A&P 1 Lab: Muscular system (Chapter 10) McGraw hill

Specify the function of the featured muscle.

Explanation The opponens digiti minimi muscle, one of the hypothenar muscles, assists in the opposition of the little finger (allows the little finger to touch the tip of the thumb). It originates from the hamate and flexor retinaculum, and inserts on the shaft of metacarpal V.

Identify the muscle that "unlocks" the knee joint from full extension.

In addition to maintaining the position of the femur on the tibia in full leg flexion, the popliteus muscle also helps "unlock" the knee joint from full extension via slight medial rotation of the tibia. This muscle also functions in lateral rotation of the thigh on the leg (weight-bearing). It originates from the lateral condyle of the femur and inserts on the posterior proximal shaft of the tibia.

Indicate the three components of the erector spinae muscle group.

Known as the "antigravity" muscles, the erector spinae muscle group functions to maintain posture and to help an individual stand erect. Specific actions include the unilateral movements of lateral flexion and rotation of the vertebral column and head, and the bilateral movements of extension of the vertebral column and head. The erector spinae muscles are organized into three groups of muscular columns (lateral to medial): iliocostalis, longissimus, and spinalis. These muscles share a common origin on the dorsal sacrum, iliac crest, and spinous processes. Insertions of each muscle component are as follows: Iliocostalis - ribs 1-12 and transverse processes (cervical); Longissimus - transverse processes (cervical and thoracic), ribs, and mastoid process; Spinalis - spinous processes (cervical and thoracic) and occipital bone.

Select the muscle that is important for powerful extension of the femur/thigh, but NOT important in walking.

One of the largest muscles of the body, the gluteus maximus muscle functions in powerful extension of the thigh, as well as lateral rotation and abduction of the thigh. It originates from the ilium (ala), sacrum, and coccyx; and it inserts on the iliotibial tract and the gluteal tuberosity of the femur.

Indicate the components of the "unhappy triad."

The "unhappy triad" consists of the tibial collateral ligament, medial meniscus, and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). It is given this name because injury to the knee region frequently involves these components. These components are commonly injured when excessive lateral force is applied to the knee region, as in cases of "clipping" in football. The tibial (medial) collateral ligament is a broad fibrous band located external to the fibrous capsule of the knee joint. It connects the medial condyle of the femur to the medial condyle and proximal shaft of the tibia. It is also fused with the outer margin of the medial meniscus. The medial meniscus is a semicircular cartilage located on the medial tibial plateau. Its outer border is thick and convex; whereas, its inner border is thin and concave. For some stability, this meniscus is attached to the tibial collateral ligament. Functionally, the medial meniscus deepens the articular surface for its corresponding condyle on the femur. The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), the thinner and weaker of the cruciate ligaments located inside the fibrous capsule of the knee, is a fibrous band joining the tibia to the femur. The ACL limits posterior excursion (sliding) of the femoral condyles on the tibial plateaus when the knee is flexed.

When one is suffering from a "pulled groin," which muscle is often involved?

The adductor longus muscle, an adductor of the thigh, originates from the body and inferior ramus of the pubis and inserts on the linea aspera of the femur. Innervated by the obturator nerve, it is often involved in a "pulled groin."

Match each label to its corresponding muscle of the forearm.

The anterior compartment muscles, pronator teres and pronator quadratus, rotate the radius across the surface of the ulna to pronate the forearm. Functioning antagonistically to these pronators, the supinator muscle, which is located in the posterior forearm, supinates the forearm as its name obviously implies. This muscle works synergistically with the biceps brachii muscle in supination of the forearm. The pronator teres muscle originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of the ulna, and inserts on the lateral mid-shaft of the radius. The deeper pronator quadratus muscle has its origin on the anterior distal shaft of the ulna, and its insertion on the anterior distal shaft of the radius. On the posterior forearm, the supinator originates from the posterior proximal shaft of the ulna and lateral epicondyle of the humerus, and it inserts on the lateral proximal shaft of the radius. All three muscles are innervated by the radial nerve.

Identify the action of the highlighted muscle.

The biceps brachii, a large, two-headed muscle on the anterior surface of the humerus, has its origins on the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula (long head) and the coracoid process of the scapula (short head). It has tendinous insertions on the radial tuberosity (tendon) and bicipital aponeurosis (deep fascia on proximal medial forearm). In addition to being a powerful supinator of the forearm when the elbow is flexed, this muscle facilitates flexion of the forearm and weak flexion of the arm (humerus).

