A&P Tissues

Injured cartilage might heal more quickly if a treatment were discovered that would __________. A. prevent chondrocytes from dividing and thereby reducing the relative amount of matrix that is present in the cartilage B. stimulate blood vessels to develop within cartilage C. stimulate calcification of cartilage D. All of the listed responses are correct.

C. Cartilage is normally avascular, so nutrients required for healing must diffuse from distant blood vessels, which delays the healing process.

Why are adipose, blood, and bone all considered to be connective tissues? A. They have a common origin, mesenchyme. B. They all have collagen and elastic fibers in their extracellular matrix. C. They have the same types of cells. D. They connect to each other.

A. Adipose, bone, and blood (like all connective tissues) are derived from mesenchyme, an embryonic tissue. Also common to all connective tissues is the presence of cells and an extracellular matrix that consists of fibers bathed in ground substance.

Which tissues have little to no functional regenerative capacity? A. cardiac muscle and nervous tissue in the brain and spinal cord B. nervous tissue and smooth muscle C. epithelial tissues, bones, and areolar connective tissue D. cardiac and smooth muscle

A. Cardiac muscle and the nervous tissue in the brain and spinal cord have virtually no functional regenerative capacity, and they are routinely replaced by scar tissue.

Which of the following describes a holocrine gland? A. Holocrine glands secrete their products by rupturing. B. Holocrine glands secrete their products by exocytosis. C. Holocrine glands secrete their products by endocytosis. D. Holocrine glands secrete their products by pinching off the apex of the cell.

A. Holocrine glands secrete their products by rupturing. Sebaceous (oil) glands are the only example of holocrine glands in the body.

Under a microscope you observe a tissue that appears to have long fibers that appear striated. The nuclei are pushed off to the side of the fibers. The tissue looks very vascular. What type of tissue are you observing? skeletal muscle tissue osseous tissue dense regular connective tissue dense irregular connective tissue

A. The striations are evidence of the myofilaments inside the muscle fibers. The position of the nuclei and vascularity are also signs of muscle tissue.

Cell type not found in areolar connective tissue. macrophages chondrocytes mast cells fibroblasts

B.

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium ciliated variety ________. A. possesses no goblet cells B. lines most of the respiratory tract C. is not an epithelial classification D. aids in digestion

B.

After a heart attack, fibrosis occurs at the site of cardiac muscle cell death. This reduces the efficiency of the heart's pumping activity because __________. A. the undamaged cardiac muscle cells become fatigued from the energy expended during the healing process B. fibrous connective tissue is incapable of contracting C. fibrosis produces new cardiac muscle cells that are not as strong as the mature ones that died D. the initial death of some cardiac muscle cells triggers a chain reaction in which progressively more and more neighboring healthy cells die

B. Cardiac muscle contains sarcomeres, which allow for the tissue to contract when electrically stimulated. Fibrous connective tissue lacks these special contractile units.

Select the TRUE statement. A. Dense connective tissue includes adipose tissue. B. Dense connective tissue is often called fibrous connective tissue C. Bundles of collagen are often found in loose connective tissue. D. Loose connective tissue includes cartilage.

B. Correct, dense connective tissue is often called fibrous connective tissue.

Exocrine glands ________. A. are only unicellular in structure B. secrete substances onto body surfaces C. secrete substances into blood D. secrete hormones

B. Exocrine glands use ducts to secrete substances into the external environment (onto the surfaces of the cutaneous and mucous membranes). Note: "exo" means outside. Endocrine glands are ductless; they secrete hormones into the extracellular fluid of our internal environment. Note: "endo" means inside.

Which of the following statements is NOT characteristic of the areolar connective tissue? A. Fibroblasts are the cells primarily responsible for the formation of areolar connective tissue. B. Areolar connective tissue is avascular. C. Most of the volume of areolar connective tissue is occupied by ground substance. D. Areolar connective tissue has elastic properties.

