A&P EXAM

Kidney transplant patients must take immunosuppressive drugs for

a lifetime

Dental plaque is composed of

bacterial matrix and a combination of food particles.

A moist compact mass of food in the esophagus is called

bolus

Food enters the stomach in the form of ________ and exits as ________.

bolus; chyme

The collecting system delivers urine to the

calyces.

The process of compaction starts in the

cecum.

Degeneration and replacement of liver cells by fibrous connective tissue results in

cirrhosis.

The area of the nephron under control of ADH is the

collecting tubules.

Progressive dehydration of indigestible foods is called in large intestine

compaction

The superficial granular region of the kidney is called the

cortex

The common waste product generated by skeletal muscle is

creatine

The hepatic portal system is responsible for

delivering blood to the liver for nutrient concentration adjustments.

Colorectal cancers are correlated to

diets low in fibe

Which of the following activities occurs in the oral cavity?

digestion of carbohydrates

The portion of the small intestine that receives chyme and digestive secretions is the

duodenum.

esophagus-What is the structure labeled "A"?

esophagus

The tube that transports food to the stomach is the

esophagus.

The ninety-degree turns of the colon are called

flexures.

The tongue is attached to the floor of the oral cavity by the

frenulum

The arteriole network where filtration occurs is called the

glomerulus

hard plate- The structure labeled "A" is the

hard palate

Filtration of blood plasma across an artificial membrane is called

hemodialysis.

The medial point of entry and exit to the kidney is called the

hilum

The flow of material into the large intestine is controlled by the

ileocecal valve.

Ridges and fold within the GI tract function to

increase surface area.

Fingerlike projections in the small intestine are called

intestinal villi.

Most chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occurs in the

jejunum.

kidney- structure labeled "B" is the

kidney

Materials that cannot enter the blood from the intestine directly enter the

lacteal

In the absence of ADH, an individual will produce

large amounts of dilute urine.

large intestine-What is the structure labeled "C"?

large intestine

The nutrients that are NOT absorbed in the small intestine are instead absorbed the

large intestine.

liver-What is the structure labeled "B"?

liver

The appendix is primarily an organ of the ________ system.

lymphatic

medulla - region of the kidney indicated by the letter "A" is the

medulla

The functional unit of the kidney is called the

nephron

Chief cells in adults secrete

pepsinogen.

Rhythmic and coordinated timed waves of contractions in the muscularis layer result in

peristalsis that propels food.

Which plasma component is typically NOT contained in filtrate?

plasma proteins

The soft palate is located ________ to the hard palate

posterior

prostate. - structure that is gender-specific in Figure 17.5 is the

prostate.

Crushing and shredding of food occurs mostly in the ________ region of the tract and is called ________.

proximal; mechanical processing

The release of chyme into the duodenum is regulated by the

pyloric sphincter.

A conical section of the renal medulla extending from the cortex is called the

pyramids

renal column- structure labeled "B" is the

renal column

Decline of filtration is called

renal failure

The dense fibrous layer that anchors the kidney to surrounding tissues is called the

renal fascia

renal pyramid - structure labeled "A" is the

renal pyramid

The milk digestion enzymes found in infants and children are

rennin and gastric lipase.

This segment of GI tract is taken from the

small intestine.

The upper and lower esophageal sphincters are composed of

smooth muscle.

soft palate-The structure labeled "B" is the

soft palate

HCl is secreted by specialized cells in the

stomach

Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?

thermoregulation

The common waste by-product of protein metabolism is

urea

ureter- The structure labeled "A" is the

ureter

Muscular tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder are the

ureters

Urethra - The structure labeled "C" is the

urethra

The common waste product of RNA metabolism is

uric acid

The structure that helps prevent food from entering the pharynx prematurely is the

uvula

The muscular tube through the body used for digestion is known as the

GI tract

ADH stimulates the appearance of

aquaporins(water transport channels)

The kidney region labeled "C" is the

cortex

Intrinsic factor is produced to enhance

vitamin B12 absorption.

adrenal gland- structure labeled "A" is the

adrenal gland

The amount of gastric juice produced each day is approximately

1500mL.

The kidneys, at rest, receive about ________ percent of cardiac output.

25%

The osmotic pressure of urine is more concentrated than plasma by a factor of

4

The circular folds and villi of the small intestine collectively increase surface area for absorption by a factor of

600

The small intestine is responsible for ________ percent of nutrient absorption.

90%

Movement of organic molecules, electrolytes, vitamins, and water across the digestive epithelium and into the interstitial fluid of the digestive tracts is called

absorption

Which of the following is NOT an organ of the urinary system?

adrenal gland