3: Gender, Sex, and Sexuality

The Seneca Falls Convention was held in Seneca Falls, New York in ________ It was the first women's rights convention which advertised itself as "a convention to discuss the social, civil, and religious condition and rights of woman"/\. 1870 1948 1848 1920

1848

sex:

a term that denotes the presence of physical or physiological differences between males and females

gender role:

society's concept of how men and women should behave

A person who is biologically female but identifies with the male gender is considered ________. a cross-dresser homosexual transgender

transgender

Although the Kinsey scale was developed in 1948 to explain a continuum of human sexuality rather than a simple dichotomy, why do most Americans still subscribe to the notion that a person is either gay or straight, with no in-between? Kinsey's work was discredited in later publications A person's sexual orientation is revealed at puberty. Children are socialized in a heteronormative society. Bisexuality is a myth.

Children are socialized in a heteronormative society.

Which of following is correct regarding the explanation for transgenderism? It is strictly biological and associated with chemical imbalances in the brain. Currently, there is no definitive sociological explanation for transgenderism. It is genetic and usually skips one generation. It is a behavior that is learned through socialization with other transgender individuals.

Currently, there is no definitive sociological explanation for transgenderism.

Which of the following is the best example of the role peers play as an agent of socialization for school-aged children? Peers tend to reinforce gender roles by criticizing and marginalizing those who behave outside of their assigned roles. Children can act however they wish around their peers because children are unaware of gender roles. Peers serve as a support system for children who wish to act outside of their assigned gender roles. Boys are more readily encouraged by their peers to defy gender roles than are girls.

Peers tend to reinforce gender roles by criticizing and marginalizing those who behave outside of their assigned roles.

example of gender

Refers to behavior, personal traits, and social positions that society attributes to being female or male

________ suggest that sexuality is another area in which power differentials are present and where dominant groups actively work to promote their worldview as well as their economic interests. Social conflict theorists Queer theorists Symbolic interactionist theorists Structural functionalist theorists

Social conflict theorists

Research presents evidence that homosexual and bisexual individuals are treated differently than heterosexual individuals in schools, the workplace, and the military, and experience frequent discrimination. Which of the following is an example of progress toward removing a systematic discriminatory practice? The equal employment opportunity commission (EEOC) has banned discriminatory hiring based on sexual orientation. The repeal of "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" in the armed forces. The North Carolina "bathroom bill" The Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA)

The repeal of "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" in the armed forces.

Which of the following is the best example of a gender stereotype? Women are typically shorter than men. Men do not live as long as women. Women tend to be overly emotional, while men tend to be levelheaded. Men hold more high-earning, leadership jobs than women.

Women tend to be overly emotional, while men tend to be levelheaded.

gender dysphoria:

a condition listed in the DSM-5 in which people whose gender at birth is contrary to the one they identify with. This condition replaces "gender identity disorder"

gender:

a term that refers to social or cultural distinctions of behaviors that are considered male or female

transgender:

a term used to describe people whose sense of personal identity does not correspond with their birth sex

cisgender:

an umbrella terms used to describe people whose sense of personal identity and gender corresponds with their birth sex

The dichotomous view of gender, the notion that someone is either male or female, is specific to certain cultures and is not universal. In some cultures gender is viewed as exponential. being fluid. being bicameral. being specifically tied to biology.

being fluid.

By marginalizing the rights of women through gender inequality, we protect them from otherwise dangerous pursuits. deny ourselves the opportunity to lift men, women and children out of poverty. build a strong family foundation with a matriarch at home. encourage them in their better-suited domestic endeavors

deny ourselves the opportunity to lift men, women and children out of poverty.

Belief that men have, or have the right to, more sexual urges than women creates a ________. double standard Hollywood culture cultural universal good marketing campaign

double standard

Only women are affected by gender stratification. True False

false

The terms "masculine" and "feminine" refer to a person's ________. Sex both sex and gender gender none of the above

gender

The term ________ is based on evidence that women and men are paid differently for similar work in the labor force, counting all full-time workers. gender pay gap gendered occupation analysis gender labor roles ability pay gap

gender pay gap

The term ________ refers to society's concept of how men and women are expected to act and how they should behave. gender role gender bias sexual attitudes sexual orientation

gender role

gender expression:

how one demonstrates gender (based on traditional gender role norms related to clothing, behavior, and interactions) can be feminine, masculine, androgynous, or somewhere along a spectrum

example of gender role

men being associated with masculine roles: strength, aggression, and dominance while females are associated with a feminine role- passive, nurturing, and subordinate

In ________ societies, men's contributions are seen as more valuable than those of women. Such perspectives and arrangements are widespread and taken for granted. labor intensive patriarchal hunter-gatherer privatized

patriarchal

One way children learn gender roles is through self-discovery adherence to social expectations. play. gender normative behavior.

play

intersex:

refers to a combination of primary sex characteristics

example of sex

reproductive system and secondary characteristics such as height and muscularity

The term sociologists use to describe physical or physiological differences between males and females, including both primary and secondary sex characteristics is referred to as a person's orientation stereotype gender sex

sex

According to ________, society is a struggle for dominance among social groups, like women versus men, that compete for scarce resources. symbolic interactionist theory structural functionalist theory standpoint theory social conflict theory

social conflict theory

sexism:

the prejudiced belief that one sex should be valued over another

gender identity:

the way that one thinks about gender and self-identifies, can be woman, man, or genderqueer

There is no single, conclusive explanation for why people are ________. Their expressions and experiences are so diverse that it is difficult to identify their origin. gender identified adherent to social identities male or female transgender

transgender

transsexual

transgender individuals who attempt to alter their bodies through medical interventions such as surgery and hormonal therapy- so that their physical being is better aligned with gender identity (same as transgender, but its an outdated term)

Individuals who identify with the role that is the different from their biological sex are called asexual. transgender. heterosexual. homosexual.

transgender.

Children learn at a young age that there are distinct expectations for boys and girls. Cross-cultural studies reveal that children are aware of gender roles by the age of four or five. three or four. six months. two or three.

two or three.