3 Branches of Government Review
Appeal
(judicial) when one party to a lawsuit requests a further hearing
Amnesty
(n.) a general pardon for an offense against a government; in general, any act of forgiveness or absolution
Legislative Branch
*CREATES or MAKES laws *Article I *Branch that has the power to DECLARE WAR *Branch that has the power to override a VETO with a 2/3 VOTE *Branch that has the power to approve of federal appointments - like Supreme Court Justices *Branch that has the power to create a FEDERAL BUDGET *535 members
Executive Branch
*ENFORCES or carries out laws *Article II*Branch that has the power to VETO a bill sent to it by CONGRESS because they want it to become a LAW *Branch that has the power to APPOINT federal JUDGES *Branch that has the power to LEAD the Armed Forces during a WAR *Branch that represents our nation in the world - they meet with leaders from other countries *35 years old *Natural Born Citizen *Resident for 14 years *Serves a 4 year term
Judicial Branch
*INTERPRETS laws *Branch that has the power to declare laws or actions by the government UNCONSTITUTIONAL *Article III *Serve for life *9 Justices *Consists of ALL the courts in the U.S. *Branch that has the power SENTENCE or decide the punishment for lawbreakers *Branch that has the power to SETTLE DISPUTES between STATES
Congress
*Main group within the LEGISLATIVE Branch *Collect taxes *Borrow Money *Declare War *Regulate Trade *Raise an Army *Impeach the president *Propose amendments
Senate
*Part of CONGRESS that each state is guaranteed TWO representatives *Must be 30 * Serves for 6 years *Leader is Vice President *Resident for 9 years *100 members total
House of Representatives
*Part of CONGRESS that has representation based on POPULATION *NC has 13 * Must be 25 *Resident for 7 years * Serves for 2 years *435 members
FIrst Continental congress
-55 delegates, Rhode island did not attend
Resolution
-A decision to do or not to do something
Quartering Act
-People had to keep soldiers in their homes -Replaced stamp act in 1765
Magna Carta
-Stated that King John had to respect certain basic rights
Bill of rights
-first 10 ammendments -Secures fundamental rightss
Political Philosophies/Policies
-protecting rights. Maintaining Democracy. Abiding by the constitution
Declaration of Independence
1776 philadelphia. LIberated colonies from british rule
Pardon
A declaration of forgiveness and freedom from punishment
Impeachment
A formal document charging a public official with misconduct in office
Electoral College
A group of people named by each state legislature to select the president and vice president
Unconstitutional
A law that is not agreeable with the constitution and is no longer valid
Bicameral
A legislature consisting of two parts, or houses
Cloture
A procedure for terminating debate, especially filibusters, in the Senate.
Bill
A proposal for a law
Reprieve
A respite; postponement of a sentence
Government
A system that governs and directs a society. The Regulation of public affairs.
Pocket Veto
A veto taking place when Congress adjourns within 10 days of submitting a bill to the president, who simply lets it die by neither signing nor vetoing it.
Veto
A vote that blocks a decision
Habeas Corpus
A writ that requires a person under arrest to be brought before court. The secured right to trial by jury.
Cabinet
Advisors to the President
Jurisdiction
An area of authority or control; the right to administer justice.
Elastic Clause
Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 of the Constitution; one of the powers of Congress that allows them to make any laws that are necessary and proper for carrying out their other powers. Also called the "Necessary and Proper Clause"
Exclusive Jurisdiction
Authority of only federal courts to hear and decide cases
Concurrent Jurisdiction
Authority shared by both federal and state courts
Petition of Rights
Certain rights and liberties that the king is unable to infringe on
Supremacy Clause
Clause stating that the constitution is the supreme law of the land
Assembly
Group of people with a common purpose.
President
Head of the EXECUTIVE Branch
Popular Sovereignty
Idea that POWER lies with the PEOPLE
Separation of Powers
Idea that PREVENTS one person or group from having too much CONTROL over the government
Checks and Balances
Idea that allows different branches of government to LIMIT the POWER of other branches of government
Separation of Powers
Idea that led to the Constitution creating the THREE BRANCHES of our government
Rule of Law
Idea that nobody is above the LAW
Social Contract
If citizens follow the law, the government will guarantee protection for their natural
Circuit Court
Intermediate federal appellate courts. Cover 13 "circuits" across America. Hear appeals from District Courts in their jurisdiction.
Supreme Court
Main group within the JUDICIAL Branch
Conservative
Minimal government involvement. People must work hard to make money. People are inherently selfish. Traditional Law
Anti-Fedralists
More State rights. Central government could be destructive.
Separation of Powers
PRINCIPLE that led to the creation of the THREE BRANCHES
Checks and Balances
PRINCIPLES that created the idea that each branch should have powers that LIMIT the powers of other BRANCHES
Self-Government
People can govern themselves. Minimal federal involvement.
Implied Powers
Powers not specifically mentioned in the constitution
Politics
Relating to governmental affairs
Sovereignty
Supremacy. A country that has independent authority and the power to set/enforce laws without being accountable to another party/ authority figure.
Rights of Englishmen
Traditional rights/ Civil protection. Rule of law, private property rights. Can be traced back to the Magna Carta, that protected people against government involvement
Legitimacy
acceptance of authority
natural rights
fundamental human rights that everyone is born with/ entitled to
Fedralism
large bounded government
Constituents
people a member of Congress represents
Expressed Powers
powers directly stated in the constitution
federalists
pro strong central government
Commerce
the buying and selling of goods
Compromise
to reach a consensus between two opposing sides
Secede
to withdraw alliance from ones own country