Specify the action of the deep muscle, which lies on the anterior surface of the humerus.

The brachialis muscle, which lies deep to the biceps brachii and lies on the anterior surface of the humerus, is the most powerful flexor of the forearm at the elbow. This muscle originates from the anterior distal shaft of the humerus and inserts on the tuberosity and coronoid process of the ulna.

Identify the muscles whose tendons contribute to the calcaneal tendon.

The calcaneal tendon, also known as the "Achilles tendon," is formed by the union of tendons of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles, the triceps surae. Extending from the mid-leg region to the calcaneus (heel), this tendon is the strongest tendon of the body. Forming the calf muscle, the gastrocnemius is located superficially on the posterior leg. Its two bellies originate from the medial condyle of the femur (medial belly) and the lateral condyle of the femur (lateral belly); and both insert on the calcaneus. This muscle functions in plantar flexion of the foot and flexion of the leg. Also a plantar flexor of the foot, the soleus muscle is located deep to the gastrocnemius. It has its origin on the proximal posterior shafts of the tibia and the fibula, and its insertion on the calcaneus (through calcaneal tendon).

Identify the highlighted muscle, which is involved in lateral and medial rotation of the arm.

The deltoid muscle is also responsible for abduction, flexion, and extension of the arm. Its origin has three parts: the anterior part on the clavicle (lateral 1/3); the lateral part on the scapula (acromion); the posterior part on the scapula (spine). The muscle inserts on the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus, and is innervated by the axillary nerve.

Describe the action(s) of the posterior part of the featured muscle whose fibers originate from three different points.

The deltoid muscle, which is a thick, powerful muscle, has three parts (anterior, lateral, and posterior) as its fibers originate from three different points as follows: anterior part - clavicle (lateral 1/3); lateral part - acromion of scapula; posterior part - spine of scapula. All three fiber groups have a common insertion on the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus. These different fiber groups perform different functions: the anterior part flexes and medially rotates the arm; the lateral part abducts the arm; and the posterior part extends and laterally rotates the arm.

Identify the muscles of respiration that are highlighted and indicated by leader lines.

The diaphragm is the primary muscle of respiration as its dome flattens during inspiration; contraction of this muscle increases the vertical dimension of the thoracic cavity. It inserts on the central tendon and its origin has three parts: the sternal part (not always present) on the xiphoid process; the costal part on ribs 5-10 and their costal cartilages; and the lumbar part on the arcuate ligaments and L1-3 vertebral bodies. The external intercostal muscles elevate the ribs during inhalation to increase transverse dimensions (anterior-posterior, medial-lateral) of the thoracic cavity. These muscles originate from the inferior borders of ribs 1-11 and insert on the superior borders of ribs 2-12. On the contrary, the internal intercostal muscles depress the ribs during forced exhalation to decrease transverse dimensions of the thoracic cavity. These muscles have the same origin and insertion points as that of the external intercostal muscles.

Identify the muscles that extend the wrist/hand.

The extensor carpi radialis longus muscle is long and tapered, and located medial to the brachioradialis. It originates from the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus, and inserts on the base of metacarpal II. Functionally, it extends the wrist/hand and abducts the hand (lateral deviation). The extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle works synergistically with this muscle. It originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and inserts on the base of metacarpal III. In addition to extension of the wrist/hand, it abducts the hand (lateral deviation). The extensor carpi ulnaris muscle is located on the medial surface of the posterior forearm. It originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and posterior shaft of the ulna; it inserts on the base of metacarpal V, where it acts to extend the wrist and adduct the hand (medial deviation).

Determine the correct action of the featured muscle.

The extensor digitorum muscle extends fingers 2-5, and assists in extension of the wrist. It originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus, and the muscle splits into four tendons that insert the distal phalanges of fingers 2-5, on the extensor expansion (i.e. each expansion attaches distally to the middle and distal phalanges of fingers 2-5). Recall that extensor expansions (also known as dorsal expansions or hoods) are formed by tendons that flatten and expand over proximal phalanges.

Name the muscles whose tendons are subcutaneous on the dorsum of the foot.

