391-4Choice-FULL

.It is good practice to focus on the ____ of meetings. a.flow c.agenda b.planning d.results.

D

.Many companies have realized that information technology is integral to their business and have created a vice president or equivalent-level position for the head of information technology, often called the ____. a.CPO c.CEO b.CFO d.CIO.

D

.Quality metrics are an output of project ____. a.cost management c.integration management b.scope management d.quality management.

D

.The ____ model provides for progressive development of operational software, with each release providing added capabilities. a.spiral life cycle c.waterfall life cycle b.RAD life cycle d.incremental build life cycle.

D

.The project procurement management knowledge area maps to the ____ process group through the activity of administering procurements. a.initiating c.executing b.planning d.monitoring and controlling.

D

.The project scope management knowledge area maps to the ____ process group through the activities of scope verification and scope control. a.initiating c.executing b.planning d.monitoring and controlling.

D

.The project time management knowledge area maps to the ____ process group through the activity of schedule control. a.initiating c.executing b.planning d.monitoring and controlling.

D

.____ is a monitoring and controlling process. a.Develop project team c.Risk response planning b.Request seller responses d.Integrated change control.

D

A ____ is the hierarchy most people think of when picturing an organizational chart. a.project organizational structure c.matrix organizational structure b.system organizational structure d.functional organizational structure.

D

Administrative activities are often involved in ____, such as archiving project files, closing out contracts, documenting lessons learned, and receiving formal acceptance of the delivered work as part of the phase or project. a.monitoring and controlling processes c.initiating processes b.executing processes d.closing processes.

D

The outputs of ____ include change request status updates, project management plan updates, and project document updates. a.monitoring and controlling the project work b.closing the project c.developing the project management plan d.performing integrated change control.

D

____ is a problem-solving approach that requires defining the scope of the system, dividing it into its components, and then identifying and evaluating its problems, opportunities, constraints, and needs. a.Systems philosophy c.Systems troubleshooting b.Systems management d.Systems analysis.

D

.A(n) ____ often deals with the day-to-day details of meeting specific goals. a.manager c.programmer b.leader d.analyst.

a

.According to the Standish group, which of the following factors contributes most to the success of information technology projects? a.Executive support c.Experienced project manager b.User involvement d.Clear business objectives.

a

.Project ____ management involves defining and managing all the work required to complete the project successfully. a.scope c.time b.quality d.cost.

a

.Project ____ management is concerned with making effective use of the people involved with the project. a.human resource c.communications b.risk d.procurement.

a

.A ____ can have many different job descriptions, which can vary tremendously based on the organization and the project. a.project supervisor c.job coordinator b.project manager d.project coordinator.

b

.Achieving high performance on projects requires ____, otherwise called human relations skills. a.capital skills c.light skills b.soft skills d.hard skills.

b

.In ____, Henry Gantt developed the famous Gantt chart as a tool for scheduling work in factories. a.1897 c.1927 b.1917 d.1957.

b

.Some people say that ____ achieve the vision of a project. a.leaders c.stakeholders b.managers d.supervisors.

b

.The Manhattan Project cost almost $2 billion in ____. a.1936 c.1956 b.1946 d.1966.

b

Many organizations assert that using project management provides advantages, such as ____. a.lower profit margins c.less internal coordination b.lower costs d.lower worker morale.

b

The limitations of scope, time, and cost goals are sometimes referred to as the ____. a.double bind c.double constraint b.triple constraint d.double obstacle.

b

The project ____ usually provides the direction and funding for the project. a.leader c.manager b.sponsor d.director.

b

____ are the people involved in or affected by project activities and include the project sponsor, project team, support staff, customers, users, suppliers, and even opponents of the project. a.Managers c.Directors b.Stakeholders d.Citizens.

b

."All project leaders use a shared road map, focusing on key business aspects of their projects while integrating goals across all parts of the organization" describes the ____ best practice for project delivery. a.Use an integrated toolbox b.Grow project leaders c.Develop a streamlined project delivery process d.Measure project health using metrics.

