A&P CH16

Match each tunic of the eyeball to its components. Instructions

- Tunica fibrosa: sclera and cornea-Tunica vasculosa: choroid, cilary body, and iris-Tunica interna: retina and beginning of the optic nerve

Select all that apply Cerumen does which of the following?

-Inhibits bacterial growth-Keeps the tympanic membrane pliable-Waterproofs the ear canal

Which are functions of the vitreous body?

-Keeps retina smooth -Maintains intraocular pressure

Which are types of photoreceptor cells?

-Rods -Cones

The inner layer of the eye contains which of the following?

-Start of optic nerve -Retina

What wavelengths of light are visible to the human eye?

400-700 nm

What fluid is secreted by the ciliary body?

Aqueous humor

Which fluid is secreted by the ciliary body and fills the anterior cavity of the eye? Multiple choice question.

Aqueous humor

Which is also known as the external acoustic meatus?

Auditory canal

Which is located in the middle ear?

Auditory ossicles

Infections of the throat may be transmitted to the middle ear via which of the following?

Auditory tube

Which structure connects the nasopharynx to the middle ear?

Auditory tube

Select all that apply Equilibrium refers to perception of which of the following? Choose three of the options below.

Balance Coordination Orientation in space

Select all that apply Which sensory modalities are mediated by inner ear structures?

Balance Hearing

The axons of bipolar sensory neurons leave the spiral organ to form which nerve?

Cochlear

Which types of sensory receptors consist of free nerve endings?

Cold receptors Warm receptors Nociceptors

Which visual defect can be detected using this image?

Color blindness

Which type of photoreceptor is primarily responsible for photopic (day) vision and trichromatic (color) vision? Multiple choice question.

Cone cell

Which processes help focus an image on the retina during the near response?

Convergence of the eyes Constriction of the pupil Accommodation of the lens

Which structures are part of the outer, fibrous layer of the eyeball?

Cornea Sclera

Vision is the perception of which of the following?

Electromagnetic radiation

Which term refers to coordination, balance, and orientation in three-dimensional space?

Equilibrium

True or false: As we age, the near point of vision decreases.

False

Which term refers to the outermost layer of the eyeball?

Fibrous

The retina is part of which tunic of the eyeball?

Inner

Pressure waves are transduced into neural signals in which section of the ear?

Inner ear

Which layer of the eyeball includes the retina?

Internal

Which layer of the eyeball includes the retina? Multiple choice question.

Internal

Which structures are part of the vascular layer of the eyeball?

Iris Choroid Ciliary body

Which statement about the pupillary constrictor is true?

It narrows the pupil.

Select all that apply List the components of the lacrimal apparatus.

Lacrimal gland Lacrimal ducts

The vitreous body, or humor, is a jelly-like substance located between what two structures of the eye?

Lens and retina

Most encapsulated nerve endings are which of the following? Multiple choice question.

Mechanoreceptors

Which section of the ear runs from the tympanic membrane (ear drum) to the oval window of the cochlea?

Middle ear

What are the neural components of the eye?

Optic disc Retina

The beginning of the inner ear is a membrane-covered opening called which of the following?

Oval window

Which is an opening between the middle ear and the vestibule of the inner ear?

Oval window

Which can be defined as discomfort resulting from tissue damage or exposure to noxious stimuli?

Pain

______ is a sensory modality mediated by specialized receptors called nociceptors.

Pain

The pupillary constrictor muscle is under direct control of which branch of the nervous system?

Parasympathetic

Which type of receptor responds to light? Multiple choice question.

Photoreceptor

Rods and cones are examples of which of the following?

Photoreceptor cells

Which term refers to any structure specialized to detect a stimulus?

Receptor

As light passes through different mediums, its path will bend. What is this called?

Refraction

Which term refers to the bending of light rays as they pass through objects of different density?

Refraction

Which structure contains photoreceptors?

Retina

Match each photopigment to the type of retinal cell that produces it. Instructions Drag

Rhodopsin - Rods Photopsin - Cones Melanopsin- Ganglion cell

Which type of stimulus will maximally activate the sensory receptors within the semicircular ducts?

Rotational motion

Select all that apply Which cochlear chambers contain perilymph?

Scala vestibuli Scala tympani

Which term refers to the posterior, white portion of the fibrous layer?

Sclera

Rod cells are primarily responsible for which type of vision?