The extensor hallucis longus muscle originates from the anterior shaft of the fibula and the interosseous membrane of the leg, and inserts on the distal phalanx of the hallux (great toe). It functions in extension of the hallux, and dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot. The extensor digitorum longus muscle has the same origin as that of the extensor hallucis longus muscle, but additionally originates from the lateral condyle of the tibia. It inserts on the distal phalanges of toes/digits 2-5, and functions in extension of these toes/digits, and the dorsiflexion and eversion of the foot.

Identify the muscle whose fibers run inferomedially.

The external abdominal oblique muscle originates from ribs 5-12 and their costal cartilages; it inserts at the linea alba and the iliac crest. Important in "straining" (e.g. lifting, defecation, urination, childbirth), this muscle also functions in respiration ("abdominal breathing"), unilateral rotation of the trunk, bilateral flexion of the trunk (sit-ups), and compression of the anterior abdominal wall and viscera (to increase intra-abdominal pressure). It is also important to note that this muscle's fibers are oriented at right angles to those of the deeper internal abdominal oblique muscle (together, they strengthen the abdominal wall).

Identify the muscle, and indicate its function.

The flexor pollicis longus muscle, which attaches to the distal phalanx of the thumb, functions in flexion of the thumb at its metacarpophalangeal (MP) and interphalangeal (IP) joints. It is the only muscle that flexes the distal phalanx of the thumb. Additionally, this muscle can weakly flex the wrist because it crosses the wrist joint. It has its origin on the anterior mid-shaft of the radius, the interosseous membrane, and the coronoid process of the ulna; and it inserts on the distal phalanx of the thumb.

What are the four rotator cuff muscles?

The four rotator cuff muscles are the subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor muscles. These muscles, which attach the scapula to the humerus, provide strength and stability to the glenohumeral joint. Specific actions of each muscle are as follows: Subscapularis - medial rotation of arm; Supraspinatus - abduction of arm; Infraspinatus - lateral rotation of arm; Teres minor - lateral rotation and adduction (weak) of arm.

Which muscle is attached to the posterior layer of the highlighted structure?

The highlighted structure is the thoracolumbar fascia, a deep fascia that has three layers: anterior, middle, and posterior. The latissimus dorsi muscle is attached to the posterior layer of this fascia, which invests (surrounds) deep muscles of the back and trunk. The thoracolumbar fascia is also continuous with deep fascia on the back of the neck.

The most powerful flexor of the hip is a single muscle formed from the merging of two individual muscles of the abdomen. Indicate the identity of the two muscles in the images.

The iliacus and psoas major muscles have different origins: iliacus on the iliac fossa and the sacrum (pelvic surface of ala), and psoas major on the transverse processes and bodies of T12-L5 vertebrae; but they share the common insertion on the lesser trochanter of the femur. Collectively, they merge and insert on the femur as the iliopsoas, and synergistically work together to flex the thigh.

Choose the correct function of the specified structure in the image.

The interosseous membrane of the forearm is a thick sheet of dense regular connective tissue located between the radius and ulna. In addition to separating the anterior (flexor) and posterior (extensor) forearm compartments, it helps keep the radius and ulna a fixed distance apart from one another and provides a pivot of rotation for the forearm. It also has openings to transmit blood vessels at the proximal and distal ends, and provides attachment for the deep muscles of the forearm.

Specify the action of the muscle that is highlighted in the image.

The latissimus dorsi muscle is a broad, triangular muscle located on the inferior part of the back. It has origins on the sacral and lumbar spines and the iliac crest via the thoracolumbar fascia, the lower four ribs, the spinous processes of T6-12 vertebrae, and the inferior angle of the scapula; and its insertion is on the floor of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus. In addition to being the prime extensor of the arm, the latissimus dorsi also functions in adduction and medial rotation of the arm, movements that are required for certain swimming strokes. Thus, it is referred to as the "swimmer's muscle."

Which muscle acts in closing the eyelid?

The orbicularis oculi, innervated by the facial nerve (CN VII), closes the eye when winking or blinking.

Correctly label each of the 3 highlighted muscles.

The orbicularis oris muscle, which also protrudes the lips (pucker), has its origin on the mandible (midline), the maxilla (midline), and the skin around the mouth as it blends with fibers from other facial muscles. Its insertion point encircles the mouth, on the skin and muscles at angles to the mouth. The masseter also protracts the mandible; it originates on the zygomatic arch and inserts on the mandible (external surface of angle and ramus). The temporalis muscle additionally retracts the mandible. Its origin is the temporal bone (fossa) and its insertion is the mandible (coronoid process and ramus).

