A&P EXAM
Kidney transplant patients must take immunosuppressive drugs for
a lifetime
Dental plaque is composed of
bacterial matrix and a combination of food particles.
A moist compact mass of food in the esophagus is called
bolus
Food enters the stomach in the form of ________ and exits as ________.
bolus; chyme
The collecting system delivers urine to the
calyces.
The process of compaction starts in the
cecum.
Degeneration and replacement of liver cells by fibrous connective tissue results in
cirrhosis.
The area of the nephron under control of ADH is the
collecting tubules.
Progressive dehydration of indigestible foods is called in large intestine
compaction
The superficial granular region of the kidney is called the
cortex
The common waste product generated by skeletal muscle is
creatine
The hepatic portal system is responsible for
delivering blood to the liver for nutrient concentration adjustments.
Colorectal cancers are correlated to
diets low in fibe
Which of the following activities occurs in the oral cavity?
digestion of carbohydrates
The portion of the small intestine that receives chyme and digestive secretions is the
duodenum.
esophagus-What is the structure labeled "A"?
esophagus
The tube that transports food to the stomach is the
esophagus.
The ninety-degree turns of the colon are called
flexures.
The tongue is attached to the floor of the oral cavity by the
frenulum
The arteriole network where filtration occurs is called the
glomerulus
hard plate- The structure labeled "A" is the
hard palate
Filtration of blood plasma across an artificial membrane is called
hemodialysis.
The medial point of entry and exit to the kidney is called the
hilum
The flow of material into the large intestine is controlled by the
ileocecal valve.
Ridges and fold within the GI tract function to
increase surface area.
Fingerlike projections in the small intestine are called
intestinal villi.
Most chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occurs in the
jejunum.
kidney- structure labeled "B" is the
kidney
Materials that cannot enter the blood from the intestine directly enter the
lacteal
In the absence of ADH, an individual will produce
large amounts of dilute urine.
large intestine-What is the structure labeled "C"?
large intestine
The nutrients that are NOT absorbed in the small intestine are instead absorbed the
large intestine.
liver-What is the structure labeled "B"?
liver
The appendix is primarily an organ of the ________ system.
lymphatic
medulla - region of the kidney indicated by the letter "A" is the
medulla
The functional unit of the kidney is called the
nephron
Chief cells in adults secrete
pepsinogen.
Rhythmic and coordinated timed waves of contractions in the muscularis layer result in
peristalsis that propels food.
Which plasma component is typically NOT contained in filtrate?
plasma proteins
The soft palate is located ________ to the hard palate
posterior
prostate. - structure that is gender-specific in Figure 17.5 is the
prostate.
Crushing and shredding of food occurs mostly in the ________ region of the tract and is called ________.
proximal; mechanical processing
The release of chyme into the duodenum is regulated by the
pyloric sphincter.
A conical section of the renal medulla extending from the cortex is called the
pyramids
renal column- structure labeled "B" is the
renal column
Decline of filtration is called
renal failure
The dense fibrous layer that anchors the kidney to surrounding tissues is called the
renal fascia
renal pyramid - structure labeled "A" is the
renal pyramid
The milk digestion enzymes found in infants and children are
rennin and gastric lipase.
This segment of GI tract is taken from the
small intestine.
The upper and lower esophageal sphincters are composed of
smooth muscle.
soft palate-The structure labeled "B" is the
soft palate
HCl is secreted by specialized cells in the
stomach
Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?
thermoregulation
The common waste by-product of protein metabolism is
urea
ureter- The structure labeled "A" is the
ureter
Muscular tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder are the
ureters
Urethra - The structure labeled "C" is the
urethra
The common waste product of RNA metabolism is
uric acid
The structure that helps prevent food from entering the pharynx prematurely is the
uvula
The muscular tube through the body used for digestion is known as the
GI tract
ADH stimulates the appearance of
aquaporins(water transport channels)
The kidney region labeled "C" is the
cortex
Intrinsic factor is produced to enhance
vitamin B12 absorption.
adrenal gland- structure labeled "A" is the
adrenal gland
The amount of gastric juice produced each day is approximately
1500mL.
The kidneys, at rest, receive about ________ percent of cardiac output.
25%
The osmotic pressure of urine is more concentrated than plasma by a factor of
4
The circular folds and villi of the small intestine collectively increase surface area for absorption by a factor of
600
The small intestine is responsible for ________ percent of nutrient absorption.
90%
Movement of organic molecules, electrolytes, vitamins, and water across the digestive epithelium and into the interstitial fluid of the digestive tracts is called
absorption
Which of the following is NOT an organ of the urinary system?
adrenal gland