A&P Unit 6 -
What is an important function of melanin?
absorbs harmful radiation
____ is the genetic inability to produce melanin
albinism
The term _____ means the loss of hair
alopecia
what is the medical term for male pattern baldness
androgenic alopecia
Goose bumps in the skin are caused by contraction of the _____ in response to cold or emotions.
arrector pili muscle
The term goose bumps is directly related to which structures?
arrector pili muscles
The ______ muscles are attached to the root of each hair.
arrector pilli
What type of graft involves the transplanting of one's own skin from an unburned region of the body to a burned area
autograft
which statement is true about tans and tanning? a - sunning for the purpose of tanning produces healthier skin. b - a tan indicates sun damage to the skin c - tans last even if the skin has not been exposed to the sun for months d - tanning promotes skin with a more youthful appearance
b - a tan indicates sun damage to the skin
Which of the following does not belong with the others? a - acne vulgaris b - alopecia c - comedones d - pustules
b - alopecia
Which of the following is not a synonym for the others a - bedsore b - shingles c - decubitus ulcer d - pressure sore
b - shingles
Which term does not belong with the others? a- basal cells b- stratum corneum c - stratum germinativum d - germinal layer
b - stratum corneum
which of these phrases does not characterize the dermis? a - conical dermal papillae b - thinner in areas receiving greater friction and use. c - loss of elasticity with age and sun exposure d - muscle and nerve fibers
b - thinner in areas receiving greater friction and use
_____ is another name for the stratum basale
basal cell row
What separates the epidermis from the dermis?
basement membrane
____ is a common name for a decubitus ulcer.
bed sore
which of the following does not contribute to heat loss from the body? a- evaporation b- convection c - cellular d - radiation
c - cellular
Which of these cells give rise to skin cancers? a - dermal cells b - reticular cells c - epithelial cells d - subcutaneous cells
c - epithelial cells
Which of the following membranes lack an epithelial layer a - serous b - mucus c- synovial d- cutaneous
c - synovial
which of the following provides strength to the dermis? a - the amount of blood vessels b- the distribution of elastic fibers c - the presence of collagen fibers d- the thickness of the layers
c - the presence of collagen fibers
The pigment ____, found in vegetables, can impart a yellow or orange color to the skin.
carotene
The yellowish discoloration of a person's skin may be due to?
carotene
the _____ glands are located only in the ear canal.
cerumenous
Which glands secrete wax into the ear canal
ceruminous
the greatest source of body heat is through
contraction of skeletal muscles
Which type of skin cancer most commonly affects a person who frequently burn rather than tanning?
cutaneous melanoma
Which of these responses is employed by the body in an attempt to raise body temperature, when the others lised have failed? a - constrict skin blood vessels b - sweat glands inactivated c - slight skeletal muscle contraction d - shivering
d - shivering
Which term does not belong with the others? a - epidermis b - dermis c - cutaneous membrane d - subcutaneous region
d - subcutaneous region
Which of the following does not relate to sebaceous glands? a - produce sebum b - are associated with hair follicles c - provide waterproofing d 0 use merocrine methods
d - use merocrine methods
the main tissue in the dermis is ___
dense connective
What causes the epidermal ridges or fingerprints?
dermal papillae
The pattern of the epidermal ridges is determined by the pattern of what?
dermal papille
The sensors for touch and pressure are located in which layer of the skin
dermis
The term ______ means an inflammation of the skin
dermititis
Which of the following is not true about ceruminous glands? a-they are modified sebaceous glands b- they secrete cerumen c- they are found in the external auditory meatus d-they are found in the ear e- they serve no positive function
e - They serve no positive function
which glands respond to higher body temperature and release water onto the skin surface?
eccrine
hair and fingernails are derived from ____ cells.
epidermal
The _______ is the layer of skin that is primarily composed of stratified squamous epithelium
epidermis
Within the skin, a basement membrane can be found separating the _____ and the _____.
epidermis; dermis
A group of cells that surround the developing hair is called the
hair follicle
a ______ is a procedure that uses skin from a deceased person to treat a burned area.
