Abeka 9th grade Science: Matter and Energy Test 4 (ch. 6-7)
which type of chemical bonding results from the transfer of electrons
ionic
what is a diagram showing the locations of all the atoms and outermost electrons in a compound
Lewis structure
oxygen
O
list and define the three types of intermolecular forces and identify which types of molecules each force affects
Dipole-dipole forces London forces Hydrogen bonding you will need to expound upon these areas
what side states that it is impossible to simultaneously know both the velocity and position of an electron
Heisenberg uncertainty principle
Sodium
Na
what idea states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same four quantum numbers
Pauli exclusion principle
the rules that most atoms tend to react to obtain eight electrons in the outermost shell is the rule
octet
inside what regions do electrons move unpredictable according to the electoncloud model of the atom
orbitals
what element makes app most of the mss of the human body
oxygen
which of the following does not increase the rate oat which a substance dissolves
increasing concentration
what are molecules with the same number and types of atoms in different arrangements
isomers
what are atoms of the same element that have different mass numbers
isotopes
What is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature
mercury
In which type of chemical bonding are electrons shared among all atoms in the substance
metallic
what is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule
molecular mass
by physical properties, elements are divided into three groups: metals, semimetals and
nonmetals
protons and neutrons are found in the atomic________-
nucleus
what is a picture containing tiny suspended clumps or particles called
colloid
potassium
K
Which of the following is not a principle of the atomic theory
All atoms are made of subatomic particles
gold
Au
in what type of radioactive decay is an electron emitted
beta
an atom that has a positive electrical charge because of losing electrons is a ______________
cation
what term refers to the minimum amount of fissionable material required for a chain reaction to occur
critical mass
electrons that are shared by more than two atoms are said to be
delocalized
which subatomic particle has a negative charge
electron
what property describes how strongly atoms of an element pul on electrons in a chemical bond
electronegativity
What substances are composed of a single type of atom
elements
what is the simplest ratio of atoms in a nomnolecular compound
formula unit
how many atoms of hydrogen are in the compound C2H4O2
four
the process of combining tow nuclei to form a heavier nucleus is
fusion
what is the time required for one half of a radioactive sample to decay into a new substance
half life
if the molecules of a mixture are not completely mixed together, the substance is a _______________ mixture
heterogeneous
a substance with strong intermolecular forces typically has a _____________ boiling point than a substance with weak intermolecular forces
higher
what is the general name given to any row of elements on the periodic table
period
the low stating that elements show regular and repeating properties when arranged by increasing atomic numbers is the ____________ law
periodic
if an atom is covalently bonded to an atom with a different electronegativity then the bond between them is
polar
what type of substance is MnO4-
polyatomic ion
a substance that comes out of solution is said to
precipitate
which idea states that tiny particles do not absorb or release energy in a smooth flow
quantum theory
what are theoretical particles that may compose both protons and neutrons
quarks
what process occurs when an atomic nucleus breaks up or changes, emitting radiaton
radioactive decay
which of the following elements is an alkali metal
sodium
what is the ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance
solubility
the substance in a solution that is dissolved is the
solute
Which type of chemical formula shows the general arrangement of atoms in molecules
structural
if three pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms, the resulting bond is a ________________-bond
triple (covalent)
the name of the compound that contains one uranium atom and six fluorine atoms is
uranium hexafluoride
what term describes the outermost shell of electrons of any atom
valence electrons
