3 - endocrine

Which hormone is essential to our ability to maintain our fluid levels? a. aldosterone b. insulin c. cortisol d. thyroxine

a. aldosterone Mineralocorticoids like aldosterone regulate sodium and potassium metabolism and fluid balance.

25. Which pancreatic hormone functions to raise blood glucose levels? a. glucagon b. gastrin c. somatostatin d. insulin

a. glucagon Glucagon, produced by pancreatic alpha cells, increases blood sugar by stimulating glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis in the liver.

Which of the following glands increases blood calcium levels? a. parathyroid b. adrenal c. pituitary d. thyroid

a. parathyroid The parathyroid glands secrete PTH, which increases blood calcium levels.

Which of the following triggers the release of glucagon? a. Release of insulin b. A decrease in blood glucose levels c. Somatostatin d. Hyperglycemia

b. A decrease in blood glucose levels Insulin decreases blood sugar while glucagon raises blood sugar.

Which of the following hormones is stimulated by stress? a. prolactin b. adrenocorticotropic hormone c. thyroid-stimulating hormone d. follicle-stimulating hormone

b. adrenocorticotropic Adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulates the adrenal cortex to release corticosteroid hormones, most importantly glucocorticoids that help the body to resist stressors.

What type of stimulation controls parathyroid release? a. paracrine b. humoral c. neural d. hormonal

b. humoral The parathyroid is stimulated by the actual level of calcium in the blood rather than by neural or hormonal stimulus.

24. Which of the following exhibits an antagonistic relationship? a. PTH/aldosterone b. renin/ANP c. insulin/glucagon d. TSH/thyroxin

c. insulin/glucagon Insulin decreases blood sugar while glucagon raises blood sugar.