c

.A(n) ____ focuses on long-term goals and big-picture objectives, while inspiring people to reach those goals. a.assistant c.leader b.programmer d.manager.

c

.According to the Standish Group study describing what factors contribute most to the success of information technology projects, ____ percent of successful projects are led by experienced project managers. a.75 c.97 b.80 d.100.

c

.Project ____ management involves generating, collecting, disseminating, and storing project information. a.risk c.communications b.procurement d.resource.

c

Because a project requires resources, often from various areas, many projects cross ____ or other boundaries to achieve their unique purposes. a.financial c.departmental b.spatial d.technological.

c

In the example of the project of building a house, the ____ would normally be the general contractor responsible for building the house. a.project sponsors c.project manager b.project team d.support staff.

c

.A Gantt chart is a standard format for displaying project schedule information by listing project activities and their corresponding start and finish dates in a ____ format. a.pie chart c.bar graph b.line graph d.calendar.

d

.In an interview with two chief information officers (CIOs), both men agreed that the most important project management skills seem to depend on ____. a.the difficulty of the project and the resources involved b.the difficulty of the task and the people involved c.the uniqueness of the project and the difficulty of the task d.the uniqueness of the project and the people involved.

d

.Most people agree that the modern concept of project management began with the ____. a.Great Wall of China c.Egyptian pyramids b.first space shuttle d.Manhattan Project.

d

.Project ____ management ensures that the project will satisfy the stated or implied needs for which it was undertaken. a.cost c.scope b.time d.quality.

d

.Project ____ management is an overarching function that affects and is affected by all of the other knowledge areas. a.cost c.integration b.quality d.time.

d

.What works on one project may not work on another, so it is essential for project managers to continue to develop their knowledge and ____ in managing projects. a.time c.funding b.resources d.skills.

d

.____ project management software integrates information from multiple projects to show the status of active, approved, and future projects across an entire organization. a.Investment c.Enterprise b.Active d.Budget.

d

In the example of the project of building a house, the project sponsors would be the potential ____. a.contractors c.managers b.support staff d.new homeowners.

d

.A PMO, or Project ____ Office, is an organizational group responsible for coordinating the project management function throughout an organization. a.Management c.Municipal b.Money d.Marketing.

A

.A ____ is a collection of project phases. a.project life cycle c.project planning cycle b.project feasibility d.project acquisition.

A

.A ____ is a document that includes details related to the identified project stakeholders. a.stakeholder register c.stakeholder directory b.stakeholder list d.stakeholder contact list.

A

.In early phases of a project life cycle, resource needs are usually ____ and the level of uncertainty is ____. a.lowest; highest c.lowest, lowest b.high, lowest d.highest, highest.

A

.In the ____ phase, the project team creates more detailed project plans, a more accurate cost estimate, and a more thorough WBS. a.development c.concept b.implementation d.close-out.

A

.Project managers have the least amount of authority in a pure ____. a.functional organizational structure c.matrix organizational structure b.project organizational structure d.circular organizational structure.

A

.The Project Management ____, a Web site for people involved in project management, provides an alphabetical directory of more than 300 project management software solutions. a.Center c.Consortium b.Alliance d.Facility.

A

.____ should serve as the foundation for deciding which projects to pursue. a.Strategic planning c.Successful past projects b.Project managers d.Employee abilities.

A

.____ the project involves taking the actions necessary to ensure that activities in the project plan are completed. a.Executing c.Starting b.Initiating d.Coordinating.

A

.____ tools are often recommended for small projects and single users. a.Low-end c.High-end b.Midrange d.Expensive.

A

.____ was an early project management software product that helped managers analyze complex schedules for designing aircraft. a.Artemis c.Vega b.Columbia d.Oberlin.

A

During ____ processes for a new project, the organization recognizes that a new project exists, and completes a project charter as part of this recognition. a.initiating c.opening b.planning d.controlling.

