4

pelagic deposit

A sediment sample dominated by microscopic lithogenous sediment grains would be classified as a ___________.

D

A. coccolithophores B. diatoms C. foraminiferans D. oolites E. radiolarians

E

A. halite and other salts B. manganese nodules C. metal sulfides D. phosphates E. tektites

A

A. siliceous ooze B. quartz sand C. rock fragments D. clay E. volcanic ash

stromatolites.

All the following are examples of hydrogenous sediment except :

on the continental shelf in deep trenches not far offshore

Of the following environments, where would you expect to find large amounts of lithogenous sediment? on the continental shelf on coral reefs that exist just below the water surface in deep trenches not far offshore along the mid-ocean ridge on the continental slope

manganese nodules coatings of metal sulfides near black smokers

Of the following sediments, which one(s) is/are considered hydrogenous? Of the following sediments, which one(s) is/are considered hydrogenous? manganese nodules abyssal clay black volcanic beach sand radiolarian ooze tests of foraminifers coatings of metal sulfides near black smokers

the biogenous component tends to be overwhelmed by the amount of lithogenous material derived from the nearby continent

Oozes are uncommon on continental margins because __________.

True

Organisms that live on the ocean floor may be responsible for keeping manganese nodules from being buried in the sediment.

less* than 30% biogenous* material.

Pelagic clays contain lots of material that settles to the seafloor through the water column and are:

False

Radiolarian tests are dissolved beneath the carbonate compensation depth.

hydrogenous sediments

Salt beds of the U.S. Gulf Coast are __________.

lithogenous (terrigenous) sediment.

Sediment that begins as rocks on continents or islands is called:

lithogenous.

Sediments derived from pre-existing rocks on land are called:

they are primarily composed of calcareous deposits of biological origin.

All the following are true concerning neritic sediment deposits except :

False

Calcareous ooze is found in cooler waters at depth around the world.

clay

You take a sediment sample from the ocean floor at a depth of 5500 m. The area has low biological productivity and the CCD is at 4500 m depth. Your sample will probably consist of __________.

Abyssal clays are more abundant in the Pacific than the Atlantic because calcareous oozes dissolve before reaching the sea floor in the latter ocean basin.

Based on this data, choose the statement that offers the best explanation for the differences in sediment abundance between the Atlantic and Pacific basins. PICHHHA

4

Calcareous oozes are represented by the number(s): PICHHA q58

low salinity

Calcium carbonate is most likely to dissolve in water with which characteristic?

True

Coastal sand dunes are usually well sorted due to winds.

ALLLL

Marine sediments provide valuable clues about which of the following Earth history events? the climate on Earth millions of years ago movement of the ocean floor past catastrophes, such as major extinction events the ancient geographical locations of ocean basins previous ocean circulation patterns

biogenous sediment

Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. coccolithophores

hydrogenous sediment

Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. halite

associated with glacial deposits

Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. ice rafting

hydrogenous sediment

Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. metal sulfides

biogenous sediment

Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. siliceous ooze

cosmogenous sediment

Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. tektites

associated with submarine canyons and deep-sea alluvial fans

Match the term or person with the appropriate phrase. turbidite

Coal

Ocean sediments provide all the following mineral resources except :

neritic.

Sediments found on continental margins are called:

a glacier.

Sediments that are poorly sorted were most likely deposited by:

well sorted

Sediments with all grains of about the same size are classified as __________.

cosmogenous.

Sediments with an extraterrestrial origin are called:

True

Tektites are glassy rock fragments created during impact events.

True

Texture refers to the size and shape of sediment particles.

quartz

The most abundant mineral in lithogenous sediments is __________.

abyssal plain far from a continent.

The most likely place to find abundant manganese nodules is on the:

True

The organisms that contribute to biogenous sediment are chiefly algae and protozoans.

tektites.

The particles found in some sediment that suggests that an extraterrestrial impact event are:

They all precipitate from water oversaturated in their respective minerals.

What do manganese nodules, metal sulfides, and evaporites all have in common?

The ooze accumulates above the CCD and then is covered before being transported to deeper depths by sea floor spreading.

Which of the following conditions allows for calcareous ooze to be found beneath the CCD? Select only one answer.

foraminiferans

Which of the following contains calcium carbonate (CaCO3)?

All the above factors are important.

Which of the following is not an important control on oceanic sediment accumulation? Which of the following is not an important control on oceanic sediment accumulation?

Diatoms Radiolarians

Which of the following organisms are responsible for the creation of siliceous ooze? Foraminifers Diatoms Radiolarians Coccolithophores