PHARM CH 51 PREPU

A male client has cirrhosis and is receiving diuretic therapy. The nurse knows that what drug will help prevent metabolic alkalosis or hypokalemia in this client? a. Spironolactone b. Bumetanide c. Hydrochlorothiazide d. Dyazide

Spironolactone

The nurse assesses a client receiving furosemide for: a. Hypotension b. Hypoglycemia c. Hypercalcemia d. Acidosis

a. Hypotension

A nurse notes that a newly admitted client is currently prescribed both a loop diuretic as well as a thiazide diuretic. The nurse understands what primary rationale for the concurrent use of these two drugs? a. Increased diuretic effect b. Increased adherence to treatment c. Decreased blood pressure without a risk of bradycardia d. Reduced risk of potassium imbalances

a. Increased diuretic effect

The nurse is teaching a 62-year-old client about hydrochlorothiazide, which the health care provider has prescribed for treatment of hypertension. What statement, made by the client, suggests that the client understands the teaching? a. "I must take my medication on an empty stomach." b. "I will need to stand slowly." c. "I can jump right into action!" d. "I will need to make sure that I am consuming enough sodium."

b. "I will need to stand slowly."

A client is receiving hydrochlorothiazide. The nurse would expect this drug to begin acting within which time frame? a. 1 hour b. 2 hours c. 3 hours d. 4 hours

b. 2 hours

A client receives a dose of furosemide intravenously at 8:00 AM. The nurse would expect this drug to exert is peak effects at which time? a. 8:15 AM b. 8:30 AM c. 8:45 AM d. 9:00 AM

b. 8:30 AM

A male client has cirrhosis of the liver that has caused ascites. The nurse knows that what condition may occur if diuretics are used to reduce the ascites? a. Ammonia absorption b. Hepatic encephalopathy c. Hepatomegaly d. Subtherapeutic drug levels

b. Hepatic encephalopathy

As part of a class presentation, a nursing student is describing the actions of the different diuretics. Which medication would the student include as exerting its diuretic effect by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions in the ascending portion of the loop of Henle and the early distal tubule of the nephron? a. Spironolactone b. Hydrochlorothiazide c. Acetazolamide d. Furosemide

b. Hydrochlorothiazide

A nurse obtains an allergy history from a client based on the understanding that which class is associated with a cross-sensitivity reaction with sulfonamides? a. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors b. Thiazide diuretics c. Potassium-sparing diuretics d. Osmotic diuretics

b. Thiazide diuretics

What substance is reabsorbed in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle? a. glucose b. sodium c. water d. amino acids

b. sodium

A patient with a longstanding diagnosis of chronic renal failure has experienced a significant decline in urine output in recent days, prompting him to seek care at a local clinic. A nurse at the clinic has suggested to a colleague that the administration of a diuretic such as hydrochlorothiazide may improve the patient's urine output. How should the colleague best respond to this suggestion? a. "That would probably help, but we'd have to do blood work first." b. "Maybe, but hydrochlorothiazide affects the bladder more than the kidneys." c. "Actually, patients with renal failure usually can't take hydrochlorothiazide." d. "That would only work if he could come in twice a day to get it intravenously."

c. "Actually, patients with renal failure usually can't take hydrochlorothiazide."

An older adult client with a history of heart failure has presented to the emergency department in respiratory distress. Assessment reveals the presence of pulmonary edema, and an infusion of IV furosemide has been prescribed. For the duration of treatment, the nurse should prioritize assessments related to which expected age-related dysfunctions? Select all that apply. a. Respiratory function b. Cognitive function c. Hepatic function d. Cardiac function e. Renal function

c. Hepatic function d. Cardiac function e. Renal function

When describing where bumetanide acts, what would the nurse include? a. Proximal convoluted tubule b. Collecting tubule c. Loop of Henle d. Glomerulus

c. Loop of Henle

A patient receives furosemide intravenously at 9 AM. The nurse would expect to assess peak effects of the drug at which time? a. 10:00 AM b. 9:15 AM c. 10:30 AM d. 9:30 AM

d. 9:30 AM

A nurse is providing patient teaching for a 62-year-old woman who is taking triamterene. The nurse will teach the patient to avoid what in her diet? a. Fresh pineapple b. Bell peppers c. Mushrooms d. Avocados

d. Avocados

Diuretics increase the production and output of urine. Which statement helps explain how diuretics achieve these effects? a. Diuretics increase the reabsorption of electrolytes in the kidneys. b. Diuretics have no effect on reabsorption. c. Diuretics increase production of nephrons. d. Diuretics reduce the reabsorption of water in the kidneys.

d. Diuretics reduce the reabsorption of water in the kidneys.

A client prescribed both an ACE inhibitor and a beta-blocker for the treatment of hypertension has been consistently obtaining blood pressure readings in the vicinity of 145/90 mm Hg. As a result, the client's primary health care provider has prescribed furosemide. What order would be most consistent with this client's health needs? a. Furosemide 20 mg IV OD b. Furosemide 40 mg IV TID c. Furosemide 125 mg PO OD d. Furosemide 40 mg PO BID

d. Furosemide 40 mg PO BID

The pharmacology instructor is discussing the differences among the various diuretic agents. Which would the instructor cite as a difference between spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide? a. Spironolactone is more likely to be taken with a potassium supplement. b. Potassium losses are greater with spironolactone than with hydrochlorothiazide. c. The two diuretics act in different parts of the nephron. d. Potassium losses are greater with hydrochlorothiazide than with spironolactone.

d. Potassium losses are greater with hydrochlorothiazide than with spironolactone.

The nurse is caring for an older adult client who receives furosemide on a regular basis. The nurse should prioritize assessments related to what health problem? a. hypernatremia b. dysrhythmias c. urinary retention d. dehydration

d. dehydration

Which diuretic will most likely be the initial drug of choice when a client demonstrates dyspnea related to pulmonary edema? a. spironolactone b. hydrochlorothiazide d. mannitol e. furosemide

e. furosemide