A&P MSK AI (completed)

Involuntary control of motor actions is mainly governed by which part of the nervous system? A) Autonomic nervous system B) Central nervous system C) Peripheral nervous system D) Somatic nervous system

A) Autonomic nervous system

The major artery supplying blood to the muscles of the upper arm, including the triceps, is known as the: A) Brachial artery B) Femoral artery C) Carotid artery D) Radial artery

A) Brachial artery

Which of the following actions is typically not under voluntary control? A) Breathing B) Talking C) Walking D) Typing

A) Breathing

The calf muscle that attaches to the heel via the Achilles tendon is known as: A) Gastrocnemius B) Soleus C) Quadriceps D) Hamstrings

A) Gastrocnemius

The primary artery supplying blood to the muscles of the abdominal region is known as the: A) Iliac artery B) Popliteal artery C) Femoral artery D) Aortic artery

A) Iliac artery

What major artery supplies blood to the muscles of the abdomen, including the rectus abdominis? A) Iliac artery B) Popliteal artery C) Femoral artery D) Aortic artery

A) Iliac artery

The muscles responsible for lateral flexion of the vertebral column are primarily located in which region of the spine? A) Lumbar B) Thoracic C) Cervical D) Sacral

A) Lumbar

The major artery supplying blood to the muscles of the thigh and lower leg is known as the: A) Popliteal artery B) Femoral artery C) Tibial artery D) Iliac artery

A) Popliteal artery

Which artery supplies the primary blood flow to the muscles of the lower leg, including the gastrocnemius? A) Popliteal artery B) Femoral artery C) Tibial artery D) Brachial artery

A) Popliteal artery

What major vein drains blood from the muscles of the calf and carries it back to the heart? A) Popliteal vein B) Femoral vein C) Tibial vein D) Saphenous vein

A) Popliteal vein

Which muscle group extends the knee? A) Quadriceps B) Hamstrings C) Gluteus medius D) Adductors

A) Quadriceps

Which muscle assists in flexing the vertebral column and is often referred to as the "six-pack" muscle? A) Rectus abdominis B) Latissimus dorsi C) Trapezius D) Deltoid

A) Rectus abdominis

Which type of muscle fiber is most resistant to fatigue and is well-suited for activities like long-distance running? A) Slow-twitch B) Fast-twitch C) Cardiac D) Smooth

A) Slow-twitch

Which type of skeletal muscle fiber is characterized by a high resistance to fatigue and is used for endurance activities? A) Slow-twitch B) Fast-twitch C) Cardiac D) Smooth

A) Slow-twitch

Which of the following is an example of a reflex action controlled by local motor neurons? A) Voluntarily raising your hand B) Sweating in response to heat C) Breathing D) Digesting food

A) Voluntarily raising your hand

Which nervous system division controls involuntary muscle actions like digestion and heart rate? A) Somatic nervous system B) Autonomic nervous system C) Central nervous system D) Peripheral nervous system

B) Autonomic nervous system

The major vein draining blood from the muscles of the upper arm and forearm is known as the: A) Radial vein B) Brachial vein C) Cephalic vein D) Saphenous vein

B) Brachial vein

The primary vein draining blood from the muscles of the forearm and upper arm is known as the: A) Radial vein B) Brachial vein C) Cephalic vein D) Saphenous vein

B) Brachial vein

Which muscle is the primary flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint? A) Triceps brachii B) Brachialis C) Deltoid D) Latissimus dorsi

B) Brachialis

Which muscle is responsible for abducting the arm at the shoulder joint? A) Pectoralis major B) Deltoid C) Biceps brachii D) Triceps brachii

B) Deltoid

Which type of muscle fibers are predominantly used in activities like sprinting and weightlifting? A) Slow-twitch B) Fast-twitch C) Cardiac D) Smooth

B) Fast-twitch

Which type of skeletal muscle fiber is suited for rapid, powerful movements but is more prone to fatigue? A) Slow-twitch B) Fast-twitch C) Cardiac D) Smooth

B) Fast-twitch

Which of the following major nerves innervates the quadriceps muscle group in the thigh? A) Sciatic nerve B) Femoral nerve C) Radial nerve D) Ulnar nerve

B) Femoral nerve

The major vein that drains blood from the muscles of the lower leg and thigh and carries it back to the heart is called: A) Jugular vein B) Femoral vein C) Subclavian vein D) Hepatic vein

B) Femoral vein

During a yoga session, you perform a seated forward bend. Which muscles are primarily stretched during this movement? A) Rhomboids B) Hamstrings C) Deltoids D) Biceps brachii

B) Hamstrings

What is the major nerve that innervates the muscles of the forearm, including the flexors and extensors? A) Ulnar nerve B) Median nerve C) Radial nerve D) Axillary nerve

