body weight more than 10 percent above healthy recommended levels; in an adult, having a BMI of 25 to 29.9

underweight

having a body weight more than 10 percent below healthy recommended levels; in an adult, having a BMI below 18.5

Obesity

having a body weight more than 20 percent above healthy recommended levels; in an adult, a BMI of 30 or more

Multivitamin-mineral supplements are generally NOT recommended for which of the following groups of people? pregnant women people on low-calorie weight loss diets patients with malabsorption problems or other significant health issues healthy individuals wanting to boost their energy levels

healthy individuals wanting to boost their energy levels

The least serious form of heat-related illness is..

heat cramps

Chemicals used to kill weeds and other vegetation are...

herbicides

The ideal cholesterol ratio for an individual would include high HDL and high LDL. low HDL and low LDL. high HDL and low LDL. low HDL and high LDL.

high HDL and low LDL.

After warming up, Ling alternates two minutes of moderate jogging with one minute of running as fast as she can, five times. She then cools down. The type of fitness routine Ling is engaging in is known as...

high-intensity interval training

When developing a strength- training program, if you want to increase muscular strength, you need..

higher intensity and fewer repetitions and sets

On a food product label, the amount shown as % Daily Value shows the number of calories in a serving. how many servings are in the package. how much of an average adult's allowance for a nutrient is in one serving. the food's nutrient-density score.

how much of an average adult's allowance for a nutrient is in one serving.

The physiological need to eat to sustain life is appetite. craving. hunger. nutrition.

hunger

Two hours in to a six-hour hike on a cool fall day, it begins to rain. Helena has no rain jacket or poncho, and is wearing only lightweight clothing. Helena is at increased risk for...

hypothermia

The safest way to thaw frozen food is in the refrigerator. on the kitchen counter. in warm water. in sunlight.

in the refrigerator.

An increase in the spread of foodborne illness could be attributed to all of the following EXCEPT uncoordinated and underfunded federal agencies. increased consumption of locally grown or raised food. the globalization of the food supply. insufficient education about food safety.

increased consumption of locally grown or raised food.

A large dose of cocaine can cause a sustained high. decreased heart rate and blood pressure. increased appetite and fatigue. increased heart rate and blood pressure.

increased heart rate and blood pressure.

Chemical vapors in household products such as varnish, glues, and gasoline are examples of inhalants. over-the-counter drugs. stimulants. club drugs.

inhalants.

The amount of effort needed during a workout to improve some aspect of fitness is exercise...

intensity

To help him fight his addiction to alcohol, Andy's physician has prescribed a drug that will make him feel intensely uncomfortable if he drinks alcohol. This type of response is called synergism. antagonism. intolerance. cross-tolerance.

intolerance.

The release of particle and electromagnetic rays from atomic nuclei during the normal process of disintegration produces

ionizing radiation

The most common nutrient deficiency in the world is iron deficiency. calcium deficiency. sodium deficiency. potassium deficiency.

iron deficiency.

The so-called pleasure circuit is activated when the pituitary gland releases hormones related to pleasure into the bloodstream. spans the brain, sensory receptors in the skin, and motor neurons attached to muscles. is also known as the mesolimbic dopamine system. includes the central nervous system, the endocrine system, and the immune system.

is also known as the mesolimbic dopamine system.

Mescaline is a depressant. is usually dried, crushed to a powder, and smoked. is derived from a cactus. has few side effects.

is derived from a cactus.

The milk sugar that some people can't digest properly is sucrose. glucose. lactose. fructose.

lactose

Marijuana today is not subject to state or federal drug laws. legal for medical purposes in 28 states. not able to be orally ingested. less of a health risk than it used to be.

legal for medical purposes in 28 states.

The human body does not excrete polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) but instead stores them in the...

liver

The main site of alcohol metabolism is the kidney. spleen. liver. colon.

liver.

The purpose of hydrogenating unsaturated fats is to make them more solid at room temperature. increase the levels of protein. reduce the amount of cholesterol. make them more liquid at room temperature.

make them more solid at room temperature.

The effects of fetal alcohol syndrome include passive and calm behavior. abnormally large head size. mental retardation. Down's syndrome.

mental retardation.

What substance in certain cigarettes numbs the throat to allow for deeper inhalation? carbon monoxide tar nicotine menthol

menthol

All of the following drugs are used to treat opioid addiction EXCEPT naltrexone (Trexan). buprenorphine (Temgesic). methamphetamine. methadone.

methamphetamine.

