7-2 Biology
lysosome
cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cells
mitochondrion
cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
vacuole
cell organelles that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
cytoskeleton
network of protein filaments within some cells that helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement
centriole
one of 2 tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope
ribosome
small particle in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and protein
nucleolus
small, dense region within the most nuclei in which the assembly of proteins begins
chromosome
thread-like structure within the nucleus containing the genetic info that is passed from one generation of cells to the next
chromatin
granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins
endoplasmic reticulum
internal membrane system in cells in which lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are modified
nuclear envelope
layer of 2 membranes that surrounds the nucleus of a cell
chloroplast
organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy
cytoplasm
portion of the cell outside the nucleus; work together with the nucleus; located in cell membrane
organelle
specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell;"little organs"
Golgi apparatus
stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum