A&P Ch 18.1-18.2 (a) Endo overview & Pituitary and Hypothalamus

Name the two functional parts of the pituitary. 1. Adenohypophysis 2. Sphenoidal pituitary 3. Lateral pituitary 4. Posterior pituitary

1, 4

The hypophysis is also known as the _____ gland. A. pineal B. pituitary C. thymus D. parathyroid

B. pituitary

The endocrine gland frequently known as the master gland due to its control of many other glands is the...gland.

pituitary

Which of the following are characteristics of the pituitary gland? Select all that apply. 1. Influences the secretion of other endocrine glands 2. Located superior to the hypothalamus 3. Is regulated by the thyroid gland. 4. Rests in the sphenoid bone 5. Secretes several major hormones

1, 4, 5

Name hormones produced by the hypothalamic neurons. Select all that apply. 1. Oxytocin and prolactin 2. Growth hormone-releasing hormone 3. Insulin 4. Corticotropin-releasing hormone

2, 4

Identify the type of hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary gland. A. Neurohormones B. Transcriptional hormones C. Interstitial hormones D. Chiasmatic hormones

A. Neurohormones

This system consists of a network of primary capillaries in the hypothalamus, a group of small vessels that travel down the stalk, and a complex of secondary capillaries in the anterior pituitary. It is the ______ portal system. A. hypothalamohypophyseal B. hepatic C. hypothalamoneural

A. hypothalamohypophyseal

Together the adenohypophysis and the neurohypophysis form the ______. A. pituitary gland B. pineal gland C. adrenal gland D. pancreas

A. pituitary gland

The structure that controls the pituitary gland is the...

hypothalamus

What is the hypothalamic-pituitary portal system? A. A nerve tract connected to the brain B. A capillary network that transports releasing and inhibiting hormones from the hypothalamus C. A passageway from the beta cells in the pancreas D. The anatomical dividing line between the thyroid and parathyroid

B. A capillary network that transports releasing and inhibiting hormones from the hypothalamus

What is the stalk of tissue called that connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus? A. Neurohypophysis B. Infundibulum C. Sella turcica D. Epithalamus

B. Infundibulum

Which hypothalamic hormones stimulate the pituitary to secrete its own hormones? A. Epinephrine B. Releasing hormones C. Acetylcholine

B. Releasing hormones

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone are produced by ______. A. the adrenal cortex B. hypothalamic neurons C. the thymus D. beta cells in islets

B. hypothalamic neurons

Tropic hormones are also known as ______ hormones. A. inhibiting B. releasing

B. releasing

The pituitary gland is controlled by the ______, which is closely associated with it both anatomically and physiologically. A. pineal gland B. thyroid gland C. hypothalamus D. thymus gland

C. Hypothalamus

The pituitary is also known as the ______. A. pineal gland B. follicle C. hypophysis D. sphenoid

C. sphenoid

Define neurohormones. A. Hormones secreted by the thyroid which specifically target nerve cells B. Hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary that act upon the thyroid gland C. Compounds secreted into the synaptic cleft between neurons D. Hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary gland

D. Hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary gland

What is the endocrine system? A. The glands and cells that release product into ducts located throughout the body B. The system that activates neurons C. A minor control system of the body D. The glands, tissues and cells that secrete hormones

D. The glands, tissues and cells that secrete hormones

The glands, tissues, and cells that secrete hormones constitute the...system.

Endocrine

The structure that lies inferior to the thalamus and plays an important role in both the nervous and endocrine systems is the...

Hypothalamus

The pituitary gland is connected to the hypothalamus by a stalk of tissue called the...

Infundibulum