B) Median nerve

During local control of motor neurons, which type of neurons transmit signals from the central nervous system to the muscles? A) Sensory neurons B) Motor neurons C) Interneurons D) Autonomic neurons

B) Motor neurons

In local control of motor neurons, what is the main role of sensory neurons? A) Transmit signals to the muscles B) Relay information to the central nervous system C) Coordinate motor actions D) Regulate autonomic functions

B) Relay information to the central nervous system

Which muscle is often referred to as the "tailor's muscle" because it helps with crossing one leg over the other while sitting? A) Adductor longus B) Sartorius C) Quadriceps D) Gluteus medius

B) Sartorius

What are the primary types of skeletal muscle fibers? A) Type A and Type B B) Slow-twitch and fast-twitch C) Smooth and cardiac D) Red and white

B) Slow-twitch and fast-twitch

Which nerve innervates the muscles of the lower leg, including the gastrocnemius and soleus? A) Sciatic nerve B) Tibial nerve C) Femoral nerve D) Peroneal nerve

B) Tibial nerve

During a push-up, which muscles are responsible for extending the elbow joint? A) Biceps brachii B) Triceps brachii C) Pectoralis major D) Deltoid

B) Triceps brachii

The brachial artery provides the primary blood supply to which muscle group? A) Abdominals B) Deltoids C) Biceps D) Hamstrings

C) Biceps

Which of the following types of muscle fibers is striated and found in the heart? A) Slow-twitch B) Fast-twitch C) Cardiac D) Smooth

C) Cardiac

The major artery supplying blood to the muscles of the head and neck is called the: A) Subclavian artery B) Brachial artery C) Carotid artery D) Femoral artery

C) Carotid artery

What part of the nervous system is responsible for processing sensory information and initiating motor actions? A) Autonomic nervous system B) Somatic nervous system C) Central nervous system D) Peripheral nervous system

C) Central nervous system

In local control of motor neurons, what is the primary role of motor neurons? A) Transmit sensory signals to the central nervous system B) Relay information between sensory and interneurons C) Directly stimulate muscle contraction D) Regulate autonomic functions

C) Directly stimulate muscle contraction

Which muscle group is primarily responsible for extending the vertebral column? A) Abdominal muscles B) Quadriceps C) Erector spinae muscles D) Biceps brachii

C) Erector spinae muscles

Which nerve innervates the muscles of the anterior thigh, including the quadriceps? A) Sciatic nerve B) Tibial nerve C) Femoral nerve D) Peroneal nerve

C) Femoral nerve

Which of the following best describes the role of local control in motor neurons? A) It regulates heart rate and blood pressure. B) It coordinates fine motor movements. C) It controls the contraction of an individual muscle or muscle group. D) It is responsible for reflex actions.

C) It controls the contraction of an individual muscle or muscle group.

Which nerve is responsible for innervating the muscles of the lateral upper arm, including the brachioradialis? A) Sciatic nerve B) Tibial nerve C) Radial nerve D) Peroneal nerve

C) Radial nerve

The rotator cuff muscles help stabilize the shoulder joint. Which of the following is NOT a rotator cuff muscle? A) Supraspinatus B) Infraspinatus C) Teres major D) Subscapularis

C) Teres major

The muscles responsible for plantar flexion of the ankle (pointing the toes downward) are primarily located in: A) The front of the thigh B) The back of the thigh C) The calf D) The lower back

C) The calf

The muscle responsible for dorsiflexion of the ankle (lifting the foot toward the shin) is called: A) Gastrocnemius B) Soleus C) Tibialis anterior D) Quadriceps

C) Tibialis anterior

Which of the following is an example of a voluntary motor action? A) Heartbeat B) Blinking reflex C) Walking D) Digestion

C) Walking

Which nerve is responsible for innervating the muscles of the upper back, including the trapezius? A) Sciatic nerve B) Ulnar nerve C) Radial nerve D) Accessory nerve (Spinal accessory nerve)

D) Accessory nerve (Spinal accessory nerve)

Which nerve is responsible for innervating the muscles of the shoulder, including the deltoids? A) Sciatic nerve B) Ulnar nerve C) Radial nerve D) Axillary nerve

D) Axillary nerve

During a squat exercise, which muscle group primarily provides the power for rising from a seated position? A) Quadriceps B) Hamstrings C) Gastrocnemius D) Gluteus maximus

D) Gluteus maximus

Which muscle group is responsible for flexing the hip joint and allowing you to lift your thigh toward your chest? A) Quadriceps B) Hamstrings C) Gluteus maximus D) Iliopsoas

