aging and society
The sex ratio in the older population has declined throughout the 20th century due to
better health care for women during childbearing years and increases in work related disease among men.
Studies show that spiritual practices can lead to
better health, social relations, and life satisfaction.
The three areas that make up the core of aging studies are
biomedicine; psychosocialstudies; and socioeconomic-environmental studies.
Binstock and George (2006. trace the interest in anti-aging medicine and science to ________ social conditions.
5
The terms old, elderly, and aged in this book refer to people aged ______ and over.
65
Palmore (2001) reports that ______ of older people experienced more than 1 incident of ageism.
77%
The fastest growing age group in the country is the group aged
85 and over.
Which of the following is a major source of ageism?
All of the above (the media, lack of knowledge, educational institutions)
________ is the most common form of dementia among older people.
Alzheimer's
________ is a genetic process that switches off the cell's ability to divide, thus controlling cell growth and cell death
Apoptosis
In general, ________ elders have the highest economic status of any minority groups in the U.S.
Asian American
Chapter 3
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 7
Why does Florida have one of the largest proportions of population aged 65 and older in the U.S.?
Congregation of older people to Florida.
Gerontologists place changes in older people into one of three categories, which of the following is not a category of change?
Gender effect
______ is the study of aging.
Gerontology
Older people in the ________ subgroup have higher incomes and longer life expectancy than other Asian American elders
Japanese
What are two levels of theories that scientists use?
Micro-level theories and macro-level theories.
Ageism in our culture is a _______ attitude towards aging
Negative
What is the major conclusion drawn from dependency ratios?
Older people will place more of a burden on society.
Sociologists describe _____ as a negative attitude toward a group or class of people.
Prejudice
_______ can lead to prejudice, discrimination, and inappropriate treatment.
Stereotyping
Demographers use three measures to describe population. Which of the following is not a measure of population aging?
The educational level of the population
________ looks at the links between personal history an a person's social and historical context.
The life course perspective
How do the oldest old population differ demographically from the young old population today?
The old-old have smaller social networks.
Which of the following reasons for studying again was not given in the text?
To enable older people to reverse or avoid the effects of aging.
New Ageism refers to
a desire to give more help to older people.
Geriatrics is defined as
a medical specialty that deals with older people.
Three trends that lead to an older population are
accumulation, composition, and congregation.
The current health care system best provides help for people with ________ illness.
acute
In the future, social policies and programs must
adapt to meet the needs of minority elders income, health care, and social service needs.
ADL and IADL problems increase with
age.
Some older people move to enjoy a new lifestyle at retirement. This type of move is called
amenity migration.
The major chronic disability migration takes place when
an older person moves from a community setting to an institution.
Biomedicine studies refers to the study of
changes in the body that comes with age.
The life course perspective is a ________ process.
changing
chapter 2
chapter 2
Research methods provide ways to
conflict, analyze, and report information.
Studies show that the incidence of acute illness ________with age and incidence of chronic illness ________ with age.
decreases; increases
Successful aging refers to people who ________ in physiological functions.
demonstrate little or no loss
Examples of normative history graded events are
depression and war.
Hispanics show a ________ in economic measures and an ________ in measures of family life and informal supports.
disadvantage; advantage
Studies on aging and mental potential suggest that ________ helps maintain good mental function.
education, training, and physical activities
Socioeconomic-environmental studies
examine the effects of aging on social institutions.
Gerontologists create theories to
explain a set of facts.
Gerontologists work to replace myths and stereotypes of aging with________.
facts and knowledge.
Older African Americans interact with and get support from
family, friends, church members, and associations.
Continuity theory suggest that mildly active people in their middle years will
feel most satisfied with a mildly active old age.
Minority elders currently tend to under-use
formal supports.
Gerontologists are now showing an interest in minority aging because the proportion of minority group members in the older population will
increase.
Age stratification theory links
individual aging to social institutions.
Biologists distinguish between two cause of aging: ________ aging due to normal physical functions, and ________ aging due to environment.
intrinsic; extrinsic
One example of a macro-level theory
is modernization theory.
The social model of health care aims to
keep older people in the community.
The ________ links early life experiences to action and attitudes in later life.
life course perspective
The ________ puts minority aging in the context of personal history, culture, world events, and the conditions in the wider society.
life course perspective
Palmores reseach on the FAQ suggests that most people know _____ about aging and have _____ misconceptions.
little; many
Better health care and disease prevention has lead to
longer life in old age and will extend the lives of more people in the future.
The U.S. Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) prohibits
mandatory retirement at any age
Examples of normative age graded events are
marriage and retirement.
The major source of ageism today is the
media.
Surgery, rehabilitation through physical therapy, and drug therapy are the preferred methods of the ________ model.
medical
Florida is the lead destination state for
migrating retirees.
The major causes of population changes are
migration, birth rates, and death rates.
Gerontologists who study minority aging must keep ________ in mind.
minority group diversity
Wisdom makes older people
more skilled at working on problems related to real life situations.
One social condition that contributes to the interest in anti-aging science and medicine is
new scientific findings that may slow or reverse the aging process.
The status of gerontology as a discipline depends
on a distinct body of knowledge.
Macro-level theories focus
on large scale events.
Researchers conclude that older people do as well as younger people
on problems related to real-life dilemmas.
Successful aging based on the SOC model encourages people, at whatever age or physical condition, to
optimize their abilities and compensate for losses.
The main psychological problems in old age are
organic and functional disorders
Some older people suffer from diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and strokes. These are called
organic diseases.
The study of successful aging shows that
people can develop strategies to cope with loss of function.
The U.S. today looks more like a ________ in which many racial and ethnic groups exist side by side.
pluralistic society
Men die younger than women, but women have ________ in later life.
poorer health
Congress (McCann and Ventrell-Monses, 2010) enacted the ADEA to
promote the employment of older workers based on ability rather than age.
Stereotypes whether negative or compassionate,
results in an increase in public support for older people.
The effects of senescence differs from person to person, but in general, ________ declines with age
skin elasticity
Micro-level theories focus
small scale events.
Health care for older people has begun to shift towards the ________ because of the high cost of institutional care.
social model
The study of life events looks at the influence of ________ on human development.
society
According to Rowe and Kahn (1998., ________ is the ability to 1. maintain a low risk of disease, 2. maintain high levels of mental and physical functions, and 3. actively engage in life.
successful aging
The dependency ratio gives a crude measure of how many middle-aged people exist to
support younger and older people in the population.
New devices and new medical therapies are examples of improvements in ________ that can help older people cope with disabilities.
technology
Improvements in ________ could lead to better functioning in later life.
technology, lifestyle, self-care, and the environment
Research on ________ finds a decrease in religious participation within the cohort.
the Baby Boom generation
Psychosocial studies look at
the changes that take place inside the individual and between individuals and groups.
The future goals of gerontology suggest that
the possibility of human life extension is real and interventions that postpone human aging are possible.
Social gerontology makes up a part of the total body of gerontological knowledge and includes
the psychosocial, the socioeconomic-environmental, practice related studies of aging.
Members of ________ will likely have access to and make the most of formal support systems.
the white group
Societies use age, gender, social class, and minority group membership to classify people. The multiple jeopardy theory states that a person with ________ or more of these characteristics will face an increased risk of death and illness.
two
The term "dominant group" in the United States applies to the ________ population.
white
By the year 2003, the proportion of minorities
will increase.
Disengagement theory sees ________ as inevitable and satisfying to the individual and society.
withdrawal
A number of studies report a decrease in ________ memory with age.
working
Today the nonwhite population in the U.S is
younger than the white population.
