Abnormal Final Exam (Quizzes)

What is the primary source of sexual excitement for sexual sadists?

The victim's suffering

At a rave, a student used a substance that caused a great burst of energy, along with badly distorted visual experiences. The student MOST likely:

Took ecstasy

A person who is biologically male but considers himself a woman and would like to live as a woman is:

Transgender

Comorbidity describes a situation in which:

Two disorders occur together in an individual

If Dr. Henson is looking for a biological cause of an erectile disorder, she would MOST productively look for a:

Vascular problem

Approximately what percentage of smokers are eventually able to stop?

50 percent

Like those with paranoid personality disorder, those with avoidant personality disorder usually:

Are very sensitive to criticism and avoid close relationships

Lydia has difficulty with interpersonal interactions but is otherwise high functioning. In the past, she would have been diagnosed with Asperger's disorder. Using the current DSM-5 criteria, she would now be diagnosed with:

Autism spectrum disorder

Nations that pioneered normalization in the treatment of intellectual disability include:

Denmark and Sweden

Which is characteristic of MOST mass murderers?

Feelings of persecution and desire for revenge

In a very crowded department store during the Christmas rush, a woman suddenly feels a stranger rubbing his genital area against her thigh. He continues until the crowd begins to break up, and then he moves away. The MOST likely diagnosis for this man is:

Frotteurism

Which statement is true regarding the intersection of sexual abuse, gender, and socioeconomic status?

Girls, regardless of their socioeconomic group, are the most common victims of sexual abuse

Compared to the mental health professionals of early twentieth century, today's mental health professionals:

Give a lot more attention to the needs and problems of children

Which statement is TRUE regarding gender differences in heavy drinkers?

Heavy drinking is at least twice as likely in men as it is in women

Why is the risk of transmitting AIDS an important factor for heroin users?

Heroin users often share needles that can be infected

Melanie has been out with friends and has been using drugs. Despite being obviously uncoordinated and under the influence, she wants to drive her car. Her condition is an example of:

Intoxication

Symptoms of vaginismus always include:

Involuntary contraction of vaginal muscles

The most consistent feature of intellectual disability is that the person with the disability:

Learns very slowly

If instruments such as the Big Five are used to describe personality, rather than relying on DSM-5, then diagnoses of psychological disorder would become:

Less categorical and more a matter of degree

Autoerotic asphyxia is a fatal side effect associated with:

Masochistic practice

What does the process of covert sensitization for fetishism involve?

Mentally pairing a fetish object with an aversive stimulus

An orgasm is a release of sexual tension through:

Muscle contraction

After an accident, Kendra was taken to the hospital with broken legs and arms. She was almost immediately given a shot that reduced her pain. The shot was MOST likely a(n):

Opioid

An enduring, rigid pattern of inner experience and outward behavior that impairs the sense of self, emotional experiences, goals, capacity for empathy, and/or capacity for intimacy is termed:

Personality disorder

The long-term pattern of maladaptive behavior caused by the regular use of some chemical or drug is called:

Substance use disorder

The term sensate focus refers to the technique in which:

The sexual relationship is rebuilt, concentrating on pleasure

Methods of supplying nicotine to persons who are trying to quit smoking include all of the following EXCEPT

The subcutaneous nicotine pump

Cognitive-behavioral theorists propose that people who develop narcissistic personality disorder may have been treated:

Too positively in early life

Which of the following would a qualified sex therapist be LEAST likely to say to a client?

"Focus on your performance as if you were a spectator."

An example of a sedative-hypnotic is:

A benzodiazepine

According to one psychological view of autism, the awareness that other people base their behaviors on their own belief, and not on information they have no way of knowing, is not present in children with autism spectrum disorder. In other words, they lack:

A theory of mind

Which parents would be LEAST likely to have children who receive effective treatment for ADHD?

African Americans who are medicaid-insured

In males, the penis becomes erect during which phase of the sexual response cycle?

Excitement

Which is NOT considered an odd personality disorder?

Antisocial personality disorder

An adult has been jailed for the third time for fraud; each time it has been for persuading investors to put money into a phony silver mine. If the adult has received a DSM-5 diagnosis, it is MOST likely either:

Antisocial personality disorder or a substance-related disorder

The purpose of an antagonist drug is to:

Block or change the effect of an addictive drug

The MOST recent research has provided evidence that the primary causes of autism spectrum disorder include:

Brain abnormalities

Of the following, which has the LOWEST risks for drug dependency and long-term behavioral change?

Cannabis

One useful approach to treating enuresis employs:

Classical conditioning

What is the name of the comprehensive treatment approach applied particularly in cases of borderline personality disorder and/or suicidal intent?

Dialectical behavioral training

A child is extremely aggressive. She is always fighting with her peers and is frequently very cruel to them. She never tells the truth. Her MOST likely diagnosis is:

Conduct disorder

Cocaine appears to produce its effects primarily through triggering the release of excessive amounts of _____ in the brain.

Dopamine

A child does well in some school subjects. However, the only way that he can read is slowly, one word at a time. He must direct his gaze with his index finger. Even with great effort, he makes many errors and has poor comprehension. This is a description of:

Dyslexia

The most common male sexual dysfunction is:

Early ejaculation

Transgender people who experience extreme distress over the incongruence of their gender identity and/or find themselves impaired by it in their social relationships, at work, or at school have:

Gender dysphoria

During the young adult years, which experience is LEAST common among women?

Having had sexual contact with a same-sex partner

The personality disorder that is characterized by the need for undying love and admiration is:

Narcissistic

A group of diagnostic clinicians can't agree with each other on appropriate personality disorder diagnoses for several clients. In fact, it is obvious that, in many cases, they have inaccurately made their diagnoses. Assuming they are competent clinicians, this situation would indicate the DSM-5 categories for personality disorder are:

Neither reliable nor valid

Which trait is common in people with antisocial personality disorder?

Reckless

Axl has always been a loner. He has never much cared for being with other people and does not form relationships easily. He appears to be without emotion. Axl may be exhibiting:

Schizoid personality disorder

The disorder that appears to be MOST closely related to the schizotypal personality disorder is:

Schizophrenia

A similarity among children with separation anxiety and those with school refusal is that they both fear going to school and often stay home. The difference in the symptoms of these diagnoses is that:

School refusal often involves fear of others at school, academic fears, and fears of objects at school

Girls are more likely than boys to be diagnosed with:

Separation anxiety

If one knew nothing more than that a person with intellectual disability also had extensive and severe neurological dysfunction and physical handicaps, the MOST likely estimate of that person's level of intellectual disability would be:

Severe or profound

Ayesha decided to go to therapy to address her low sexual desire and limited sex life with her husband. She talks about lots of issues from her past. The event from her past that her therapist believes is most responsible for her low sexual desire is:

Sexual molestation

Researchers have found that substance use disorders are more common among some religious groups than others and generally are more common among some groups than among others. Together, these findings provide the MOST support for which view of substance use disorders?

Sociocultural

MOST cases of mild intellectual disability seem to be related to:

Sociocultural and psychological factors

A child who is severely criticized for acting independently, and who is praised for doing exactly what parents say to do, later develops dependent personality disorder. The therapist who would be LEAST surprised by this outcome would have which theoretical orientation?

Sociocultural or cognitive-behavioral

DSM-5 includes gambling disorder as an addictive disorder, along with substance use disorders. This change is considered important because it:

Suggests that people may become addicted to behaviors, not just substances.

Probably the WORST thing a person who has "partied hard" with alcohol could do right after drinking would be to:

Take some barbiturates to fall asleep