A&P II - Exam 3 Questions

The following are steps in the cell-mediated immune response. What is the correct sequence for these steps? 1. Antigen is engulfed and presented by a macrophage. 2. T cell activation and cell division occur, producing cytotoxic T cells and memory T cells. 3. Cytotoxic T cells release perforin and/or lymphotoxin. 4. Inactive T cells with specific receptors recognize the antigen

1, 4, 2, 3

Place the following steps of NK cell killing in order. 1. Secretion of perforin 2. Realignment of Golgi apparatus 3. Lysis of abnormal cell 4. Recognition and adhesion A) 4, 2, 1, 3 B) 2, 1, 4, 3 C) 4, 1, 2, 3 D) 1, 2, 4, 3 E) 1, 4, 3, 2

A) 4, 2, 1, 3

Immunoglobulins that are primarily found in glandular secretions such as saliva and tears are A) IgA. B) IgD. C) IgE. D) IgG. E) IgM.

A) IgA.

During the primary response, which antibody peaks sooner? During the secondary response, which antibody level is higher? A) IgM; IgG B) IgG; IgM C) IgD; IgE D) IgE; IgA E) IgA; IgG

A) IgM; IgG

All of the following are true of the thymus gland except that it A) activates B cells. B) reaches its greatest relative size during the second year of life. C) involutes after puberty. D) produces T cells. E) lies in the anterior mediastinum.

A) activates B cells.

When the immune response mistakenly targets normal body cells and tissues, a(n) ________ develops. A) autoimmune disease B) immunodeficiency disease C) allergic response D) cross-reaction E) agglutination reaction

A) autoimmune disease

Immunity that results from exposure to an antigen in the environment is called ________ immunity. A) naturally acquired active B) naturally acquired passive C) artificially acquired active D) artificially acquired passive E) innate

A) naturally acquired active

Lymphatic vessels begin in peripheral tissues and ultimately drain into A) veins. B) peripheral capillary beds. C) arteries. D) the kidneys. E) arterioles.

A) veins.

_____ is the amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath under resting conditions. A) Residual volume B) Tidal volume C) Inspiratory reserve volume D) Expiratory reserve volume E) Inspiratory capacity

B) Tidal volume

The exocrine cells of the pancreas produce all of the following EXCEPT A) amylase. B) insulin and glucagon. C) proteases and peptidases. D) lipase. E) bicarbonate ions.

B) insulin and glucagon.

What types of cells are found in the white pulp of the spleen and in the red pulp of the spleen? A) lymphocytes; epithelial reticular cells B) lymphocytes; red blood cells C) red blood cells; macrophages D) red blood cells; lymphocytes E) epithelial cells; endocrine cells

B) lymphocytes; red blood cells

The cells responsible for the production of circulating immunoglobulins are ________ cells. A) NK B) plasma C) helper T D) thymus E) liver

B) plasma

Large blood vessels, lymphatics, and exocrine glands are found in the ______ of the GI tract. A) mucosa B) submucosa C) muscularis D) adventitia E) serosa

B) submucosa

Most of the lymph returns to the venous circulation by way of the A) right lymphatic duct. B) thoracic duct. C) cisterna chyli. D) hepatic portal vein. E) dural sinus

B) thoracic duct.

Air enters and leaves the lungs during inhalation and exhalation due to A) Dalton's Law. B) John's Law. C) Boyle's Law. D) Underwood's Law. E) Henry's Law.

C) Boyle's Law.

Lymphatic organs differ from lymphatic tissues in what way? A) They contain T lymphocytes and lymphatic tissues do not. B) They are found in the digestive tract and lymphatic tissues are found in the thorax. C) They are surrounded by a fibrous capsule and lymphatic tissues are not. D) They cannot produce antibodies, whereas lymphatic tissues can. E) They occur throughout the body except in the head.

C) They are surrounded by a fibrous capsule and lymphatic tissues are not.

The duodenal hormone that stimulates the pancreas to secrete digestive enzymes and the gallbladder to contract is A) secretin. B) enterocrinin. C) cholecystokinin. D) gastrin. E) gastric inhibitory peptide.