D) Iliopsoas

What type of muscle fibers are found in the walls of blood vessels and the digestive tract? A) Slow-twitch B) Fast-twitch C) Cardiac D) Smooth

D) Smooth

Voluntary control of motor actions primarily involves which part of the nervous system? A) Autonomic nervous system B) Central nervous system C) Peripheral nervous system D) Somatic nervous system

D) Somatic nervous system

. What is local control of motor neurons? A) A system of long-distance communication within the nervous system B) The ability of motor neurons to control multiple muscles simultaneously C) The influence of sensory neurons on motor neurons D) The coordination of motor neurons within a specific muscle or muscle group

D) The coordination of motor neurons within a specific muscle or muscle group

Which nerve is responsible for innervating the muscles of the back, including the latissimus dorsi? A) Femoral nerve B) Sciatic nerve C) Axillary nerve D) Thoracodorsal nerve

D) Thoracodorsal nerve

The major artery supplying blood to the muscles of the hand is called the: A) Brachial artery B) Femoral artery C) Radial artery D) Ulnar artery

D) Ulnar artery

Which type of control can be consciously regulated by an individual? A) Local control of motor neurons B) Reflexive control C) Involuntary control D) Voluntary control

D) Voluntary control

Which movement involves turning the sole of the foot outward? a) Eversion b) Inversion c) Plantar flexion d) Dorsiflexion

a) Eversion

Which forearm muscle is responsible for wrist abduction? a) Extensor carpi radialis longus b) Flexor carpi ulnaris c) Flexor pollicis longus d) Brachialis

a) Extensor carpi radialis longus

What is the primary source of energy for muscle contractions during prolonged, low-intensity activities? a) Fatty acids b) Glucose c) Lactic acid d) Protein

a) Fatty acids

Which muscle is responsible for the external rotation of the humerus at the glenohumeral joint? a) Infraspinatus b) Teres minor c) Biceps brachii d) Triceps brachii

a) Infraspinatus

What role does ATP play in muscle contraction? a) It binds to myosin heads, allowing them to detach from actin. b) It strengthens the connections between actin and myosin. c) It provides structural support to the sarcomere. d) It stimulates the release of calcium ions.

a) It binds to myosin heads, allowing them to detach from actin.

Which muscle is involved in both hip flexion and external rotation? a) Pectineus b) Iliopsoas c) Adductor magnus d) Gluteus maximus

a) Pectineus

Which muscle group is responsible for extending the leg at the knee joint? a) Quadriceps femoris b) Hamstrings c) Gastrocnemius d) Soleus

a) Quadriceps femoris

The sliding filament theory explains muscle contraction at the level of: a) Sarcomere b) Myofibril c) Myocyte d) Endomysium

a) Sarcomere

What muscle is primarily responsible for inversion of the foot? a) Tibialis anterior b) Soleus c) Gastrocnemius d) Quadriceps femoris **

a) Tibialis anterior**

Which muscle is the primary antagonist to the biceps brachii during forearm extension at the elbow joint? a) Triceps brachii b) Brachialis c) Pronator teres d) Flexor carpi ulnaris

a) Triceps brachii

Inversion of the foot refers to: a) Turning the sole of the foot inward b) Pointing the toes downward c) Raising the heel off the ground d) Flexing the toes

a) Turning the sole of the foot inward

Which energy molecule is directly used for muscle contractions? a) Glucose b) ATP c) Lactic acid d) Glycogen

b) ATP

What muscle is the primary flexor of the leg at the knee joint? a) Tibialis anterior b) Hamstring muscles c) Gastrocnemius d) Sartorius

b) Hamstring muscles

What muscle is involved in both hip flexion and adduction? a) Gracilis b) Iliacus c) Semimembranosus d) Gluteus maximus

b) Iliacus

During muscle contraction, what happens to the length of the sarcomere? a) It remains constant b) It shortens c) It elongates d) It contracts and expands alternately

b) It shortens

Which protein is primarily responsible for muscle contraction? a) Actin b) Myosin c) Troponin d) Tropomyosin

b) Myosin

Which muscle is the primary flexor of the hip joint? a) Gluteus maximus b) Psoas major c) Gluteus medius d) Adductor magnus

b) Psoas major

What is the basic structural unit of a skeletal muscle? a) Myofibril b) Sarcomere c) Myocyte d) Neuron

b) Sarcomere

What is the primary movement produced by the teres major muscle at the glenohumeral joint? a) Shoulder abduction b) Shoulder adduction c) Shoulder flexion d) Shoulder extension

b) Shoulder adduction

Which muscle is responsible for the pronation of the forearm at the radioulnar joint? a) Brachioradialis b) Supinator c) Flexor digitorum superficialis d) Extensor carpi radialis longus