A

In a ____, program managers report to the CEO. a.project organizational structure c.matrix organizational structure b.system organizational structure d.functional organizational structure.

A

The ____ assumes that organizations are coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest groups. a.political frame c.structural frame b.symbolic frame d.human resources frame.

A

The ____ focuses on different groups' roles and responsibilities in order to meet the goals and policies set by top management. a.structural frame c.political frame b.human resources frame d.symbolic frame.

A

The project integration management knowledge area maps to the ____ process group through the activities of developing project charters. a.initiating c.executing b.planning d.monitoring and controlling.

A

____ include defining and authorizing a project or project phase. a.Initiating processes c.Executing processes b.Planning processes d.Monitoring and controlling processes.

A

____ involves working with stakeholders to create the document that formally authorizes a project. a.Developing the project charter b.Developing the preliminary project scope statement c.Developing the project management plan d.Directing and managing project execution.

A

.An organization may initiate information technology projects for several reasons, but the most important reason is to support ____. a.financial security c.technological advances b.business objectives d.shareholders.

B

.By the ____, the U.S. military and its civilian suppliers developed software to assist in managing large projects. a.1960s c.1980s b.1970s d.1990s.

B

.During the Cold War years of the 1950s and '60s, ____ continued to be key in refining several project management techniques. a.NASA c.steel manufacturing b.the military d.marine biology.

B

.In the ____ phase, the project team creates a definitive or very accurate cost estimate, delivers the required work, and provides performance reports to stakeholders. a.development c.concept b.implementation d.close-out.

B

.Many organizations are now using enterprise or project ____ management software to help manage projects. a.path c.institute b.portfolio d.office.

B

.Most trade schools, colleges, and universities did not start offering degrees in computer technology, computer science, management information systems, or other information technology areas until the ____. a.1950s c.1980s b.1970s d.1990s.

B

.Project managers have the most authority in a pure ____. a.functional organizational structure c.matrix organizational structure b.project organizational structure d.circular organizational structure.

B

.The ____ is often held after the business case and project charter are completed, but it could be held sooner, as needed. a.kick-off project c.launch meeting b.kick-off meeting d.launch project.

B

.The ____ model assumes that requirements will remain stable after they are defined. a.spiral life cycle c.prototyping life cycle b.waterfall life cycle d.RAD life cycle.

B

.The ____ model requires heavy user involvement, and developers use a model to generate functional requirements and physical design specifications simultaneously. a.RAD life cycle c.spiral life cycle b.prototyping life cycle d.incremental build life cycle.

B

.The ____ process involves gaining stakeholder and customer acceptance of the final products and services and bringing the project, or project phase, to an orderly end. a.ending c.developing b.closing d.completing.

B

.The project cost management knowledge area maps to the ____ process group through the activities of estimating cases and budget determination. a.initiating c.executing b.planning d.monitoring and controlling.

B

.____ is a planning process falling under the Project Integration Management knowledge area. a.Schedule development c.Create WBS b.Develop project management plan d.Quality planning.

B

.____ refers to the degree to which the organization monitors and responds to changes in the external environment. a.Means-ends orientation c.Conflict tolerance b.Open-systems focus d.Risk tolerance.

B

Examples of ____ include acquiring and developing the project team, performing quality assurance, distributing information, managing stakeholder expectations, and conducting procurements. a.monitoring and controlling processes c.planning processes b.executing processes d.initiating processes.

B

Projects involve ____ project management process groups. a.three c.eight b.five d.ten.

B

The ____ focuses on producing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of the people. a.structural frame c.political frame b.human resources frame d.symbolic frame.

B

The term "systems approach" emerged in the ____. a.1940s c.1960s b.1950s d.1970s.

B

There are ____ main processes involved in project integration management. a.three c.ten b.six d.fifteen.

B

____ describes a holistic view of carrying out projects within the context of the organization. a.Systems philosophy c.Systems analysis b.Systems thinking d.Systems approach.

