All Pharm Test
When teaching a patient about the proper application of timolol (Timoptic) eyedrops, the nurse will include which instruction?
"Apply the drops into the conjunctival sac instead of directly onto the eye."
When teaching a patient who will be receiving antihistamines, the nurse will include which instructions? (Select all that apply.)
"Avoid activities that require alertness until you know how adverse effects are tolerated.", "Take the medication with food to minimize gastrointestinal distress.", "Drink extra fluids if possible."
The nurse is providing teaching to a patient taking an oral tetracycline antibiotic. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
"Avoid direct sunlight and tanning beds while on this medication."
The nurse is teaching a group of patients about management of diabetes. Which statement about basal dosing is correct?
"Basal dosing delivers a constant dose of insulin."
A patient is receiving her third course of 5-fluorouracil therapy and knows that stomatitis is a potential adverse effect of antineoplastic therapy . What will the nurse teach her about managing this problem?
"Be sure to examine your mouth daily for bleeding, painful areas, and ulcerations."
A patient has a new order for the adrenergic drug doxazosin (Cardura). When providing education about this drug, the nurse will include which instructions?
"Be sure to lie down after taking the first dose, because first-dose hypotension may make you dizzy.
A nurse provides teaching to a patient with angina who also has type 2 diabetes mellitus, asthma, and hypertension. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
"Beta blockers can help me control hypertension."
The nurse is educating a patient with cancer about combination chemotherapy. Which is an accurate statement?
"Combination chemotherapy is the administration of antineoplastic drugs, WHich results in cell death during different phases of the cell cycle.
A patient has used enteric aspirin for several years as treatment for osteoarthritis. However, the symptoms are now worse and she is given a prescription for a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug and misoprostol (Cytotec). The patient asks the nurse, "Why am I now taking two pills for arthritis?" What is the nurse's best response?
"Cytotec may help to prevent gastric ulcers that may occur in patients taking NSAIDs."
A patient with type 2 diabetes is being discharged on glucocorticoid (prednisone) therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Which information will the nurse include in discharge teaching? (Select all that apply.)
"Daily, single dose therapy should be taken in the morning.", "Steroids should never be discontinued abruptly.", "Signs and symptoms of infections may not be evident.", "Blood glucose levels will be elevated on corticosteroid therapy."
Which question would the nurse ask the patient before administration metronidazole (Flagyl) for C. diff infection?
"Did you consume any alcohol within the past 24 hours?"
A nursing student asks a nurse why patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) have low erythrocyte counts. Which response by the nurse is correct?
"Erythropoietin is no longer produced by cells in the kidneys."
A pituitary drug is prescribed for a patient with a hormone deficiency, and the nurse provides instructions about the medication. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further instruction?
"I am looking forward to a cure for my condition with this hormone replacement."
A patient who has type 2 diabetes will begin taking glipizide [Glucotrol]. Which statement by the patient is concerning to the nurse?
"I may continue to have a glass of wine with dinner."
A 7-year-old child with asthma uses a daily inhaled glucocorticoid and an albuterol MDI as needed. The provider has added montelukast [Singulair] to the child's regimen. Which statement by the child's parent indicates understanding of this medication?
"I may notice mood changes in my child."
A nurse is providing education about tetracycline [Sumycin]. Which statement by the patient best demonstrates understanding of the administration of this medication?
"I should not take this medication with milk or other dairy products."
A nurse teaches a patient about sulfonamides. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
"I should stop taking this drug when my symptoms are gone."
The nurse is discussing home management with a patient who will begin taking an alpha-adrenergic antagonist for hypertension. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?
"I should take the first dose at bedtime."
A nurse is providing teaching for a nondiabetic adult who develops growth hormone deficiency and who will begin treatment with somatropin [Humatrope]. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?
"I will need to monitor my blood pressure frequently while taking this drug."
The nurse has given medication instructions to a patient receiving phenytoin (Dilantin). Which statement by the patient indicates that the patient has an adequate understanding of the instructions?
"I will need to take extra care of my teeth and gums while on this medication."
A patient asks the nurse how amlodipine (Norvasc) works to reduce the blood pressure. Which response will the nurse provide?
"It causes blood vessel dilation."
A patient who has a history of coronary artery disease has been instructed to take one 81-mg aspirin tablet a day. The patient asks about the purpose of this aspirin. Which response by the nurse is correct?
"It will help to prevent clot formation."
A patient has questions regarding a recently prescribed antitussive agent. Which response by the nurse is the best?
