A&P I Chapter 12 Review Sheet -1 (12.1-12.3)
The ________ nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord.
Central
The ________ division of the peripheral nervous system brings sensory information to the central nervous system.
afferent
The part of the peripheral nervous system that carries sensory information to the CNS is designated
afferent
________ carry sensory information to the CNS.
afferent neurons
The ________ division of the nervous system carries motor commands to muscles and glands.
efferent
________ carry motor information to peripheral effectors.
efferent neurons
________ are the most numerous type of neuron in the CNS.
interneurons
When pressure is applied to neural tissue, all of the following effects are possible except
neurons are triggered to divide
The axoplasm of the axon contains which of the following?
neurotubules, mitochondria, vesicles, and neurofibrils
Which of the following activities or sensations is/are not monitored by interoceptors
sight
The efferent division of the peripheral nervous system innervates ________ cells.
skeletal muscle cells, smooth muscle cells, heart muscle cells , and grandular cells
The tiny gaps between adjacent Schwann cells are called
nodes of Ranvier
The myelin sheath that covers many CNS axons is formed by
oligodendrocytes
The ________ nervous system controls the skeletal muscles
somatic
Neurons in which dendritic and axonal processes are continuous and the soma lies off to one side are called
unipolar
Sensory neurons of the PNS are
unipolar
Regions of the CNS with an abundance of myelinated axons constitute the ________ matter.
white
Identify the structure labeled 4
telodendria
The structures labeled "1" are dendrites. Their membranes contain numerous chemically gated ion channels.
Both statements are true
Clusters of RER and free ribosomes in neurons are called
Nissl bodies
The neurilemma of axons in the peripheral nervous system is formed by
Schwann cells
Deteriorating changes in the distal segment of an axon as a result of a break between it and the soma is called ________ degeneration.
Wallerian
The largest and most numerous of the glial cells in the central nervous system are the
astrocytes
The ________ nervous system provides involuntary regulation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandular activity.
autonomic
The plasma membrane of an axon is called the
axolemma
The axon is connected to the soma at the
axon hillock
Neurons that have one axon and one dendrite, with the soma in between, are called
bipolar
Functions of astrocytes include all of the following, except
conducting action potentials
________ nerves are nerves that connect to the brain.
cranial
________ line the brain ventricles and spinal canal.
ependymal cells
________ provide information about the external environment.
exteroceptors
Damage to ependymal cells would most likely affect the
formation of cerebrospinal fluid
In the peripheral nervous system, Schwann cells participate in the repair of damaged nerves
forming a cellular cord that directs axonal regrowth
Regions of the CNS where neuron cell bodies dominate constitute the ________ matter.
gray
Which of the following is not a function of the neuroglia?
memory
Small, wandering cells that engulf cell debris and pathogens in the CNS are called
microglia
Neurons that have several dendrites and a single axon are called
multipolar
The most abundant class of neuron in the central nervous system is
multipolar
The structure labeled 2 is a
neurofilament
The cytoplasm that surrounds the nucleus of a neuron is called the
perikaryon
The nervous tissue outside of the central nervous system composes the ________ nervous system.
peripheral
________ monitor the position of skeletal muscles and joints
proprioceptors
Which of the following is not a recognized structural classification for neurons?
pseudopolar
The rabies virus travels to the CNS via
retrograde axoplasmic transport
Glial cells that surround the neurons in ganglia are
satellite cells
Which of the following is a type of glial cells found in the peripheral nervous system?
satellite cells
________ nerves are nerves that connect to the spinal cord.
spinal
The site of intercellular communication between a neuron and another cell is the
synapse
Identify the structure labeled 5
synaptic terminals
Axons terminate in a series of fine extensions known as
telodendria