40 free exam questions

NOS

"not otherwise specified"

Retrograde Amnesia:

A loss of memory for events that occurred or information that was acquired prior to the trauma or other event that caused the amnesia.

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)

A rare, but potentially fatal side-effect of the anti psychotic drugs. It involves a rapid onset of motor, mental, and autonomic symptoms including muscle rigidity, tachycardia, hyperthermia, and altered consciousness. To avoid a potentially fatal outcome, the drug must be stopped as soon as symptoms develop.

Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia.

Flat affect, alogia, avolition.

Psychoanalytic theory.

Focuses on drives and amp: ego functions.

Narcissistic personality disorder.

Grandiose sense of self-importance, chronic exhibitionism, fantasies of unlimited success, difficulty dealing with criticism and/or indifference to others; extreme polarities of idealizing & devaluing others. Treatment: Supportive counseling, empathetic mirroring, increase capacity for empathy in relationships.

Aphasia

Impairment of language.

Sedative-Hypnotics (Benzodiazepines).

Includes the barbiturates, anxiolytics, and alcohol. These drugs are generalized CNS depressants (sedatives); a type of anxiolytic (inhibits anxiety). Side-effects include drowsiness, ataxia (uncoordinated movement), slurred speech, and other sighs of CNS depression; abrupt cessation can cause rebound hyper excitability. They are the most commonly prescribed anxiolytic; used to alleviate anxiety and treat sleep disturbances, seizures, cerebral palsy, and alcohol withdrawal. Common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, lethargy, slurred speech, and impaired psycho motor ability.

iatrogenic neurological disorder.

Medically induced disease resulting from any adverse acts or omissions of healthcare providers - RXs, medical negligence, errors or misjudgment.

Cyclothymic Disorder.

Mood disorder characterized by chronic, fluctuating mood with many hypomanic and many depressive symptoms for a period of at least 2 years. During the 2 years interval, hypomanic and depressive periods have occurred at least half the time and the patient has not been symptom free for more than 2 months at a time.

Major Depressive Disorder.

Mood disorder mood; vegetative or classic symptoms; significant weight gain/loss, insomnia/sleeping too much, feeling sad, angry, empty, worthless, hopeless; recurrent thoughts of death or suicide; at least 2 weeks duration. Treatment: Antidepressant; supportive therapy; Milieu Therapy, family/group therapies.

Psychopharmacology - Bipolor Disorder.

Mood stabilizers: Lithium, Tegretol, Depakote, Lamictal

MAOI (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors).

Nardil, Parnate, Marplan. Antidepressants that inhibit the enzyme that deactivates dopamine, norepinirine, and serotonin. MAOIs appear to be most effective for treating non-endogenous and atypical depressions.

Universalization.

Normalizing; problems presented as part of the human condition to reduce being seen as pathological.

Malingering.

One of DSM's "other conditions that may be a focus of clinical attention." Involves the intentional production of feigning of symptoms for the purpose of obtaining an external reward.

Borderline Personality Disorder.

Personality Disorder involving a pervasive pattern of instability in relationships and self-image; impulsive and unpredictable acting out, at times self-destructive. Treatment: supportive counseling, clear boundaries & limit setting: avoid splitting; help client verbalize rather than act on feelings.

Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

Psycho stimulant drug used to treat ADHD, common side-effect include dysphoria, decreased appetite, insomnia, and growth suppression.

Schizophreniform Disorder

Psychotic disorder; illness of less than 6 months duration of active-phase psychotic symptoms.

Brief Psychotic Disorder.

Psychotic disorder; sudden onset and duration of less than one month.

Avolition:

Reduction in goal oriented behavior. Negative symptom of schizophrenic / psychotic disorders.

Focusing Responses.

Social work interview techniques use to keep the conversation from wandering or jumping from one subject to another.

Psychoactive/Psychotropic Agents.

Their effects in various ways but all have one or two basic effects: either increase or decrease effectiveness of transmission at nerve synpses. The drugs also have side-effects that may interfere with a person's physical, psychological, and/or social functioning or well-being

Objective

Uninfluenced by personal feelings, interpretations, or prejudice; based on facts; unbiased. Oposite: subjective

SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Re uptake Inhibitors).

antidepressant drugs that include Prozac and Zoloft. Exert their effects by blocking the re uptake of serotonin. Takes several weeks to be effective. SSRIs have fewer side effects than other antidepressants; often cause loss of libido; may have paradoxical effect-agitation or suicidal idealization or manic symptoms.

Psychopharmacology - Anxiety

Benzodiazephines: Ativan, Xanax, Klonopin, Valium Effective quick uptake; short-acting; potential for addiction.

Elavil

Antidepressant

Obsessive - Compulsive Disorder.

Anxiety disorder; intrusive recurrent obsessions and/or compulsions distressing to the person; interferes with person's routine or function.

Specific Phobia

An anxiety disorder characterized by marked, persistent fear of specific object or situation other than those associated with agoraphobia or social phobia. Treatment involves imaginal or in vivo exposure.

Dissociative disorders.

Characterized by a disturbance in the normally integrative functions of identity, memory, consciousness, or perception of the environment. Trauma is common repentance and may occur in other disorders (e.g.: anxiety, PTSD).

Factitious Disorder.

Characterized by intentionally produced or feigned physical or emotional symptoms; motivate by wish to playing role of the sick person.

Intellectual Disability Disorder.

Diagnosis requires deficits in intellectual functioning, deficits in adaptive functioning, and onset during the developmental period; severity level determined by adaptive functioning in conceptual, social, and practical domains.

Conduct Disorder.

Disruptive behavior disorder; persistent pattern of behaviors that violate the rights of others and age appropriate social rules; aggression to people and animals, bullies, threatens or intimidates others, Onset can be in children prior to age 10 or adolescence with in 1 year

Anorexia Nervosa

Eating disorder; refusal to maintain a minimally normal body weight; fear of gaining weight; distorted body image. Treatment includes psychopharmacology, individual/family therapy, medical supervision, hospitalization, if necessary.

Confabulation.

Fabrication of experiences or situations in order to fill in and cover up gaps in memory.