"It will reduce the frequency of your cough."
A patient has been taking levothyroxine (Synthroid) for more than 1 decade for primary hypothyroidism. Today she calls because she has a cousin who can get her the same medication in a generic form from a pharmaceutical supply company. Which is the nurse's best advice?
"It's better not to switch brands unless we check with your doctor."
A 19-year-old woman has been diagnosed with hypothyroidism and has started thyroid replacement therapy with levothyroxine (Synthroid). After 6 months, she calls the nurse to say that she feels better and wants to stop the medication. Which response by the nurse is correct?
"Medication therapy for hypothyroidism is usually lifelong, and you should not stop taking the medication."
A patient has been taking a beta blocker for 4 weeks as part of his antianginal therapy. He also has type II diabetes and hyperthyroidism. When discussing possible adverse effects, the nurse will include which information?
"Monitor your blood glucose levels for possible hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia."
A child who has perennial allergic rhinitis has been using an intranasal glucocorticoid. The provider has ordered montelukast [Singulair] to replace the glucocorticoid, because the child has frequent nosebleeds. When teaching this child's parents about montelukast, the nurse will include which statement?
"Montelukast may cause behavior changes in your child."
A patient with the diagnosis of schizophrenia is hospitalized and is taking a phenothiazine drug. Which statement by this patient indicates that he is experiencing a common adverse effect of phenothiazines?
"My mouth has been so dry lately."
The nurse is instructing a patient about insulin administration. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
"Once I open my insulin, I will store it in the refrigerator."
A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about the different formulations of beta2-adrenergic agonist medications. Which statement by a student indicates understanding of the teaching?
"Oral beta2 agonists are not useful for short-term treatment."
The nurse is administering antibiotic eyedrops to a patient for the first time. After the first drop is given, the patient states, "That eyedrop is making my eye sting! Is that normal?" Which is the best response by the nurse?
"Sometimes these eyedrops may cause burning and stinging, but it should go away soon."
A 58-year-old man has had a myocardial infarction (MI), has begun rehabilitation, and is ready for discharge. He is given a prescription for metoprolol (Lopressor) and becomes upset after reading the patient education pamphlet. "I don't have high blood pressure-why did my doctor give me this medicine?" Which explanation by the nurse is correct?
"Studies have shown that this medication has greatly increased survival rates in patients who have had a heart attack."
A patient is receiving ocular cyclosporine (Restasis) and also has an order for an artificial tears product. The nurse includes which instructions in the teaching plan for these medications?
"Take the Restasis first, and then wait 15 minutes before taking the artificial tears."
A patient has prescriptions for two inhalers. One inhaler is a bronchodilator, and the other is a corticosteroid. Which instruction regarding these inhalers will the nurse give to the patient?
"Take the bronchodilator inhaler first."
A 75-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes has recently been placed on glipizide (Glucotrol). She asks the nurse when the best time would be to take this medication. What is the nurse's best response?
"Take this medication in the morning, 30 minutes before breakfast."
A pregnant adolescent patient asks the nurse whether she should continue to take her prescription for tetracycline [Sumycin] to clear up her acne. Which response by the nurse is correct?
"Tetracycline can be harmful to the baby's teeth and should be avoided."
A child with otitis media has had three ear infections in the past year. The child has just completed a 10-day course of amoxicillin [Amoxil] with no improvement. The parent asks the nurse why this drug is not working, because it has worked in the past. What will the nurse tell the patient?
"The bacteria have synthesized penicillinase."
A 63-year-old male patient is scheduled for a physical examination, and he tells the nurse that he wants to start taking a vitamin formula that includes saw palmetto for prostate health. Which is the nurse's best response?
"The doctor will need to draw some blood and do a digital rectal exam first."
A 19-year-old student was diagnosed with hypothyroidism and has started thyroid replacement therapy with levothyroxine (Synthroid). After 1 week, she called the clinic to report that she does not feel better. Which response from the nurse is correct?
"The full therapeutic effects may not occur for 3 to 4 weeks."
A nursing student who is preparing to care for a postoperative patient with deep vein thrombosis asks the nurse why the patient must take heparin rather than warfarin. Which response by the nurse is correct?
"The onset of warfarin is delayed."
A patient is to receive testosterone therapy via a transdermal patch. He asks the nurse, "Why am I getting a patch? Can't I just take a pill?" Which response by the nurse is correct?
"The patch allows for better absorption of the medication."
