A&P I Chapter 12 Review Sheet -1 (12.1-12.3)

The ________ nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord.

Central

The ________ division of the peripheral nervous system brings sensory information to the central nervous system.

afferent

The part of the peripheral nervous system that carries sensory information to the CNS is designated

afferent

________ carry sensory information to the CNS.

afferent neurons

The ________ division of the nervous system carries motor commands to muscles and glands.

efferent

________ carry motor information to peripheral effectors.

efferent neurons

________ are the most numerous type of neuron in the CNS.

interneurons

When pressure is applied to neural tissue, all of the following effects are possible except

neurons are triggered to divide

The axoplasm of the axon contains which of the following?

neurotubules, mitochondria, vesicles, and neurofibrils

Which of the following activities or sensations is/are not monitored by interoceptors

sight

The efferent division of the peripheral nervous system innervates ________ cells.

skeletal muscle cells, smooth muscle cells, heart muscle cells , and grandular cells

The tiny gaps between adjacent Schwann cells are called

nodes of Ranvier

The myelin sheath that covers many CNS axons is formed by

oligodendrocytes

The ________ nervous system controls the skeletal muscles

somatic

Neurons in which dendritic and axonal processes are continuous and the soma lies off to one side are called

unipolar

Sensory neurons of the PNS are

unipolar

Regions of the CNS with an abundance of myelinated axons constitute the ________ matter.

white

Identify the structure labeled 4

telodendria

The structures labeled "1" are dendrites. Their membranes contain numerous chemically gated ion channels.

Both statements are true

Clusters of RER and free ribosomes in neurons are called

Nissl bodies

The neurilemma of axons in the peripheral nervous system is formed by

Schwann cells

Deteriorating changes in the distal segment of an axon as a result of a break between it and the soma is called ________ degeneration.

Wallerian

The largest and most numerous of the glial cells in the central nervous system are the

astrocytes

The ________ nervous system provides involuntary regulation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandular activity.

autonomic

The plasma membrane of an axon is called the

axolemma

The axon is connected to the soma at the

axon hillock

Neurons that have one axon and one dendrite, with the soma in between, are called

bipolar

Functions of astrocytes include all of the following, except

conducting action potentials

________ nerves are nerves that connect to the brain.

cranial

________ line the brain ventricles and spinal canal.

ependymal cells

________ provide information about the external environment.

exteroceptors

Damage to ependymal cells would most likely affect the

formation of cerebrospinal fluid

In the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells participate in the repair of damaged nerves

forming a cellular cord that directs axonal regrowth

Regions of the CNS where neuron cell bodies dominate constitute the ________ matter.

gray

Which of the following is not a function of the neuroglia?

memory

Small, wandering cells that engulf cell debris and pathogens in the CNS are called

microglia

Neurons that have several dendrites and a single axon are called

multipolar

The most abundant class of neuron in the central nervous system is

multipolar

The structure labeled 2 is a

neurofilament

The cytoplasm that surrounds the nucleus of a neuron is called the

perikaryon

The nervous tissue outside of the central nervous system composes the ________ nervous system.

peripheral

________ monitor the position of skeletal muscles and joints

proprioceptors

Which of the following is not a recognized structural classification for neurons?

pseudopolar

The rabies virus travels to the CNS via

retrograde axoplasmic transport

Glial cells that surround the neurons in ganglia are

satellite cells

Which of the following is a type of glial cells found in the peripheral nervous system?

satellite cells

________ nerves are nerves that connect to the spinal cord.

spinal

The site of intercellular communication between a neuron and another cell is the

synapse

Identify the structure labeled 5

synaptic terminals

Axons terminate in a series of fine extensions known as

telodendria