C) cholecystokinin.

B cells are primarily activated by the activities of A) antigens. B) antibodies. C) helper T cells. D) macrophages. E) plasma cells.

C) helper T cells.

The effects of activating the complement system include all of the following except A) destruction of target cell plasma membranes. B) stimulation of inflammation. C) inhibition of the immune response. D) opsonization. E) chemotaxis.

C) inhibition of the immune response.

The stomach wall contains and extra layer of tissue known as the _____ layer. A) extramucosal B) subserosa C) oblique muscle D) muscularis submucosae E) adventitia

C) oblique muscle

Stem cells that can form all types of lymphocytes are concentrated in the A) circulation. B) thymus. C) red bone marrow. D) spleen. E) yellow marrow.

C) red bone marrow.

The classic pathway of complement activation begins when the protein C1 binds to A) the cell wall of bacteria. B) the plasma membrane of bacteria. C) two antibodies attached to an antigen. D) a cell surface antigen. E) a plasma protein.

C) two antibodies attached to an antigen.

Immunoglobulins that are most abundant and are responsible for resistance against many viruses, bacteria, and bacterial toxins are A) IgA. B) IgD. C) IgE. D) IgG. E) IgM.

D) IgG.

The cells directly responsible for cellular immunity are the ________ cells. A) dendritic B) plasma C) helper T D) cytotoxic T E) suppressor T

D) cytotoxic T

When an antigen is bound to a Class I MHC molecule, it can stimulate a ________ cell. A) B B) plasma C) helper T D) cytotoxic T E) NK

D) cytotoxic T

The various classes of immunoglobulins are differentiated on the basis of their A) asymmetry. B) antigen specificity. C) light-chain variable segments. D) heavy-chain constant segments. E) reactivity.

D) heavy-chain constant segments.

A sample of John's blood shows a high level of pyrogens. This would indicate that John A) is feeling achy. B) is producing T lymphocytes. C) has a sore throat. D) is running a fever. E) has swollen lymph nodes.

D) is running a fever.

The lymphoid organ that acts like a filter as lymph passes through is A) appendix. B) tonsils. C) adenoids. D) lymph nodes. E) thymus.

D) lymph nodes.

An accumulation of lymph in a region where lymphatic drainage has been blocked is called A) lymphopenia. B) lymphadenopathy. C) lymphoma. D) lymphedema. E) lymphosis.

D) lymphedema.

Which of the following is not a lymphocyte? A) NK cells B) plasma cells C) memory T cells D) macrophages E) suppressor T cells

D) macrophages

The _____ plays the key role in digestion and absorption of nutrients in the GI tract. A) large intestine B) pancreas C) stomach D) small intestine E) liver

D) small intestine

Mary is having an allergic reaction in which her mast cells and basophils are sensitized and active. Which immunoglobulin is responsible for this reaction? A. IgA B. IgD C. IgG D. IgE E. IgM

D. IgE

Johnny was born 6 weeks immature and has not been able to produce adequate amounts of surfactant in his lungs. If not treated, this could result in ____. A) collapsed alveoli. B) pleurisy. C) pneumothorax. D) respiratory distress syndrome. E) A and D are correct.

E) A and D are correct.

Lymphatic capillaries are known for all of the following except A) being the starting point of the lymphatic circulation. B) being the smallest lymphatic vessels. C) having larger diameters and looser walls than blood capillaries. D) having shingle-like endothelial cells. E) allowing nutrient and gas exchange.

E) allowing nutrient and gas exchange.

The body's innate defenses include all of the following except A) the skin. B) complement. C) interferon. D) inflammation. E) antibodies.

E) antibodies.

The structures that prevent the intestines from becoming entangled and provides an access route for blood vessels to and from the digestive tract is (are) the A) circular folds. B) myenteric plexus. C) teniae coli. D) haustra. E) mesentaries.

E) mesentaries.

All of the following are characteristics of adaptive defenses except A) versatility. B) tolerance. C) memory. D) specificity. E) present at birth.

E) present at birth.