Ecstasy is a stimulant and a(n) narcotic. anesthetic. antidepressant. mild hallucinogen.

mild hallucinogen.

All the following are good sources of complex carbohydrates EXCEPT spinach. milk. oatmeal. carrots.

milk.

The amount of force that a muscle is capable of exerting is referred to as...

muscular strength

What substance in cigarettes is a highly addictive stimulant? carbon monoxide nicotine menthol tar

nicotine

Which nicotine replacement product requires a prescription? nicotine patch nicotine lozenges nicotine nasal spray nicotine gum

nicotine nasal spray

The science that studies food and nourishment, including food composition and the physiological effects of food on the body, is medicine. genetics. nutrition. biology.

nutrition.

Common food allergens include all of the following EXCEPT milk. eggs. peanuts. oats.

oats.

Melinda baked a piece of salmon for dinner. On the side, she had a large mixed-green salad topped with toasted walnuts. This meal is rich in probiotics pro-oxidants partially hydrogenated oils omega-3 fatty acids

omega-3 fatty acids

To check your pulse and determine your heart rate during aerobic exercise, it is best to place your index and middle fingers on arteries located...

on the side of neck or inside the wrist

The principle of fitness training that holds the body should be gradually required to do more than it is used to doing is..

overload.

In a fitness program, lifting an amount of weight that is moderately greater than what you are accustomed to is an example of:

overloading

Smog is sometimes called...

ozone pollution

Chemicals used to kill insects, rodents, weeds, and certain microorganisms are called...

pesticides

Tomi cooked a vegetarian stir-fry for dinner. He included slices of shallots, red pepper, carrots, spinach, and brown rice. This meal is rich in calcium. saturated fats. phytochemicals. legumes.

phytochemicals.

A driver is "usually impaired" at a blood alcohol concentration of 0.01 to 0.04 percent. 0.15 to 0.24 percent. 0.05 to 0.07 percent. 0.08 to 0.14 percent.

0.05 to 0.07 percent.

A driver is always impaired when he or she has a blood alcohol concentration of 0.05 percent or higher. 0.10 percent or higher. 0.08 percent or higher. 0.03 percent or higher.

0.08 percent or higher.

healthy weight

A BMI of 18.5 to 24.9, the range of lowest statistical health risk

Which of the following statements about dietary supplements is true? The FDA evaluates the safety of dietary supplements before they can be put on the market. A majority of Americans takes at least one dietary supplement. Supplements are best stored in the bathroom medicine cabinet. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends that Americans take multivitamin-mineral supplements to prevent cardiovascular disease and cancer

A majority of Americans takes at least one dietary supplement.

What is the difference between a portion and a serving? A serving amount is half the size of a portion. A serving is the recommended amount to be consumed, and a portion is the amount you choose to eat. A serving is the amount you choose to eat, and a portion is the recommended amount to be consumed. A serving amount is twice the size of a portion.

A serving is the recommended amount to be consumed, and a portion is the amount you choose to eat.

Which of the following is an FDA-approved prescription weight loss drug? A. Contrave B. hoodia C. Alli D. St. John's wort

A. Contrave

Aaron is trying to lose weight but he still wants a beverage while he is studying. A good choice might be... A. a cup of low-sodium broth B. a glass of wine C. a glass of cranberry juice cocktail D. an energy drink

A. a cup of low-sodium broth

When an individual's body increases its metabolic rate to compensate for an increased food intake, this is the process known as... A. adaptive thermogenesis B. enhanced metabolism C. digestion D. ketogenesis

A. adaptive thermogenesis

Middle-age weight gain is attributed to all of the following factors EXCEPT... A. age-related appetite increase B. slower BMR C. age-related muscle loss D. less physical activity

A. age-related appetite increase

Which of the following is TRUE about steroids? Adverse effects include mood swings, elevated cholesterol levels, acne, and hypertension. Use in intercollegiate sports has been increasing over the past two decades. They are used to produce a lean and streamlined physique and to enhance aerobic capacity. They are used more by women than men.

Adverse effects include mood swings, elevated cholesterol levels, acne, and hypertension.

Which of the following is TRUE with respect to global health and alcohol use? Alcohol is a factor in 30 types of diseases and injuries. The highest consumption levels can be found in the developing world. Almost 4 percent of all deaths worldwide are attributed to alcohol. At the same consumption level, men are more likely than women to develop cancer.

Almost 4 percent of all deaths worldwide are attributed to alcohol.

