A&P Unit 6 -

What is an important function of melanin?

absorbs harmful radiation

____ is the genetic inability to produce melanin

albinism

The term _____ means the loss of hair

alopecia

what is the medical term for male pattern baldness

androgenic alopecia

Goose bumps in the skin are caused by contraction of the _____ in response to cold or emotions.

arrector pili muscle

The term goose bumps is directly related to which structures?

arrector pili muscles

The ______ muscles are attached to the root of each hair.

arrector pilli

What type of graft involves the transplanting of one's own skin from an unburned region of the body to a burned area

autograft

which statement is true about tans and tanning? a - sunning for the purpose of tanning produces healthier skin. b - a tan indicates sun damage to the skin c - tans last even if the skin has not been exposed to the sun for months d - tanning promotes skin with a more youthful appearance

b - a tan indicates sun damage to the skin

Which of the following does not belong with the others? a - acne vulgaris b - alopecia c - comedones d - pustules

b - alopecia

Which of the following is not a synonym for the others a - bedsore b - shingles c - decubitus ulcer d - pressure sore

b - shingles

Which term does not belong with the others? a- basal cells b- stratum corneum c - stratum germinativum d - germinal layer

b - stratum corneum

which of these phrases does not characterize the dermis? a - conical dermal papillae b - thinner in areas receiving greater friction and use. c - loss of elasticity with age and sun exposure d - muscle and nerve fibers

b - thinner in areas receiving greater friction and use

_____ is another name for the stratum basale

basal cell row

What separates the epidermis from the dermis?

basement membrane

____ is a common name for a decubitus ulcer.

bed sore

which of the following does not contribute to heat loss from the body? a- evaporation b- convection c - cellular d - radiation

c - cellular

Which of these cells give rise to skin cancers? a - dermal cells b - reticular cells c - epithelial cells d - subcutaneous cells

c - epithelial cells

Which of the following membranes lack an epithelial layer a - serous b - mucus c- synovial d- cutaneous

c - synovial

which of the following provides strength to the dermis? a - the amount of blood vessels b- the distribution of elastic fibers c - the presence of collagen fibers d- the thickness of the layers

c - the presence of collagen fibers

The pigment ____, found in vegetables, can impart a yellow or orange color to the skin.

carotene

The yellowish discoloration of a person's skin may be due to?

carotene

the _____ glands are located only in the ear canal.

cerumenous

Which glands secrete wax into the ear canal

ceruminous

the greatest source of body heat is through

contraction of skeletal muscles

Which type of skin cancer most commonly affects a person who frequently burn rather than tanning?

cutaneous melanoma

Which of these responses is employed by the body in an attempt to raise body temperature, when the others lised have failed? a - constrict skin blood vessels b - sweat glands inactivated c - slight skeletal muscle contraction d - shivering

d - shivering

Which term does not belong with the others? a - epidermis b - dermis c - cutaneous membrane d - subcutaneous region

d - subcutaneous region

Which of the following does not relate to sebaceous glands? a - produce sebum b - are associated with hair follicles c - provide waterproofing d 0 use merocrine methods

d - use merocrine methods

the main tissue in the dermis is ___

dense connective

What causes the epidermal ridges or fingerprints?

dermal papillae

The pattern of the epidermal ridges is determined by the pattern of what?

dermal papille

The sensors for touch and pressure are located in which layer of the skin

dermis

The term ______ means an inflammation of the skin

dermititis

Which of the following is not true about ceruminous glands? a-they are modified sebaceous glands b- they secrete cerumen c- they are found in the external auditory meatus d-they are found in the ear e- they serve no positive function

e - They serve no positive function

which glands respond to higher body temperature and release water onto the skin surface?

eccrine

hair and fingernails are derived from ____ cells.

epidermal

The _______ is the layer of skin that is primarily composed of stratified squamous epithelium

epidermis

Within the skin, a basement membrane can be found separating the _____ and the _____.

epidermis; dermis

A group of cells that surround the developing hair is called the

hair follicle

a ______ is a procedure that uses skin from a deceased person to treat a burned area.

