Adolescents

What does the term "smokeless tobacco" refer to? Select all that apply. 1 A substitute for cigarettes 2 Tobacco products that are safe for adolescents 3 Tobacco products that produce less smoke 4 Tobacco products with carcinogenic chemicals 5 Tobacco products placed in mouth but not ignited

1 A substitute for cigarettes 4 Tobacco products with carcinogenic chemicals 5 Tobacco products placed in mouth but not ignited "Smokeless tobacco" is the term used for tobacco products that are cigarette substitutes. These items are consumed by placing them in mouth, but they are not ignited. Smokeless tobacco contains carcinogenic agents that are not safe in adolescents. Tobacco products that produce less smoke are not considered smokeless

What is the most common cause of ophthalmia neonatorum in infants born to adolescent mothers? 1 Chlamydia 2 Gonorrhea 3 Human papilloma virus 4 Herpes simplex virus

1 Chlamydia Ophthalmia neonatorum is a neonatal infection caused when the infant is born to a mother who has a chlamydia infection.

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of an adolescent child with nephrotic syndrome. What does the nurse expect analysis of the child's urine to reveal? 1 High protein level 2 Low specific gravity 3 Numerous red blood cells 4 Several crystalline particles

1 High protein level Protein (albumin) is present in the urine of children with nephrotic syndrome; it is evidence of kidney damage. Proteinuria, combined with oliguria, results in an increased urine specific gravity. Only rarely do red blood cells (RBCs) or RBC casts filter through the glomerular basement membrane. Crystals are not found in the urine of children with nephrotic syndrome.

A teenager is being discharged with a cast. What should the nurse recommend if the client experiences pruritus around the cast edges? 1 "Scratch the itchy area gently." 2 "Put an ice pack on the affected area." 3 "Sprinkle a layer of powder around the itchy spots." 4 "Ask your doctor for a prescription for an antihistamine."

2 "Put an ice pack on the affected area." An ice pack numbs the area and may temporarily diminish the discomfort. Scratching stimulates the release of histamine, which worsens the pruritus; also, scratching may break the skin and open an avenue for infection. Powder may become caked and slip under the cast, causing additional discomfort. Also, powder should be avoided because it is toxic if inhaled. Antihistamines are not prescribed unless all other measures have failed.

While performing preoperative teaching a nurse explores a young adolescent's concern about changes in appearance after surgery to correct scoliosis. What is the most appropriate statement by the nurse? 1 "After surgery your back will be much straighter." 2 "You're concerned about how you'll look after surgery." 3 "Many teenagers who have this type of surgery do very well." 4 "Your parents think it's important for you to have this surgery."

2 "You're concerned about how you'll look after surgery." By saying, "You're concerned about how you'll look after surgery," the nurse is using the technique of paraphrasing to encourage the adolescent to expand on personal concerns, which may relieve anxiety. Adolescents tend to be focused on the present, not the future; the nurse should focus on the adolescent's current concerns. Focusing on others is not client-centered care; the nurse should focus on the adolescent.

What is female athlete triad? 1 Amenorrhea in athlete females 2 Hypogonadotropic amenorrhea 3 Amenorrhea, an eating disorder, and osteoporosis 4 Amenorrhea and osteoporosis

3 Amenorrhea, an eating disorder, and osteoporosis Athletes with amenorrhea, irregular eating habits and reduced nutritional intake, and osteoporosis are said to have female athlete triad. Simple amenorrhea is not considered female athlete triad. Hypogonadotropic amenorrhea results from a problem in the central hypothalamic-pituitary axis, where there is a hypothalamic suppression resulting in amenorrhea.

What transformations occur during the mid-puberty stage of a normally developing adolescent female? 1 Scanty and irregular menstrual periods 2 Appearance of pubic hair and an increase in normal vaginal discharge 3 Breast enlargement and the growth of pubic hair 4 Changes in the nipple and areola and the development of a small bud of breast tissue

3 Breast enlargement and the growth of pubic hair During mid-puberty, the breast enlarges from a small bud of breast tissue, while pubic hair develops and covering the mons pubis and labia majora. Scanty and irregular menstrual periods are a characteristic feature of late-puberty. The first appearance of pubic hair, an increase in normal vaginal discharge, changes in the nipple and areola, and the development of a small bud of breast tissue occur during early-puberty.

Which herbal medication would the nurse suggest to a client to reduce premenstrual discomfort? 1 Fennel 2 Bugleweed 3 Chamomile 4 Black cohosh root

4 Black cohosh root Black cohosh root is used to reduce premenstrual discomfort and tension associated with menstrual disorders. Fennel is an uterotonic agent that is used to reduce menstrual cramping and dysmenorrhea. Bugleweed is an antigonadotropic agent that decreases prolactin levels and reduces breast pain. Chamomile is an antispasmodic agent that helps to reduce breast pain.

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a 13-year-old adolescent with type 1 diabetes. What test is considered the most accurate in the evaluation of the effectiveness of diet and insulin therapy over time? 1 Blood pH 2 Serum protein level 3 Serum glucose level 4 Glycosylated hemoglobin

4 Glycosylated hemoglobin The glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb) test provides an accurate long-term index of the child's average blood glucose level for the 10- to 12-day period before the test; the more glucose the red blood cells were exposed to, the greater the GHb percentage. A high blood pH may indicate developing ketoacidosis, but it reflects short-term variations. Serum protein readings do not reflect the effectiveness of glucose management. Serum glucose readings reflect short-term (hours) variations.

An 18-year-old adolescent who was diagnosed with new-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus has stress and reports not having a menstrual cycle for a long time. Which condition is the adolescent experiencing? 1 Amenorrhea 2 Primary amenorrhea 3 Female athlete triad 4 Hypogonadotropic amenorrhea

4 Hypogonadotropic amenorrhea Hypogonadotropic amenorrhea may occur in type 1 diabetic adolescents experiencing stress. This condition can also result from sudden and severe weight loss, eating disorders, strenuous exercise, and mental illness.

A nurse instructs the parents of an adolescent with asthma how to reduce the allergens in the child's bedroom. The mother tells the nurse what she plans to do to make the room hypoallergenic. Which idea indicates that further teaching is needed? 1 Removing a stuffed animal collection 2 Storing off-season clothing in another room 3 Covering the mattress with a plastic slipcover 4 Using flat outdoor carpeting to cover hardwood floors

4 Using flat outdoor carpeting to cover hardwood floors Hardwood floors can be cleaned more easily than rugs can and are more hypoallergenic than outdoor carpeting. Stuffed toys are often sources of dust and mold. Out-of-season clothing harbors dust and should not be stored in the allergic child's room. Using a plastic slipcover reduces the child's exposure to dust generated by the mattress.

What is the minimum heart rate of a 14 year old? Record your answer using a whole number. _____________ beats per minute

60 Beats per minute