Which of the following is TRUE about environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)? Whereas mainstream smoke is the smoke exhaled by smokers, sidestream smoke is the smoke emitted from the end of a burning cigarette. Between 1988 and 2008, detectable levels of nicotine exposure in nonsmokers decreased. ETS has far fewer carcinogens, tar, and nicotine than mainstream smoke. As of 2016, all workplaces throughout the United States are required to be 100 percent smoke-free.

Between 1988 and 2008, detectable levels of nicotine exposure in nonsmokers decreased.

An NIAAA approach to reducing alcohol consumption on campus is Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students. motivational speakers with recovery messages. the Alcohol e-Check Up to Go (e-Chug). efforts to change the perceived frequency of drinking on campus.

Brief Alcohol Screening and Intervention for College Students.

Which of the following is a good tip for simple, healthy eating while going to college? Bring along snacks such as dried fruit, nuts, or a banana. Make sure half of what you eat is protein. Eat as much as possible when you can to avoid getting hungry later. Buy packaged foods to save money.

Bring along snacks such as dried fruit, nuts, or a banana.

How can you eat well and save money when living as a student on a tight budget? Buy prewashed and precut vegetables to save time. Snack on crackers or muffins rather than bananas or carrots because produce is too expensive for snacks. Buy and eat fruit and vegetables when they are in season. Buy large amounts of produce at one time.

Buy and eat fruit and vegetables when they are in season.

When a clinician measures a person's body fat by using x-rays to differentiate between bone, lean, and fat tissue, the process being used is the... A. hydrostatic method B. skinfold method C. DXA method D. BIA method

C. DXA method

When an individual's body increases its metabolic rate to compensate for an increased food intake, this is the process known as... A. ketogenesis B. enhanced metabolism C. adaptive thermogenesis D. digestion

C. adaptive thermogenesis

The minimum amount of energy the body uses to maintain vital functions is known as the... A. energy balance B. metabolic balance C. basal metabolic rate D. resting metabolic rate

C. basal metabolic rate

Which of the following is TRUE about routes of drug administration? Drugs can't be absorbed through the skin. Intravenous injection is the most dangerous method of administration. Drugs taken orally reach the bloodstream faster than drugs taken by inhalation. The least effective route of administration is by inhalation.

Intravenous injection is the most dangerous method of administration.

Which of the following is TRUE about psilocybin? Its physical effects wear off in 1-2 hours. It is similar to marijuana in its physical effects. It can cause hallucinations. It is the active chemical in a type of grass.

It can cause hallucinations.

What effect does carbon monoxide have on the body? It diminishes the oxygen-carrying capacity of the red blood cells. It irritates nasal passages and lung tissue. It diminishes hormone production. It binds with dopamine receptors to produce the pleasurable effects associated with smoking.

It diminishes the oxygen-carrying capacity of the red blood cells.

Which statement BEST summarizes what happens when particulate matter condenses in the lungs? It causes delirium tremens. It forms carbon monoxide. It paralyzes the cilia for up to an hour. It forms tar, which is a thick, brownish sludge.

It forms tar, which is a thick, brownish sludge.

Which of the following statements about nicotine is TRUE? It causes a drop in blood pressure. It is mildly addictive. It decreases production of adrenaline. It is a powerful central nervous system stimulant.

It is a powerful central nervous system stimulant.

Which of the following statements is TRUE of cocaine? It is a central nervous system depressant. It is available in only one form. It is sometimes prescribed in moderation as an antidepressant. It is an anesthetic and a stimulant.

It is an anesthetic and a stimulant.

Which of the following BEST describes appetite? It is not triggered by smells or taste. It is the social meaning attached to food. It is the same as hunger. It is more psychological than physiological.

It is more psychological than physiological.

Which of the following is NOT true about PCP? It can cause nausea and vomiting and reduce heart and respiratory rate. Its effects are unpredictable. It was first used as an anesthetic. It is still used for surgery in some states.

It is still used for surgery in some states.

Which of the following is FALSE about fiber? It softens stools by absorbing water. It adds bulk and roughage to the diet. It helps move foods through the digestive system. It is the digestible portion of plant foods.

It is the digestible portion of plant foods.

Which of the following is NOT true of methamphetamine? It takes long-term use to develop tolerance. It can be snorted, smoked, injected, or orally ingested. It can produce a high lasting over 8 hours when smoked. It destroys dopamine receptors.

It takes long-term use to develop tolerance.