B

____ include devising and maintaining a workable scheme to ensure that the project addresses the organization's needs. a.Initiating processes c.Executing processes b.Planning processes d.Monitoring and controlling processes.

B

____ is crucial in information technology projects because once a project team implements a new system, it takes a considerable amount of effort to change the system. a.Initiating c.Executing b.Planning d.Closing.

B

.A ____ is a meeting held at the beginning of a project so that stakeholders can meet each other, review the goals of the project, and discuss future plans. a.kick-off party c.kick-off meeting b.launch meeting d.project launch meeting.

C

.A ____ is an approach to help increase the support of stakeholders throughout the project. a.stakeholder management plan c.stakeholder management strategy b.stakeholder strategy d.stakeholder management list.

C

.A preliminary or rough cost estimate is developed in the ____ phase, and an overview of the work involved is created. a.implementation c.concept b.development d.close-out.

C

.In a ____ matrix organizational structure, the project manager controls the project budget and has moderate to high authority. a.weak c.strong b.balanced d.functional.

C

.Just as passing the CPA exam is a standard for accountants, passing the ____ exam is becoming a standard for project managers. a.PMI c.PMP b.PM d.PMO.

C

.PMI provides certification as a Project Management ____ (PMP), someone who has documented sufficient project experience and education, agreed to follow the PMI code of professional conduct, and demonstrated knowledge of the field of project management by passing a comprehensive examination. a.Producer c.Professional b.Practitioner d.Professor.

C

.The ____ characteristic of organizational culture describes the degree to which management's decisions take into account the effect of outcomes on people within the organization. a.member identity c.people focus b.group emphasis d.unit integration.

C

.The ____ model uses an approach in which developers work with an evolving prototype. a.incremental build life cycle c.RAD life cycle b.waterfall life cycle d.spiral life cycle.

C

.The ____ provides a basis for creating the project schedule and performing earned value management for measuring and forecasting project performance. a.WSB c.WBS b.project team analysis d.project tool.

C

.The longest path through a network diagram that determines the earliest completion of a project is called the ____ path. a.essential c.critical b.important d.vital.

C

.The project communications management knowledge area maps to the ____ process group through the activity of information distribution. a.initiating c.executing b.planning d.monitoring and controlling.

C

.The project procurement management knowledge area maps to the ____ process group through the activities conducting procurements. a.initiating c.executing b.planning d.monitoring and controlling.

C

.____ is a planning process falling under the Project Scope Management knowledge area. a.Schedule development c.Create WBS b.Develop project management plan d.Quality planning.

C

.____ is a set of shared assumptions, values, and behaviors that characterize the functioning of an organization. a.Organizational politics c.Organizational culture b.Organizational philosophy d.Organizational structure.

C

.____ is an iterative software development process that focuses on team productivity and delivers software best practices to all team members. a.RAP c.RUP b.RIP d.ROP.

C

.____ tools, sometimes referred to as enterprise project management software, provide robust capabilities to handle very large projects. a.Low-end c.High-end b.Midrange d.Inexpensive.

C

A common ____ is reporting performance, where project stakeholders can identify any necessary changes that may be required to keep the project on track. a.executing process c.monitoring and controlling process b.closing process d.planning process.

C

A research report showed that the U.S. spends ____ on projects every year. a.$2.3 billion c.$2.3 trillion b.$23 billion d.$23 trillion.

C

A research report showed that the U.S. spends the equivalent of ____ percent of the nation's gross domestic product on projects every year. a.10 c.25 b.20 d.50.

C

In a ____, personnel often report to both a functional manager and one or more project managers. a.project organizational structure c.matrix organizational structure b.system organizational structure d.functional organizational structure.

C

____ involves coordinating all planning efforts to create a consistent, coherent document. a.Developing the project charter b.Developing the preliminary project scope statement c.Developing the project management plan d.Directing and managing project execution.

C