aging and society

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The sex ratio in the older population has declined throughout the 20th century due to

better health care for women during childbearing years and increases in work related disease among men.

Studies show that spiritual practices can lead to

better health, social relations, and life satisfaction.

The three areas that make up the core of aging studies are

biomedicine; psychosocialstudies; and socioeconomic-environmental studies.

Binstock and George (2006. trace the interest in anti-aging medicine and science to ________ social conditions.

5

The terms old, elderly, and aged in this book refer to people aged ______ and over.

65

Palmore (2001) reports that ______ of older people experienced more than 1 incident of ageism.

77%

The fastest growing age group in the country is the group aged

85 and over.

Which of the following is a major source of ageism?

All of the above (the media, lack of knowledge, educational institutions)

________ is the most common form of dementia among older people.

Alzheimer's

________ is a genetic process that switches off the cell's ability to divide, thus controlling cell growth and cell death

Apoptosis

In general, ________ elders have the highest economic status of any minority groups in the U.S.

Asian American

Chapter 3

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Chapter 4

Chapter 5

Chapter 5

Chapter 6

Chapter 6

Chapter 7

Chapter 7

Why does Florida have one of the largest proportions of population aged 65 and older in the U.S.?

Congregation of older people to Florida.

Gerontologists place changes in older people into one of three categories, which of the following is not a category of change?

Gender effect

______ is the study of aging.

Gerontology

Older people in the ________ subgroup have higher incomes and longer life expectancy than other Asian American elders

Japanese

What are two levels of theories that scientists use?

Micro-level theories and macro-level theories.

Ageism in our culture is a _______ attitude towards aging

Negative

What is the major conclusion drawn from dependency ratios?

Older people will place more of a burden on society.

Sociologists describe _____ as a negative attitude toward a group or class of people.

Prejudice

_______ can lead to prejudice, discrimination, and inappropriate treatment.

Stereotyping

Demographers use three measures to describe population. Which of the following is not a measure of population aging?

The educational level of the population

________ looks at the links between personal history an a person's social and historical context.

The life course perspective

How do the oldest old population differ demographically from the young old population today?

The old-old have smaller social networks.

Which of the following reasons for studying again was not given in the text?

To enable older people to reverse or avoid the effects of aging.

New Ageism refers to

a desire to give more help to older people.

Geriatrics is defined as

a medical specialty that deals with older people.

Three trends that lead to an older population are

accumulation, composition, and congregation.

The current health care system best provides help for people with ________ illness.

acute

In the future, social policies and programs must

adapt to meet the needs of minority elders income, health care, and social service needs.

ADL and IADL problems increase with

age.

Some older people move to enjoy a new lifestyle at retirement. This type of move is called

amenity migration.

The major chronic disability migration takes place when

an older person moves from a community setting to an institution.

Biomedicine studies refers to the study of

changes in the body that comes with age.

The life course perspective is a ________ process.

changing

chapter 2

chapter 2

Research methods provide ways to

conflict, analyze, and report information.

Studies show that the incidence of acute illness ________with age and incidence of chronic illness ________ with age.

decreases; increases

Successful aging refers to people who ________ in physiological functions.

demonstrate little or no loss

Examples of normative history graded events are

depression and war.

Hispanics show a ________ in economic measures and an ________ in measures of family life and informal supports.

disadvantage; advantage

Studies on aging and mental potential suggest that ________ helps maintain good mental function.

education, training, and physical activities

Socioeconomic-environmental studies

examine the effects of aging on social institutions.

Gerontologists create theories to

explain a set of facts.

Gerontologists work to replace myths and stereotypes of aging with________.

facts and knowledge.

Older African Americans interact with and get support from

family, friends, church members, and associations.

Continuity theory suggest that mildly active people in their middle years will

feel most satisfied with a mildly active old age.

Minority elders currently tend to under-use

formal supports.