What is the action of the muscle featured in the image?

The orbicularis oris, whose origin is the skin around the mouth, the mandible (midline), and the maxilla (midline), functions in closing/compressing the lips and protruding the lips, as in the puckering or kissing action. Its insertion point is the skin and muscles at angles to, and encircling, the mouth at the lips.

Determine which is the correct action of the featured muscle.

The pectoralis major muscle is responsible for the adduction, medial rotation, and flexion (clavicular head) of the arm, and also the extension of the arm from the flexed position (sternocostal head). It has its origin on two locations and insertion on one, as indicated: the clavicular head originates from the medial part of the clavicle; the sternocostal head originates from the sternum, costal cartilages 1-6, and aponeurosis of the external abdominal oblique muscle; and its insertion is on the humerus (lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus).

Both specified muscles are classified as muscles acting on the scapula. Identify each muscle.

The pectoralis minor muscle is responsible for stabilization of the scapula (holds it against the thoracic wall), protraction (abduction) of the scapula (assists serratus anterior) and lateral rotation of the scapula (depresses the acromion). It has its origin on ribs 3-5, and its insertion on the coracoid process of the scapula. The serratus anterior muscle is also responsible for stabilization and protraction of the scapula, as previously described; but it differs from the pectoralis minor muscle in that it facilitates medial rotation of the scapula (directs glenoid cavity superiorly). It originates from ribs 1-8, and inserts on the medial border of the scapula. The serratus anterior is also a prime mover in all reaching and pushing movements.

Match each label to its corresponding muscle of the quadriceps femoris.

The quadriceps femoris group is the prime mover in knee extension (extension of the leg). It is a composite muscle with four heads, as follows: the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius. The rectus femoris muscle is located on the anterior surface of the thigh. It originates on the anterior inferior iliac spine and the groove superior to the acetabulum, and inserts on the patella. As part of the quadriceps muscle group, the rectus femoris muscle facilitates extension of the leg. However, it is the only muscle of the quadriceps group that acts on the thigh (flexion). The vastus lateralis muscle forms the anterolateral surface of the thigh, and originates from the lateral side of the greater trochanter and linea aspera of the femur. Its insertion is on the patella via a common quadriceps tendon. The vastus medialis muscle forms the anteromedial surface of the thigh. Its origin is on the medial side of the intertrochanteric line and linea aspera of the femur; its insertion is on the patella via a common quadriceps tendon. The fourth muscle of the quadriceps femoris is the vastus intermedius muscle, which is positioned deep to the rectus femoris and sandwiched between the other two vastus muscles. Originating from the anterolateral surface of the femoral shaft, this muscle also inserts on the patella via a common quadriceps tendon.

Select the correct label and characteristic for each of the featured muscles.

The rectus abdominis muscle, which is encased in a fibrous (rectus) sheath and has three or four bellies separated by tendinous intersections, has its origin at the pubis (crest and symphysis) and its insertion at the sternum (xiphoid process) and costal cartilages 5-7. The transversus abdominis muscle, whose fibers run transversely across the abdomen, has multiple origins at the iliac crest, inguinal ligament, thoracolumbar fascia, and costal cartilages 7-12. It inserts at three locations as well: the pubic body; the linea alba; and the xiphoid process of the sternum. The external abdominal oblique muscle, whose fibers run inferomedially at right angles to those of the deeper internal abdominal oblique muscle, originates from ribs 5-12 and their costal cartilages, and it inserts at the linea alba and iliac crest. The internal abdominal oblique muscle, whose fibers run superomedially at right angles to those of the external abdominal oblique muscle, also has multiple origins at the inguinal ligament, iliac crest, and thoracolumbar fascia. It inserts at the linea alba and costal cartilages 7-10. All four muscles of the abdominal wall function together in respiration ("abdominal breathing"), and compression of the anterior abdominal wall and viscera. They are also important in "straining," as in lifting, defecation, urination, and childbirth, for example.

Choose the characteristic that most accurately applies to the muscle in the image.

The serratus posterior superior muscle originates from the spinous processes of C7-T3 vertebrae, and inserts on ribs 2-5 (superior border). Innervated by the ventral rami of T1-3 spinal nerves (intercostal nerves), this muscle functions in elevation of ribs 2-5 during inhalation.

Label the featured muscles, each of which attach to the mastoid process.

