7.2 - Temperature
If you wanted to know how much the temperature of a particular piece of material would rise when a known amount of heat was added to it, which of the following would be most helpful to know?
specific heat
Absolute zero on the Celsius temperature scale is -273.15 °C. What is absolute zero on the Fahrenheit temperature scale?
-459.67 °F
Which of the following cases (if any) requires the greatest amount of heat? In each case the material is the same.
0.50 kg of the material is to be heated by 31 C.
Which of the following cases (if any) requires the lowest amount of heat? In each case the material is the same.
0.75 kg of the material is to be heated by 10C.
Which one of the following temperatures is approximately equal to the typical temperature of a classroom?
293 K
The specific heat capacity of iron is approximately half that of aluminum. Two balls of equal mass, one made of iron and the other of aluminum, both at 90 °C, are dropped into a thermally insulated jar that contains an equal mass of water at 25 °C. Thermal equilibrium is eventually reached. Which one of the following statements concerning the final temperatures is true?
Both balls will reach the same final temperature.
Which would cause a more serious burn: 30 g of steam or 30 g of liquid water, both at 100 °C; and why is this so?
Steam, because of its latent heat of vaporization
Three thermometers are in the same water bath. After thermal equilibrium is established, it is found that the Celsius thermometer reads 0 °C, the Fahrenheit thermometer reads 12 °F, and the Kelvin thermometer reads 273 K. Which one of the following statements is the most reasonable conclusion?
The Fahrenheit thermometer is incorrect.
Three thermometers are placed in a closed, insulated box and are allowed to reach thermal equilibrium. One is calibrated in Fahrenheit degrees, one in Celsius degrees, and one in Kelvins. The Celsius thermometer reads -40 °C and the Kelvin thermometer reads 233 K. Which one of the following statements is necessarily true?
The Fahrenheit thermometer must read -40 °F.
The drawing shows two thin rods, one made from aluminum and the other from steel . Each rod has the same length and the same initial temperature and is attached at one end to an immovable wall, as shown. The temperatures of the rods are increased, both by the same amount, until the gap between the rods is closed. Where do the rods meet when the gap is closed?
The rods meet to the right of the midpoint.
Which one of the following statements correctly describes the Celsius and the Kelvin temperature scales?
The size of the degree on each scale is the same
Heat is added to a substance, but its temperature does not rise. Which one of the following statements provides the best explanation for this observation?
The substance undergoes a change of phase.
A liquid is in equilibrium with its vapor in a closed vessel. Which one of the following statements is necessarily true?
The temperature of the vapor is the same as that of the liquid.
Heat is added to a sample of water in an insulated container. Which one of the following statements is necessarily true?
The type of change that will occur depends on the original temperature of the water.
Which one of the following statements is the best explanation for the fact that metal pipes that carry water often burst during cold winter months?
Water expands upon freezing while the metal contracts at lower temperatures.
Two cubes, one silver and one iron, have the same mass and temperature. A quantity Q of heat is removed from each cube. Which one of the following properties causes the final temperatures of the cubes to be different?
specific heat capacity
Which one of the following would probably not be used as a temperature sensitive property in the construction of a thermometer?
the change in mass of a solid
Complete the following statement: The term heat most accurately describes
the flow of energy due to a temperature difference.
The units of heat are equivalent to those of which one of the following quantities?
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