B. Most connective tissues (except cartilage) contain blood vessels. A capillary is observed in the figure of areolar connective tissue.

You observe a tissue under a microscope. There appears to be a lumen on one side of the tissue. Lining this lumen, the cells seem to have long, fingerlike projections. Beneath the projections, the cells seem to have the shape of shoeboxes and are packed tightly together. What type of tissue are you looking at? simple cuboidal epithelia simple columnar epithelia stratified squamous epithelia transitional epithelia

B. The shoebox represents the columnar shape. Additionally, the fingerlike projections are likely to be microvilli.

How are endocrine and exocrine glands different from each other? Exocrine glands are only unicellular in structure. Exocrine glands have specific target organs for their secretions. Endocrine glands have no ducts. Exocrine glands secrete hormones.

C. Endocrine glands secrete substances (hormones) into blood without the use of ducts, whereas exocrine glands use ducts to secrete substances into the external environment.

Which of the following is a property of epithelial tissue? A. Epithelial tissue contains blood vessels. B. Epithelial tissue is typically unable to regenerate. C. Epithelial tissue is innervated. D. Epithelial tissue does not exhibit polarity.

C. Epithelial tissue is an innervated, avascular tissue that exhibits polarity. Epithelial tissue is also highly regenerative.

Which type of epithelium lines the interior of the urinary bladder? A. simple columnar epithelium B. stratified squamous epithelium C. transitional epithelium D. simple squamous epithelium

C. Transitional epithelium forms the lining of hollow urinary organs, which stretch as they fill with urine. The ability of transitional cells to change their shape (undergo "transitions") allows a greater volume of urine to flow through the tube-like ureters and allows more urine to be stored in the urinary bladder.

You observe a uniform tissue under a microscope. There is no lumen. The material looks densely packed, but you do not observe many nuclei. It appears that there are strands of fibers running in parallel directions. What type of tissue are you looking at? nervous tissue epithelial tissue connective tissue muscle tissue

C. You are probably looking at dense regular connective tissue. Connective tissue has a low cell count compared to the extracellular matrix.

Which of the following is NOT a role of connective tissue? A. insulation B. protection C. support D. absorption

D. Absorption, the movement of substances into the body, is a role of epithelial tissue. Roles of connective tissue include: binding and support, protection, insulation, and transportation of substances, via blood, within the body.

Which tissue repair process results in the formation of scar tissue? A. granulation B. regeneration C. inflammation D. fibrosis

D. Fibrosis involves proliferation of fibrous connective tissue, called scar tissue.

Which of the following is a unicellular gland associated with mucus production? chondrocyte fibroblast macrophage goblet cell plasma cell

D. Goblet cells, located between columnar epithelial cells, function in producing the protein mucin, which, when combined with water, forms mucus.

Which tissue type is responsible for regulating and controlling body functions? A. muscle tissue B. connective tissue C. blood D. nervous tissue

D. Nervous tissue is the main component of the nervous system, which regulates and controls body functions. Note: the other control system of the body is the endocrine system, which is primarily composed of glandular epithelial tissue.

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? A. Stratified squamous epithelia are found in areas subjected to wear and tear. B. Simple columnar epithelia are associated with absorption and secretion. C. Simple squamous epithelia are associated with filtration and exchange. D. Simple cuboidal epithelia are found in areas that stretch.

D. This is incorrect; transitional (not simple cuboidal) epithelia are found in areas that stretch, in particular the ureters and urinary bladder. Simple cuboidal epithelia are designed for absorption and secretion (not stretching).

Which cell type is primarily responsible for producing protein fibers found in connective tissue proper?

Fibroblast, which is the primary producer of the major ECM components in connective tissue proper.

All epithelia have two surfaces, an apical surface and a basal surface, that differ in both structure and function. This property is called polarity. True False

True, All epithelia exhibit polarity, which is defined by the presence of an apical, or free, surface and a basal, or attached, surface that differ in both structure and function.

2 of the 5 types of white blood cells

lymphocytes and neutrophil