The splenius capitis muscle, which unilaterally rotates the head to the same side and bilaterally extends the head and neck, has its insertion point on the mastoid process of the temporal bone and the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone. The sternocleidomastoid muscle also has its insertion on the mastoid process of the temporal bone, but only the lateral one-half of the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone. It is responsible for the unilateral rotation of the head so that the face turns to the opposite side, and the bilateral flexion of the head. The digastric muscle, whose posterior belly inserts on the mastoid process, depresses the mandible (opens mouth) and elevates the hyoid bone.

Name the highlighted muscle, which originates at the medial clavicle and the manubrium of the sternum.

The sternocleidomastoid muscle has its origin at the medial clavicle and the manubrium of the sternum, and its insertion at the mastoid process of the temporal bone and the lateral one-half of the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone. It is responsible for the following actions: unilateral rotation of the head so the face turns to the opposite side; and bilateral flexion of the head.

What is the function of the highlighted muscle?

The supraspinatus muscle, one of the four rotator cuff muscles, originates from the supraspinous fossa and inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus. It functions in abduction of the arm, as well as stabilization of the glenohumeral joint by holding the humeral head in the glenoid cavity.

Identify the highlighted muscle. This muscle works synergistically with latissimus dorsi.

The teres major muscle is responsible for the same actions as that of the latissimus dorsi muscle: medial rotation, adduction, and extension of the arm. It originates from the inferior angle and inferior lateral border of the scapula, and inserts on the medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus.

Indicate the featured muscle, which has its origin on the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone, the nuchal ligament, and spinous processes T1-T12.

The trapezius muscle also has its origin on the vertebra prominens (spinous process of C7 vertebra) and the spinous processes of T1-12 vertebrae. This muscle is responsible for different actions, according to its groupings of fibers, as follows. Upper fibers: elevation of scapula; superior rotation of scapula (glenoid cavity directed superiorly); Middle fibers: retraction (adduction) of scapula; Lower fibers: depression of scapula.

Describe the action of the muscle specified in the image.

The trapezius muscle originates from the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone, the nuchal ligament, vertebra prominens, and the spinous processes of T1-12 vertebrae. It inserts on the clavicle and scapula (spine and acromion), and is innervated by the accessory nerve (CN XI). Its actions depend on which fibers are activated: the upper fibers function in elevation and superior rotation of the scapula (glenoid cavity directed superiorly); the middle fibers function in retraction (adduction) of the scapula; and the lower fibers act in depression of the scapula.

Identify the action of the highlighted muscle.

The triceps brachii muscle is the large, three-headed muscle located on the posterior surface of the arm. Originating on the infraglenoid tubercle (long head) and the shaft of the humerus (medial and lateral heads), and inserting on the olecranon of the ulna, this muscle is the prime extensor of the forearm at the elbow. Thus, it is antagonistic to the prime action of the biceps brachii muscle. Additionally, the long head of the triceps brachii muscle helps extend the arm (humerus) as it crosses the glenohumeral joint.

Place the images of these muscles in the appropriate category.

There are 4 muscles that belong to the rotator cuff group. "SItS" = supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

Identify the muscles that flex the wrist/hand.

These superficial muscles are arranged from the lateral to the medial surface of the anterior forearm as follows: flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, and flexor carpi ulnaris. The flexor carpi radialis muscle, which flexes the wrist/hand and abducts the hand at the wrist (lateral deviation), extends diagonally across the anterior surface of the forearm. It originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus and inserts on the base of metacarpals II and III. The narrow, superficial palmaris longus muscle, which is absent on one or both sides in 10-14% of individuals, is a weak flexor of the wrist and functions in tension of the palmar aponeurosis. Its origin is on the medial epicondyle of the humerus, and its insertion is on the palmar aponeurosis. The flexor carpi ulnaris muscle, located on the anteromedial side of the forearm, flexes the wrist and adducts the hand at the wrist (medial deviation). It has its origin on the medial epicondyle of the humerus and the olecranon and posterior border of the ulna. It inserts on the pisiform and hamate carpal bones, and on the base of metacarpal V.

