A&P Ch 19 Vessels
Which of the following blood pressure readings would be indicative of hypertension?
170/96 in a 50-year-old man
Which statement best describes arteries?
All carry blood away from the heart
Site where resistance to blood flow is greatest. Site where the blood volume is greatest. Site where exchanges of food and gases are made. Site where the velocity of blood flow is fastest.
Arterioles Large Veins Capillaries Large Arteries
Which will NOT occur if blood pressure drops below homeostatic levels?
Barorecptors in the carotid sinuses and aortic arch will be stimulated.
Which of the following is the most significant source of blood flow resistance?
Blood vessel diameter
Which blood vessels lack elastic tissue?
Capillaries and venules
Blood flow is ________ proportional to the difference in blood pressure. Blood flow is ________ proportional to the total peripheral resistance.
Directly Inversely
The velocity of blood is slowest in the capillaries and pressure of blood is lowest in the veins. Which of the following is NOT an accurate description of the benefits of slow, low pressure blood in the capillary beds?
Lower pressure in the capillary bed helps to increase pressure in the venous circulation.
Vessels that carry blood away from the heart and are named by the organs they supply (renal) are
Muscular arteries
Supplies the kidney. Supplies the distal areas of the large intestine. Largest artery of the body.
Renal artery Inferior mesenteric arter Arota
Which structural layer of blood vessels is most responsible for maintaining blood pressure?
Tunica media
Which of the following would NOT result in the dilation of the feeder arterioles and opening of the precapillary sphincters in systemic capillary beds?
a local increase in ph
The term ductus venosus refers to ________.
a special fetal vessel that allows umbilical blood to bypass the liver
The short-term controls of blood pressure, mediated by the nervous system and bloodborne chemicals, primarily operate via all but which of the following?
altering blood volume
The release of which hormone is most likely to cause a reduction in blood volume and pressure?
atrial natriuretic peptide
During a marathon which of the following hormones is least likely to be released by the runner?
atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
Permitting the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of ________.
capillaries
Reduction in the concentration of albumin in blood plasma would alter capillary exchange by ________.
decreasing colloid osmotic pressure and edema will occur
Which of the choices below reflects the balance (or imbalance) between the direction and amount of fluid that flows across the capillary walls?
hydrostatic and osmotic pressure
In general, it is expected that ________.
hydrostatic pressure will drop as blood moves away from the arteriole end of the capillary bed
Peripheral resistance ________.
increases as blood viscosity increases
Which of the following statements regarding the hepatic portal system is false?
it branches off the inferior vena cava
Where in the body would you find low oxygen levels causing vasoconstriction and high levels causing vasodilation?
lungs
Which of the following processes provides a long-term response to changes in blood pressure?
renal regulation
A thrombus (blood clot) in the first branch of the arch of the aorta would affect the flow of blood to the ________.
right side of the head and neck and right upper arm
The influence of blood vessel diameter on peripheral resistance is ________.
significant because resistance is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the vessel radius
These capillaries may be lined with phagocytes that can extend their process into the plasma to catch "prey."
sinusoid
In red bone marrow newly formed blood cells enter the circulation. You would expect to see many ________ type of capillaries in red bone marrow.
sinusoid capillaries
Which of the following is least involved in pulmonary circulation?
superior vena cava
The pulse pressure is ________.
systolic pressure minus diastolic pressure
Histologically, the ________ is squamous epithelium supported by a sparse connective tissue layer.
tunica intima
Factors that aid venous return include all EXCEPT ________.
urinary output