Which of the following is NOT true about a hangover? Irritation of the stomach lining from increased production of hydrochloric acid can prompt nausea. Hangover signs and symptoms can include diarrhea and depression. Toxic forms of alcohol known as congeners may be a contributing factor. It usually takes 1-2 hours to recover from a hangover.

It usually takes 1-2 hours to recover from a hangover.

Which of the following is true about drug abuse treatment? In most cases, an addiction to drugs or alcohol can be considered cured once detoxification has been achieved. Only 10% of Americans addicted to drugs or alcohol receive treatment. Treating drug and alcohol abuse is much more costly in the long run than not treating. One out of every 100 Americans age 12 or older needed treatment for drug or alcohol abuse in 2015.

Only 10% of Americans addicted to drugs or alcohol receive treatment.

Which of the following is TRUE of drinking and driving? Twenty percent of all traffic fatalities are alcohol-related. Over the last 20 years, the percentage of intoxicated drivers involved in fatal crashes has decreased. More than 50 percent of college students report that they have driven after consuming alcohol. The majority of alcohol-impaired driving fatalities occur in the 16- to 20-year-old age group.

Over the last 20 years, the percentage of intoxicated drivers involved in fatal crashes has decreased.

Which of the following statements about Internet addiction is true? A majority of college students report that Internet use and computer games have interfered with their academic performance. An estimated 2% of Internet users experience Internet addiction. Middle-age adults are more likely to become addicted to the Internet than young adults. People with Internet addiction tend to have lower grades and poorer job performance than others who are not addicted.

People with Internet addiction tend to have lower grades and poorer job performance than others who are not addicted.

Which form of exercise helps develop core strength by combining stretching with movement against resistance, often involving the use of devices such as tension springs or heavy rubber bands?

Pilates

Which of the following is TRUE about Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs)? They are the amount of intake needed to prevent chronic disease. They are the reference standard for intake levels necessary to meet the needs of most healthy individuals. They are the highest amount of a particular nutrient that can be safely consumed on a daily basis. They are the recommended average daily intake by healthy people when the research is limited.

They are the reference standard for intake levels necessary to meet the needs of most healthy individuals.

Which of the following is TRUE about over-the-counter drugs? Some require a prescription. They are monitored under the care of a physician. They cannot be abused. They can be abused.

They can be abused.

Psychoactive drugs have which type of effect on the body? They depress or slow all body functions. They speed up energy metabolism and body movements. They potentiate the effect of other drugs on the nervous system. They enhance, suppress, or interfere with the actions of neurotransmitters.

They enhance, suppress, or interfere with the actions of neurotransmitters.

In hypothermia, death usually occurs when body core temperature drops to a. 75-80°F. b. below 95°F. c. 81-84°F. d. 87-90°F.

a. 75-80°F.

Which of the following countries has the largest population? a. China b. India c. Indonesia d. Nigeria

a. China

Which of the following statements about food waste is TRUE? a. Food waste is the largest source of U.S. municipal solid waste. b. Between 10 and 20 percent of the food produced worldwide never makes it into anyone's mouth. c. Americans waste nearly 25 percent of all edible food. d. Research suggests that most Americans do not realize they waste food

a. Food waste is the largest source of U.S. municipal solid waste.

Which of the following statements about the 1980 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act is TRUE? a. It established a Superfund to clean up hazardous waste sites throughout the United States. b. It established legal liability for industries that knowingly deposit hazardous wastes into the environment. c. It established financial incentives to encourage American farmers who chose to switch from traditional to organic methods of agricultural production. d. It authorized the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to develop mechanisms for monitoring pollution levels in soil and groundwater.

a. It established a Superfund to clean up hazardous waste sites throughout the United States.

Which of the following would NOT be good advice for someone who is purchasing running shoes? a. Make sure there is no extra room in the toe box. b. Make sure the shoes are made specifically for running. c. Make sure to try them on later in the day when feet have expanded. d. Make sure the shoes have good shock absorption.

a. Make sure there is no extra room in the toe box.

All of the following are ways to measure the intensity of cardiovascular exercise EXCEPT a. blood gas analysis. b. talk test. c. rating of perceived exertion. d. target heart rate.

a. blood gas analysis.

Which of the following is NOT a major health-related component of physical fitness? a. body image b. body composition c. muscular strength and endurance d. cardiorespiratory fitness

a. body image

The reduction in alcohol-related driving fatalities since the 1980s is due to zero tolerance laws and increased drinking age. an increased number of rehabilitation facilities. a decreased drinking age in many states. less restrictive enforcement of laws in some states.

zero tolerance laws and increased drinking age.