homograft
The subcutaneous layer can also be referred to as the ____.
hypodermis
calluses are caused by a
increase in friction pressure
Epidermal grooves are most obvious at the
joints
Which of the following is not usually found in the dermis of the skin? a- collagenous fibers b- hair follicles c- large blood vessels d- arrector pilli puscles e- touch receptors
large blood vessels
What is the thick white area of the nail that reflects the rapid growth of the cells below it?
lunula
Where will the most rapidly dividing cells be found in the fingernail
lunula
____ is the whitish semi-circular area at the base of the nails
lunula
which are the sense organs that respond to touch?
meissner corpuscles
_______ is the pigment in the skin that is primarily responsible for the colorization of the skin
melanin
the darkness of hair is mainly due to
melanin concentration
Which membrane is comprised of the most diverse types of epithelial and connective tissue
mucous
The ____ is the major part of the nail that is visible.
nail plate
Cyanosis usually is the result of a reduction in _____.
oxygen
Which sensory structures detect pressure in the skin?
pacinian corpuscles
opening of pore is found
primarily in the dermis
stratum corneum is found
primarily in the dermis
stratum granulosum is found
primarily in the dermis
stratum spinosum is found
primarily in the dermis
Arrector pilli musc le is found
primarily in the epidermis
Hair follicles are found
primarily in the epidermis
capillaries are found
primarily in the epidermis
dermal papilla is found
primarily in the epidermis
sebaceous gland is found
primarily in the epidermis
striae are found?
primarily in the epidermis
sweat gland is found
primarily in the epidermis
touch receptors are found
primarily in the epidermis
large blood vessels is found
primarily in the subcutaneous layer
loose connective tissue is found?
primarily in the subcutaneous layer
adipose cells are found?
primarily in the subsutaneous layer
______ is the correct name for a skin disorder that results in itching
pruritis
_____ is a chronic, and sometimes acute, relapsing skin disease that is caused by increased mitotic division of epidermal cells.
psoriasis
the major loss of heat through the skin is by ___-
radiation
What term refers to the part of the hair that is located below the surface of the skin?
root
the part of the hair from the surface into the dermis is the _____.
root
which type of membrane is found around the abdominal organs
serous
_____ is the type of epithelium that primarily functions in protection
stratified squamous
Melanocytes lie within which layer of the skin
stratum basal and upper dermis
Where are melanocytes found?
stratum basale
Where are the youngest cells found
stratum basale
hair arises from which layer of the skin
stratum basale of the epidermis
which is the protective, outer epidermal layer that is composed of dead cells.
stratum corneum
within the skin, where is the greatest amount of keratin found
stratum corneum
What layer of the epidermis is only found on the palms and soles?
stratum lucidium
in which layer of the skin is adipose tissue most abundant
subcutaneous
Sweat glands can also be called ____ glands
sudoriferous
What skin glands function in excretion and temperature regulation
sudoriferous
What type of membrane is composed of only connective tissue?
synovial
What is the main factor used in insulating the body
the presence of adipose
the color of red hair is due to
trichosiderin
What causes an increase in melanin production?
ultraviolet light
A ____ degree burn is considered to be the most severe.
3rd
Striae (stretch marks) are formed in the _____ of the skin.
Dermis
What layer of the skin contains connective tissue and collagenous and elastic fibers?
Dermis
_____ is an infection of the skin that primarily affects children and is caused by streptococcus or staphylococcus bacteria. It causes lesions.
Impetigo
What removes surface epithelial cells?
Keratinolytic Agent
The epidermis is thickest on the ______.
Soles of the feet
Which of the following is not a part of the integumentary system? a - Teeth b - hair c - skin d - nails e - Oil Glands
a - Teeth
Which of the following is not a function of the integumentary system? a- movement b-protection c - temperature regulation d - synthesis of vitamin D e - eliminate waste
a - movement
Which of the following is not a function of the skin? a - takin in nutrients b - preventing enty of microorganisms c - retarding water loss d - regulating body temperature
a - taking in nutrients