homograft

The subcutaneous layer can also be referred to as the ____.

hypodermis

calluses are caused by a

increase in friction pressure

Epidermal grooves are most obvious at the

joints

Which of the following is not usually found in the dermis of the skin? a- collagenous fibers b- hair follicles c- large blood vessels d- arrector pilli puscles e- touch receptors

large blood vessels

What is the thick white area of the nail that reflects the rapid growth of the cells below it?

lunula

Where will the most rapidly dividing cells be found in the fingernail

lunula

____ is the whitish semi-circular area at the base of the nails

lunula

which are the sense organs that respond to touch?

meissner corpuscles

_______ is the pigment in the skin that is primarily responsible for the colorization of the skin

melanin

the darkness of hair is mainly due to

melanin concentration

Which membrane is comprised of the most diverse types of epithelial and connective tissue

mucous

The ____ is the major part of the nail that is visible.

nail plate

Cyanosis usually is the result of a reduction in _____.

oxygen

Which sensory structures detect pressure in the skin?

pacinian corpuscles

opening of pore is found

primarily in the dermis

stratum corneum is found

primarily in the dermis

stratum granulosum is found

primarily in the dermis

stratum spinosum is found

primarily in the dermis

Arrector pilli musc le is found

primarily in the epidermis

Hair follicles are found

primarily in the epidermis

capillaries are found

primarily in the epidermis

dermal papilla is found

primarily in the epidermis

sebaceous gland is found

primarily in the epidermis

striae are found?

primarily in the epidermis

sweat gland is found

primarily in the epidermis

touch receptors are found

primarily in the epidermis

large blood vessels is found

primarily in the subcutaneous layer

loose connective tissue is found?

primarily in the subcutaneous layer

adipose cells are found?

primarily in the subsutaneous layer

______ is the correct name for a skin disorder that results in itching

pruritis

_____ is a chronic, and sometimes acute, relapsing skin disease that is caused by increased mitotic division of epidermal cells.

psoriasis

the major loss of heat through the skin is by ___-

radiation

What term refers to the part of the hair that is located below the surface of the skin?

root

the part of the hair from the surface into the dermis is the _____.

root

which type of membrane is found around the abdominal organs

serous

_____ is the type of epithelium that primarily functions in protection

stratified squamous

Melanocytes lie within which layer of the skin

stratum basal and upper dermis

Where are melanocytes found?

stratum basale

Where are the youngest cells found

stratum basale

hair arises from which layer of the skin

stratum basale of the epidermis

which is the protective, outer epidermal layer that is composed of dead cells.

stratum corneum

within the skin, where is the greatest amount of keratin found

stratum corneum

What layer of the epidermis is only found on the palms and soles?

stratum lucidium

in which layer of the skin is adipose tissue most abundant

subcutaneous

Sweat glands can also be called ____ glands

sudoriferous

What skin glands function in excretion and temperature regulation

sudoriferous

What type of membrane is composed of only connective tissue?

synovial

What is the main factor used in insulating the body

the presence of adipose

the color of red hair is due to

trichosiderin

What causes an increase in melanin production?

ultraviolet light

A ____ degree burn is considered to be the most severe.

3rd

Striae (stretch marks) are formed in the _____ of the skin.

Dermis

What layer of the skin contains connective tissue and collagenous and elastic fibers?

Dermis

_____ is an infection of the skin that primarily affects children and is caused by streptococcus or staphylococcus bacteria. It causes lesions.

Impetigo

What removes surface epithelial cells?

Keratinolytic Agent

The epidermis is thickest on the ______.

Soles of the feet

Which of the following is not a part of the integumentary system? a - Teeth b - hair c - skin d - nails e - Oil Glands

a - Teeth

Which of the following is not a function of the integumentary system? a- movement b-protection c - temperature regulation d - synthesis of vitamin D e - eliminate waste

a - movement

Which of the following is not a function of the skin? a - takin in nutrients b - preventing enty of microorganisms c - retarding water loss d - regulating body temperature

a - taking in nutrients