A&P ch. 7 Muscular
Where in the muscle fiber is calcium stored
Endoplasmic reticulum
The opposite movement of rotation is
Immobility, inaction or fixed.
A person picks up a pencil, thus flexing the elbow. Contraction of the biceps brachii muscle during flexion is mainly
Isotonic
Contraction of the masseter muscle causes what action?
Mouth closes
Which of these is usually under conscious control
Skeletal muscle
A term describing movement of a body part away from the midline of the body
abduction
Moving a part of the body away from the midline of the body is called
abduction
The protein that makes up the thin myofilaments
actin
The thin myofilament of the skeletal muscles is made of
actin
Moving a part of the body toward the midline of the body is called
adduction
Endurance training leads to
an increased number of blood vessels to the muscle
The muscle that flexes the elbow is the
biceps brachii
Which of the following muscles is a muscle that moves the upper extremities
biceps brachii, triceps brachii and the latissimus dorsi
According to the sliding filament model, in order for a sarcomere to contract
bridges must form between the actin and myosin, ATP must be broken down for energy and calcium must be released from the endoplasmic reticulum
A fluid-filled sac that acts as a lubricating structure for muscle movement is a(n)
bursae
Intercalated disks are found in
cardiac muscle
Tonic contractions
do not shorten the muscle and are important in maintaining posture
The term that refers to ankle and foot movement is
dorsiflexion
Tension during muscle lengthening is often called
eccentric contractions
A term used to describe the movement that is opposite of flexion
extension
The orbicularis oris muscle can be found in the
face
The loose connective tissue outside the muscle organs that forms a flexible, sticky "packing material" between the muscles, bone, and skin is called
fascia
Groups of muscle fibers are called
fascicles
If a muscle is stimulated repeatedly without adequate rest, the strength of the contraction decreases, resulting in
fatigue
The movement that makes the angle between two bones at their joint smaller than it was at the beginning of the movement is called
flexion
What part of the body does the masseter move
head and neck
What part of the body does the sternocleidomastoid move
head and neck
What part of the body does the zygomaticus move
head and neck
The waste product produced when the muscle must with to an energy supplying process that does not require oxygen
lactic acid
What part of the body does the biceps femoris move
lower extremities
What part of the body does the gastrocnemius move
lower extremities
Another name for muscle cell
muscle fiber
Calcium triggers the contraction of a
muscle fiber
The protein that makes up the thick myofilaments
myosin
The thick myofilament of the skeletal muscles is made of
myosin
Each skeletal muscle is filled with two kinds of myofilaments called
myosin and actin
What allows you to lift different weights with the same muscle is the
number of motor units used by the muscle
That point of attachment that does not move when the muscle contracts is the
origin
The movement that is opposite dorsiflexion is
plantar flexion
A muscle that directly performs a particular movement
prime mover
Which of the following muscles is a muscle of the trunk
rectus abdominis, internal oblique and the external oblique
The following are hamstring muscles except
rectus femoris
When calcium is released into the sarcomere
removes the blocking protein from the actin
Movement around a longitudinal axis is
rotation
The basic contractile unit of a skeletal muscle is the
sarcomere
The basic functional unit of contraction in a skeletal muscle
sarcomere
The contractile unit of a muscle cell is the
sarcomere
The three types of muscle tissue are
skeletal, smooth, and cardiac
The functions of muscles include the following except
storage
The hand position when the body is in an anatomical position
supination
The hand position when the body is in anatomical position is
supination
A bursae is a saclike structure that is filled with
synovial fluid
The connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone is called
tendon
The minimal level of stimulation required to cause a fiber to contract is called the
threshold stimulus
Another name for smooth muscle is
visceral muscle and/or involuntary muscle
The molecule that applies energy for muscle contraction
ATP
Strength training leads to
an increased number of myofilaments
The minimal level of stimulation required to cause a fiber to contract is called
a threshold stimulus
What part of the body does the sartorius move
lower extremities
A single motor neuron with all the muscle cells it innervates is called a
motor unit
A single motor neuron with all the muscle fibers it innervates is called
motor unit
The muscle attachment to the more movable bone is called the
insertion
Smooth muscles can also be called
involuntary, visceral or nonstriated muscles
A type of muscle contraction that does not produce movement and does not allow muscle to shorten but does increase muscle tension
isometric
A contraction in which muscle length remains the same but muscle tension increases is called a(n)
isometric contraction
The muscle contracts but does not shorten, even though an increase in muscle tension does occur. This sentence describes
isometric contractions
A type of muscle contraction that produces movement in a joint and allows the muscle to shorten
isotonic
The muscle contracts and shortens and the insertion end moves toward the point of origin
isotonic contractions
Which of the following muscles is not a muscle of the head and neck
latissimus dorsi
Which of the following systems play a role in body movement
nervous system, respiratory system and the circulatory system
The point of contact between the nerve and the muscle fibers it stimulates is called a
neuromuscular junction
The muscle attachment to the more stationary bone is called the
origin
The muscle attachment to the more stationary bone is the
origin
Because this muscle is responsible for delivering blows during fights, it is often called the boxer's muscle
triceps brachii
The external and internal oblique muscles can be found in the
trunk
What part of the body does the external oblique move
trunk of the body
What part of the body does the rectus abdominis move
trunk of the body
This is a quick, jerky response to a stimulus seen in isolated muscles but is not important in normal muscle activity
twitch contraction
What part of the body does the deltoid move
upper extremities
What part of the body does the pectoralis major move
upper extremities
Another name for skeletal muscle is
voluntary muscle
Skeletal muscles can also be called
voluntary muscles
If you weigh 120 pounds, your skeletal muscles weigh about
50 pounds
Cardiac muscle makes up the bulk of the tissue of the
heart
Exercise may cause an increase in muscle size called
hypertrophy
The bone attachment to the more movable bone is the
insertion
Plantar flexion
Causes you to stand on your toes
The three functions of the skeletal muscle
movement, posture, heat production
Which of the following muscles is a muscle that moves the lower extremities
sartorius, iliopsoas and the gracilis
Striations are found in
skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle
An explanation of how a skeletal muscle contracts is the
sliding filament theory.
Hypertrophy can be enhanced by
strength training
When a muscle contraction occurs
the Z lines are pulled closer together
When a muscle fiber is subjected to a stimulus, it contracts completely. This is called
the all-or-none-law
If a prime mover flexes a joint
the antagonist will extend the joint
If an injury caused damage to the insertion of the biceps brachii muscle (the anterior muscle of the upper arm), the injury would be nearest
the elbow
To produce smooth movement at a joint
the prime mover and synergists must contract
The minimal level of stimulation required to cause a muscle fiber to contract
threshold stimulus
The following are types of muscle contractions except
titanic