What is the action of the pectoralis major muscle?

adduction of arm

Which of the following is an action of latissiumus dorsi?

adduction of arm

What is the action of the pectoralis major muscle?

adduction of armrest

What is the action of the adductor magnus muscle?

adduction of thigh

Which structure is highlighted?

adductor longus

Which structure is highlighted?

adductor magnus

Which structure is highlighted?

axon of motor nerve

Which structure is highlighted?

biceps brachii

What is the action of the temporalis muscle?

both retracts and elevates the mandible

Which structure is highlighted?

brachialis

Which structure is highlighted?

branched cardiac muscle fiber

Which structure is highlighted?

buccinator

Which structure is highlighted?

calcaneal tendon

Which structure is highlighted?

deltoid

What is the insertion of the highlighted muscle?

deltoid tuberosity

Which structure is highlighted?

diaphragm

Which structure is highlighted?

erector spinae

What is the action of the extensor digitorum muscle?

extension of fingers 2-5

What is the action of the triceps brachii muscle?

extension of forearm

What is the action of the quadriceps femoris muscle?

extension of the leg

Which structure is highlighted?

extensor carpi radialis brevis

Which structure is highlighted?

extensor carpi ulnaris

Which structure is highlighted?

extensor digitorum

Which structure is highlighted?

extensor digitorum longus

Which structure is highlighted?

external abdominal oblique

Which structure is highlighted?

external intercostal muscle and membrane

Which structure is highlighted?

fibularis longus and brevis

What is the action of the biceps brachii muscle?

flexion of forearm

What is the action of the gastrocnemius muscle?

flexion of lower leg

What is the action of the iliopsoas muscle?

flexion of thigh

What is the action of the rectus abdominis muscle?

flexion of trunk

Which structure is highlighted?

flexor carpi radialis

Which structure is highlighted?

flexor digitorum brevis

Which structure is highlighted?

flexor digitorum longus

Which structure is highlighted?

flexor digitorum superficialis

Which structure is highlighted?

frontalis

Which structure is highlighted?

gastrocnemius

Which structure is highlighted?

gluteus maximus

Which structure is highlighted?

gluteus medius

Which structure is highlighted?

gracilis

Which structure is highlighted?

iliacus

Which structure is highlighted?

iliopsoas

Which structure is highlighted?

iliotibial tract

Which structure is highlighted?

infraspinatus

Which structure is highlighted?

intercalated disc

Which structure is highlighted?

internal abdominal oblique

Which structure is highlighted?

internal intercostals

Which structure is highlighted?

latissimus dorsi

Which structure is highlighted?

linea alba

Which structure is highlighted?

masseter

What is the insertion of the highlighted muscle?

mastoid process

What is the origin of the highlighted muscle?

medial part clavicle and manubrium of sternum

Which structure is highlighted?

motor end plate

Which structure is highlighted?

nucleus of cardiac muscle fiber

Which structure is highlighted?

nucleus of skeletal muscle fiber

Which structure is highlighted?

nucleus of smooth muscle fiber

Which structure is highlighted?

occipitofrontalis

Which structure is highlighted?

orbicularis oculi

Which structure is highlighted?

orbicularis oris

Which structure is highlighted?

pectoralis major

Which structure is highlighted?

pectoralis minor

What is the action of the soleus muscle?

plantar flexion of foot

Which structure is highlighted?

platysma

What is the action of the pronator teres muscle?

pronation of forearm

Which structure is highlighted?

pronator teres

Which structure is highlighted?

psoas major

Which structure is highlighted?

quadriceps femoris

Which structure is highlighted?

rectus abdominis

What is the unilateral action of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

rotation of head to opposite side

Which structure is highlighted?

rotation of the trunk

Which structure is highlighted?

sartorius

Which structure is highlighted?

semimembranosus

Which structure is highlighted?

semitendinosus

Which structure is highlighted?

serratus anterior

Which structure is highlighted?

skeletal muscle fiber

Which structure is highlighted?

smooth muscle fiber

Which structure is highlighted?

soleus

Which structure is highlighted?

splenius capitis

Which structure is highlighted?

subscapularis

What is the action of the trapezius muscle?

superior rotation of scapula

What is the action of the supinator muscle?

supination of forearm

Which structure is highlighted?

supinator

Which structure is highlighted?

supraspinatus

Which structure is highlighted?

tensor fascia lata

Which structure is highlighted?

teres major

Which structure is highlighted?

teres minor

Which structure is highlighted?

tibialis anterior

Which structure is highlighted?

tibialis posterior

Which structure is highlighted?

transverse abdominis

Which structure is highlighted?

trapezius

Which structure is highlighted?

triceps brachii