b) Supinator

Which muscle is the primary mover in dorsiflexion of the foot? a) Quadratus lumborum b) Tibialis anterior c) Gluteus maximus d) Pectoralis major

b) Tibialis anterior

Which muscle(s) are responsible for dorsiflexion of the foot and ankle? a) Gastrocnemius and soleus b) Tibialis anterior c) Peroneus longus d) Quadriceps femoris

b) Tibialis anterior

What muscle is primarily responsible for hip adduction? a) Rectus femoris b) Sartorius c) Adductor longus d) Gluteus maximus

c) Adductor longus

During shoulder flexion, which muscle group primarily initiates and drives the movement? a) Teres major b) Rhomboids c) Anterior deltoid d) Subscapularis

c) Anterior deltoid

Which muscle group is primarily responsible for the flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint? a) Quadriceps b) Hamstrings c) Biceps brachii d) Gastrocnemius

c) Biceps brachii

What is the role of tendons in skeletal muscle anatomy? a) Transmitting nerve signals b) Storing glycogen c) Connecting muscle to bone d) Facilitating oxygen exchange

c) Connecting muscle to bone

What is the primary muscle responsible for the abduction of the humerus at the glenohumeral joint? a) Biceps brachii b) Triceps brachii c) Deltoid d) Pectoralis major

c) Deltoid

What muscle is involved in thumb abduction in the forearm? a) Extensor carpi radialis longus b) Flexor pollicis longus c) Extensor pollicis longus d) Brachioradialis

c) Extensor pollicis longus

Which muscle in the forearm is responsible for wrist flexion? a) Biceps brachii b) Triceps brachii c) Flexor carpi radialis d) Extensor digitorum

c) Flexor carpi radialis**

Which muscle(s) is/are responsible for finger flexion in the forearm? a) Brachialis b) Flexor carpi radialis c) Flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus d) Extensor carpi radialis longus

c) Flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus

What action does the pronator teres muscle perform in the forearm? a) Wrist extension b) Forearm supination c) Forearm pronation d) Finger extension

c) Forearm pronation

What group of muscles is primarily responsible for plantar flexion of the foot? a) Quadriceps b) Hamstrings c) Gastrocnemius and soleus d) Biceps brachii

c) Gastrocnemius and soleus

What muscle is involved in plantarflexion of the foot and ankle? a) Tibialis anterior b) Quadriceps femoris c) Gastrocnemius d) Hamstrings **

c) Gastrocnemius**

During intense exercise, when oxygen supply is limited, muscles may produce: a) Glycogen b) ATP c) Lactic acid d) Creatine phosphate

c) Lactic acid

Which muscle group is responsible for eversion of the foot? a) Tibialis anterior b) Soleus c) Peroneus longus and brevis d) Gastrocnemius **

c) Peroneus longus and brevis**

What muscle assists in the horizontal abduction of the arm at the glenohumeral joint? a) Biceps brachii b) Teres major c) Serratus anterior d) Brachialis

c) Serratus anterior

Which of the following is NOT a function of skeletal muscle? a) Generating heat b) Producing movement c) Storing energy d) Maintaining posture

c) Storing energy

Which forearm muscle is primarily responsible for supinating the forearm? a) Pronator teres b) Flexor carpi radialis c) Supinator d) Extensor carpi ulnaris

c) Supinator

Which muscle plays a crucial role in stabilizing the glenohumeral joint and preventing dislocation during overhead movements? a) Latissimus dorsi b) Infraspinatus c) Supraspinatus d) Brachialis

c) Supraspinatus

Which muscle is responsible for the initial phase of the arm's abduction during raising the arm laterally? a) Pectoralis major b) Rhomboids c) Trapezius d) Latissimus dorsi

c) Trapezius

What triggers the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum during muscle contraction? a) Acetylcholine b) ATP c) Norepinephrine d) Action potential

d) Action potential

Which muscle is primarily responsible for wrist extension in the forearm? a) Brachioradialis b) Flexor carpi ulnaris c) Pronator teres d) Extensor carpi ulnaris

d) Extensor carpi ulnaris

What muscle is responsible for extending the hip joint? a) Quadriceps femoris b) Semimembranosus c) Biceps femoris d) Gluteus maximus

d) Gluteus maximus

Which muscle group is responsible for hip abduction? a) Hamstrings b) Quadriceps femoris c) Adductors d) Gluteus medius and minimus

d) Gluteus medius and minimus

Which muscle is responsible for internal rotation of the hip joint? a) Piriformis b) Quadratus femoris c) Tensor fasciae latae d) gluteus medius and the gluteus minimus

d) gluteus medius and the gluteus minimus