bio 10 exam 2

A cell's cytoskeleton is a network of protein fibers that help a cell keep its shape. What other important function does the cytoskeleton serve?

The cytoskeleton guides organelles that must move from place to place within the cell.

Within the chloroplast, which components contain chlorophyll?

Thylakoid and grana

Pyruvate oxidation produces...

carbon dioxide

The sugar molecules made during photosynthesis can go on to be used by the plant for many different purposes, which of these is NOT one of them? cellulose production glycogen production cellular respiration starch production

glycogen production

During chemical reactions and energy conversion events, some energy is always lost as _________. ATP

heat

Which of the following is the primary difference between the rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

presence of ribosomes

This figure shows the different processes of cellular respiration. Which correctly identifies the different processes? 1. glycolysis, 2. citric acid cycle, 3. electron transport 1. electron transport, 2. glycolysis, 3. citric acid cycle 1. citric acid cycle, 2. electron transport, 3. glycolysis 1. glycolysis, 2. electron transport, 3. citric acid cycle

1. glycolysis, 2. citric acid cycle, 3. electron transport

Which would be more abundant in a muscle cell immediately after exercise? ATP and phosphate ADP ADP and phosphate ATP phosphate

ADP and phosphate

Which molecule would be found after the action of the enzymes in cellular respiration? H+ NAD+ ADP ATP

ATP

The citric acid cycle produces _______________. ATP only NADH only ATP, FADH2, and NADH FADH2 only

ATP, FADH2, and NADH

Which of these statements is NOT part of Cell Theory?

All living cells must have a cell wall

Energy from ATP is used to fuel _______________.

All of these Chemical reactions Protein movements Transport of solutes across membranes

Microtubules are made of tubulin , while microfilaments are made of actin .

Answer 1:tubulin Answer 2:actin

Competitive enzyme inhibitors...

Block the enzyme's active site

You have discovered a new cell and see that it has a Golgi apparatus. It could be a member of

Eukarya

Plants are the only autotrophic organisms.

False

Which of these is NOT a defining feature of plant cells?

Mitochondria

Which statement regarding ribosomes is FALSE. Ribosomes are made of both protein and RNA Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis Ribosomes are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes Ribosomes are built in the cytoplasm

Ribosomes are built in the cytoplasm

If a cell is unable to perform aerobic cellular respiration, what will then happen?

No ATP will be produced, causing all energy-requiring cell functions to cease.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a ________________.

Nucleotide

Which types of organisms perform photosynthesis?

Plants, some bacteria, and some protists

Which of these is NOT a function of lysosomes? Digestion of food particles Protein synthesis Macromolecule recycling Breakdown of organelles

Protein synthesis

Cytoskeletal filaments are made of ________________.

Proteins

Both cellular respiration and photosynthesis rely on electron transport chains embedded in membranes to produce ATP molecules. Which correctly describes the difference between the two types of electron transport chains? 1.The electron source in cellular respiration is water, while the electron source in photosynthesis is molecular oxygen. 2.The final electron acceptor in cellular respiration is glucose, while the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis is water. 3.The electron source in cellular respiration is glucose, while the electron source in photosynthesis is water. 4.The final electron acceptor in cellular respiration is water, while the final electron acceptor in photosynthesis is molecular oxygen.

The electron source in cellular respiration is glucose, while the electron source in photosynthesis is water.

The figure shows an overview of the different entry pathways to cellular respiration for different macromolecules. Why are none of the digestive products entering the electron transport chain directly?

The electron transport chain only receives electrons carried by reduced electron carrier molecules such as NADH.

The diagram below represents osmosis of water across a semipermeable membrane. The U tube on the right shows the results of the osmosis. What could you do to level the solutions in the two sides of the right-hand U tube?

add more solute to the left-hand side

Chloroplasts absorb light mainly in the _________ part of the light spectrum.

blue-violet

The image on below is the summary equation for the process of photosynthesis. This reaction

builds food for the organism.

In which organelle does photosynthesis occur?

chloroplast

Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction by _________.

decreasing activation energy

Chlorophyll absorbs a narrow range of wavelengths within the visible spectrum.

false

Enzymes are only functional at pHs near neutral (6-8).

false

Light microscopes have better resolution than electron microscopes.

false

Only terrestrial organisms (those that live on land) perform photosynthesis.

false

The nucleus of a eukaryotic cell contains all of the cell's DNA.

false

The overall chemical pathway for cellular respiration occurs in the _____________________ and is the essentially reverse of the chemical pathway for ________________.

mitochondria; photosynthesis

During the Calvin cycle, _______________ molecule(s) of G3P is/are generated from every 3 molecules of CO2.

one

Heterotrophs obtain energy from _____________.

organic materials

The at the end of the citric acid cycle _____________ is regenerated.

oxaloacetate (4C)

A red shirt is going to ________________ red light and ______________ other wavelengths.

reflect; absorb

Which organelle is not defined by a membrane?

ribosome

Which of the following is NOT a function of enzymes? digestion transport replicating DNA structural support

structural support

n order to sustain life, cells must generally have a relative large [ Select ] ["volume", "surface area"] to [ Select ] ["volume", "surface area"] ratio.

surface area to volume

Compartmentalization of eukaryotic cells allows them to be larger than prokaryotic cells.

true

Like cellular respiration, photosynthesis both requires an ATP energy investment and generates some ATP.

true

Movement of cilia and flagella requires ATP.

true

The Calvin cycle is directly light-dependent.

true

The light reactions of photosynthesis occur in the thylakoid / grana.

true

To power photosynthesis, plants use ______________ light.

visible

Excited electrons leave chlorophyll and are replaced by electrons from ______________.

water (H2O)