Gerontologists are now showing an interest in minority aging because the proportion of minority group members in the older population will

increase.

Age stratification theory links

individual aging to social institutions.

Biologists distinguish between two cause of aging: ________ aging due to normal physical functions, and ________ aging due to environment.

intrinsic; extrinsic

One example of a macro-level theory

is modernization theory.

The social model of health care aims to

keep older people in the community.

The ________ links early life experiences to action and attitudes in later life.

life course perspective

The ________ puts minority aging in the context of personal history, culture, world events, and the conditions in the wider society.

life course perspective

Palmores reseach on the FAQ suggests that most people know _____ about aging and have _____ misconceptions.

little; many

Better health care and disease prevention has lead to

longer life in old age and will extend the lives of more people in the future.

The U.S. Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) prohibits

mandatory retirement at any age

Examples of normative age graded events are

marriage and retirement.

The major source of ageism today is the

media.

Surgery, rehabilitation through physical therapy, and drug therapy are the preferred methods of the ________ model.

medical

Florida is the lead destination state for

migrating retirees.

The major causes of population changes are

migration, birth rates, and death rates.

Gerontologists who study minority aging must keep ________ in mind.

minority group diversity

Wisdom makes older people

more skilled at working on problems related to real life situations.

One social condition that contributes to the interest in anti-aging science and medicine is

new scientific findings that may slow or reverse the aging process.

The status of gerontology as a discipline depends

on a distinct body of knowledge.

Macro-level theories focus

on large scale events.

Researchers conclude that older people do as well as younger people

on problems related to real-life dilemmas.

Successful aging based on the SOC model encourages people, at whatever age or physical condition, to

optimize their abilities and compensate for losses.

The main psychological problems in old age are

organic and functional disorders

Some older people suffer from diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and strokes. These are called

organic diseases.

The study of successful aging shows that

people can develop strategies to cope with loss of function.

The U.S. today looks more like a ________ in which many racial and ethnic groups exist side by side.

pluralistic society

Men die younger than women, but women have ________ in later life.

poorer health

Congress (McCann and Ventrell-Monses, 2010) enacted the ADEA to

promote the employment of older workers based on ability rather than age.

Stereotypes whether negative or compassionate,

results in an increase in public support for older people.

The effects of senescence differs from person to person, but in general, ________ declines with age

skin elasticity

Micro-level theories focus

small scale events.

Health care for older people has begun to shift towards the ________ because of the high cost of institutional care.

social model

The study of life events looks at the influence of ________ on human development.

society

According to Rowe and Kahn (1998., ________ is the ability to 1. maintain a low risk of disease, 2. maintain high levels of mental and physical functions, and 3. actively engage in life.

successful aging

The dependency ratio gives a crude measure of how many middle-aged people exist to

support younger and older people in the population.

New devices and new medical therapies are examples of improvements in ________ that can help older people cope with disabilities.

technology

Improvements in ________ could lead to better functioning in later life.

technology, lifestyle, self-care, and the environment

Research on ________ finds a decrease in religious participation within the cohort.

the Baby Boom generation

Psychosocial studies look at

the changes that take place inside the individual and between individuals and groups.

The future goals of gerontology suggest that

the possibility of human life extension is real and interventions that postpone human aging are possible.

Social gerontology makes up a part of the total body of gerontological knowledge and includes

the psychosocial, the socioeconomic-environmental, practice related studies of aging.

Members of ________ will likely have access to and make the most of formal support systems.

the white group

Societies use age, gender, social class, and minority group membership to classify people. The multiple jeopardy theory states that a person with ________ or more of these characteristics will face an increased risk of death and illness.

two

The term "dominant group" in the United States applies to the ________ population.

white

By the year 2003, the proportion of minorities

will increase.

Disengagement theory sees ________ as inevitable and satisfying to the individual and society.

withdrawal

A number of studies report a decrease in ________ memory with age.

working

Today the nonwhite population in the U.S is

younger than the white population.


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