AJS 109 Exam 1

Réussis tes devoirs et examens dès maintenant avec Quizwiz!

The ______ doctrine states that a nonaggresor is not required to retreat from his or her home if attacked

Castle

Which is NOT one of the basic elements of criminal liability?

Coincidence

__________ occurs when two or more offenders work together and actually commit a criminal act

Complicity

________ is an attack on the good reputation of another

Defamation

Deadly force cannot he used in which defense?

Defense of Property

Another event besides the actions of the defendant that resulted in the harm after the defendant acted is known as a(n) ________ cause

Direct

Some states expressly forbid this defense for homicide cases

Duress

This defense is an excuse defense that is applicable when the defendant is forced to commit a crime by threat or force

Duress

This excuse defense could be applicable if the government is found to have manufactured or initiated a crime that would not have otherwise occured

Entrapment

A failure of proof defense ALWAYS leads to the defendant's acquittal

False

A person does not have to know a crime was committed in order to be an accomplice

False

If a defendant admits to commuting an offense, but claims they were not "normal" at the time, this is considered permissible under the "justification" defense

False

Intoxication as a defense is applicable regardless of wether the alcohol, drugs, or other substances were voluntary or involuntary

False

It is a crime to intend to inflict harm on someone else

False

The insanity defense is distinct from competency to stand trial

False

When a consent defense is used, it is legal requirement that the individual gives consent no matter the age

False

premenstrual dysphoric disorder can potentially be used as a criminal defense to a crime

False

The elements of a Duress defense depend on the crime in question. For all nonhomicide offenses, there are _______ general elements:

Five

Murder, Robbery, Burglary, Rape, or Arson are known as ________ felonies

Forcible

Which amendment states "no state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws"?

Fourteenth

The doctrines of legality and lenity fit within the ________ part of the criminal law

General

This type of intent is the intent to commit the actus reus or criminal act of the crime only.

General

The waiver of a juvenile defendant from adult court to juvenile court is known as a:

Mandatory Waiver

Temporal concurrence means that the ____ must accompany the _____ in time

Mens Rea; Actus Reus

This type of mens rea or criminal intent in which the defendant unconsciously creates a risk of harm and does not act like a reasonable person under the circumstances:

Negligence

The common law put children into three categories based on their capacity to commit crimes. What is the capacity of a seven year old?

No criminal capacity

A focus on the government conduct presumably responsible for someone's decision to commit a crime is known as a(n):

Objective Inquiry

Laws that make it a crime for someone to fail to come to the aid of another who is danger are known as:

Omission Laws

What is an accessory?

One who knowingly/voluntarily unites with the principal offender in the commission of a crime

A "temporary psychotic reaction, often manifested by violence, which is triggered by consumption of alcohol by a person with a pre-disposing mental or physical condition" is known as:

Pathological Intoxication

The most often-cited spring gun case is:

People v. Ceballos

This waiver is a waiver of a juvenile defendant from juvenile to adult court is presumed appropriate based on the age, offense, or other factors

Presumptive Waiver

An employer is liable for the actions of its agents and employees while in the course of employment is called _______?

Respondeat Superior

______ is defamation by the spoken word

Slander

Which is NOT one of the three claims a defendant must assert when making an excuse defense?

The action was involuntary

Brainwashing can be argued as a criminal defense

True

Complicity is defined as, " A state of being an accomplice"

True

If a man, by terror of present death, be compelled to do a fact against the law, he is totally excused, because no law can oblige a man to abandon his own preservation

True

Most states have multiple ways to impose adult sanctions on offenders of juvenile age

True

Omission can contribute to criminal liability

True

Result crimes require actual harm

True

The Duress defense can only be used in cases where the defendant claims he or she was threatened with death or treat bodily harm

True

Under Common Law, children under 10 had no criminal capacity

True

Under the law enforcement defense, one of the factors to consider if an officer's action are justified to use deadly force is that the suspect is resisting and attempting to flee

True

When there is abuse in a home, the parents would be held as vicarious liability

True

What is an accessory after the fact?

Under common law, a person who helps the principal offender after the criminal event takes place

Criminal liability for the act of another person is called ________?

Vicarious Liability

A law will be ______ if it prohibits action that is protected by the Constitution

Void of overbreadth

In general, children under the age of _______ are charged and adjudicated in their juvenile justice system

18

Assume that a state decides to define a juvenile as someone under the age of 16, not the usual 18. Assume further that a 17-year-old committed robbery before the change. To suddenly try him or her as an adult could constitute a(n)_____ violation

Ex Post Facto

Double Jeopardy falls under the "special defenses"

False

The states of being seriously mentally illl is?

Insanity

Self-defense is an example of a(n) _______ defense

Justification

For a Duress defense to most likely succeed, the alleged threat must have been directed at:

The defendant or the defendants family member(s)

Actual possession is property that is either held by the individual or attached to them in some fashion

True

An accessory is typically a participant in a crime after it is committed

True


Ensembles d'études connexes

Head and Neck Anatomy cumulative

View Set

ITSY Ch 6.4 Windows User Management

View Set

NU272 Week 5 EAQ Evolve Elsevier: Nursing Skills

View Set