Scotopic

What are the components of the vestibular apparatus? Choose three answers from the list below.

Semicircular ducts Saccule Utricle

Select all that apply What are the components of the vestibular apparatus? Choose three answers from the list below.

Semicircular ducts Utricle Saccule

Which term refers to sensory receptors accompanied by accessory tissues that facilitate transduction of a stimulus?

Sense organ

An electrical signal generated in the retina travels along a specific pathway in the nervous system to reach the visual cortex in the brain. Which term describes that pathway?

Sensory projection pathway

Where are free nerve endings most abundant?

Skin and mucous membranes

Which term refers to any audible vibration of molecules? Multiple choice question.

Sound

The auditory canal is a passageway through which bone?

Temporal

What is a sensory projection pathway?

The neural pathway followed by sensory signals on their way to the brain

Which type of receptor is specialized to respond to hot and cold stimuli? Multiple choice question.

Thermoreceptor

What is the function of the lens?

To focus light onto the retina

What is the function of the lacrimal apparatus?

To produce and drain tears

What is the primary function of the tympanic membrane?

To transmit sound vibrations to the auditory ossicles

What is the primary function of a sensory receptor?

Transduction

______ is the conversion of one form of energy to another. In biology, it is used to describe the conversion of stimulus energy into an electrical signal in the nervous system. Multiple choice question.

Transduction

What is the function of the middle ear?

Transmit sound waves to the inner ear

What is the primary function of the outer ear?

Transmitting sound vibrations to the tympanic membrane

What is the primary function of the outer ear? Multiple choice question.

Transmitting sound vibrations to the tympanic membrane

True or false: Inverted images are focused onto the retina by the lens.

True

What is the anatomical name for the eardrum?

Tympanic membrane

The choroid, ciliary body, and iris belong to which of the three tunics of the eye? Multiple choice question.

Vascular

The ciliary body is part of which tunic of the eye?

Vascular

Together, the utricle, saccule, and semicircular ducts comprise which of the following?

Vestibular apparatus

The cochlear nerve and the vestibular nerve come together to form which cranial nerve?

Vestibulocochlear (VIII)

Sound is produced by which of the following?

Vibrating objects pushing against air molecules

The duplicity theory of vision holds that a single receptor system cannot produce both high sensitivity and high resolution. What does this theory explain?

Why we have both rods and cones

Ear ossicles are tiny ______.

bones

Earwax, also called , is a protective, sticky secretion of ear canal glands. It waterproofs the ear canal and inhibits bacterial growth.

cerumen

The _________ is a highly vascular, deeply pigmented portion of the vascular tunic located behind the retina.

choroid or Choroid

Which structure secretes the aqueous humor?

ciliary body

The body is an extension of the choroid that supports the iris and lens of the eye.

ciliary or Ciliary

Which are the photoreceptors that are primarily responsible for photopic (day) and trichromatic (color) vision?

cone

The ______ is the translucent anterior section of the fibrous layer (tunic) of the eye.

cornea or Cornea

The cochlea contains receptors for which sense?

hearing

The ______ ear consists of the cochlea and the vestibule which are organs important for the senses of hearing and balance.

inner

The visual adjustment that is made when you go from a dark or dimly lit area to a brighter area is called _________ adaptation.

light

The visible bumps on the tongue are not taste buds, but instead are called ________ papillae.

lingual

What are the visible bumps on the tongue called?

lingual papillae

Click and drag on elements in order List the ossicles of the middle ear in order, starting with the ossicle closest to the tympanic membrane.

malleus incus stapes

Most encapsulated nerve endings are ______.

mechanoreceptors

The ________ point of vision refers to the closest an object can be to the eyes and still be focused.

near

The term ________ " response" refers to the processes involved in focusing on close objects.

near

The sense of smell is also known as ______. Multiple choice question.

olfaction

The ______ ducts of the inner ear are specialized to detect rotational head movements (angular acceleration).

semicircular

What is olfaction?

sense of smell

A ________ is a receptor that responds to temperature (heat and cold).

thermoreceptor, thermoreceptors, or Thermoreceptor

The vascular layer of the eye is also called the ______. Multiple choice question.

uvea

The choroid is ______.

very vascular

The ________ body is a jelly-like substance located between the lens and the retina of the eyeball.

vitreous or Vitreous

The __________ body is a jelly-like substance located between the lens and the retina of the eyeball.

vitreous or Vitreous