A patient with primary hypertension is prescribed drug therapy for the first time. The patient asks how long drug therapy will be needed. Which answer by the nurse is the correct response?
"Therapy for high blood pressure is usually lifelong."
Which response will the nurse provide when a patient complains of a headache when using sublingual nitroglycerin?
"This is a common adverse effect that can be managed with acetaminophen."
After receiving a nebulizer treatment with a beta agonist, the patient complains of feeling slightly nervous and wonders if her asthma is getting worse. What is the nurse's best response?
"This is an expected adverse effect. Let me take your pulse."
After receiving treatment with a beta agonist, the patient complains of feeling slightly nervous and wonders if her asthma is getting worse. What is the nurse's best response?
"This is an expected adverse effect. Let me take your pulse."
An adolescent patient recently attended a health fair and had a serum glucose test. The patient telephones the nurse and says, "My level was 125 mg/dL. Does that mean I have diabetes?" What is the nurse's most accurate response?
"Unless you were fasting for longer than 8 hours, this does not necessarily mean you have diabetes."
Which instruction would the nurse provide a patient who reports feeling drowsy after beginning drug therapy with diphenhydramine?
"Use caution while driving."
What instruction is most important for the nurse to teach the patient who has recently been prescribed alprazolam (Xanax)?
"You may feel dizzy or unsteady when rising to a standing position."
A nurse provides dietary counseling for a patient newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Which instruction should be included?
"You should use a carbohydrate counting approach to maintain glycemic control."
When administering nasal spray, which instruction by the nurse is appropriate?
"You will need to blow your nose before I give this medication."
Which adverse effect(s) may occur as a result of antipsychotic drug therapy? (Select all that apply.)
Acute dystonia, Akathisia, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
The nurse is administering intravenous iron dextran for the first time to a patient with anemia. After giving a test dose, how long will the nurse wait before administering the remaining portion of the dose?
1 hour
A patient with a Pseudomonas species urinary infection will be receiving amikacin (Amikin) 5 mg/kg once daily via intravenous infusion. The patient weighs 198 pounds, and the medication is available in an injection solution strength of 250 mg/mL. Identify how many milliliters of medication will be drawn up for this injection
1.8
There is a new order for Naproxen (Naprosyn) 250 mg PO twice daily. The drug is available as an oral suspension that contains 125 mg/5 mL. Identify how many milliliters the nurse will administer for 1 dose of this medication.
10
The nurse is providing care for a neonate diagnosed with apnea of prematurity. The prescription by the health care provider is for caffeine citrate intravenously 5 mg/kg once daily. The infant's weight is 5.4 lb
12.3
A patient received the evening dose of Lispro subcutaneously at 16:30. What time will symptoms of hypoglycemia likely occur?
18:30
A 2-year-old child will be receiving ferrous sulfate oral drops (Fer-Iron) 5 mg/kg/day in three divided doses. The child weighs 26 pounds. Identify how many milligrams the nurse will administer per dose.
19.7
A patient is to receive a daily dose of fludarabine (fludara). 25mg/m2/day for 5 connective days. Each dose is diluted in a 125-ml bag of normal saline and is to infuse over 30 mins. The nurse will set the infusion pump to what rate in millimeters per hour?
250
A patient has an order for carvedilol (Coreg) 9.375 mg twice a day PO. The tablets are 3.125 mg each. Identify how many tablets will the nurse administer per dose.
3
A patient is in an urgent-care center with an acute asthma attack. The nurse expects that which medication will be used for initial treatment?
A short-acting beta2 agonist such as albuterol (Proventil)
A patient will be receiving amoxicillin suspension 300 mg via a gastrostomy tube every 8 hours. The medication comes in a bottle that contains 400 mg/5 mL. Identify how many milliliters the nurse will administer with each dose.
3.8
A patient will be receiving mannitol (Osmitrol), 1.5 g/kg IV 1 hour before ocular surgery. The patient weighs 110 pounds. The medication is available as a 25% solution. Based on this patient's dose, calculate how many milliliters of mannitol this patient will receive, using the 25% solution.
300ml
A patient is to receive enalapril (Vasotec) 5 mg IV every 6 hours. Each dose is given over 5 minutes. The medication is available in an injectable form, 1.25 mg/mL. Identify how many milliliters of medication will the nurse draw up for each dose.
4
The nurse is teaching a patient about the administration of antihistamines. The nurse will instruct the patient to take the medication at what time of day?
45 minutes before exposure to an allergen
A patient will be receiving metoprolol (Lopressor) 5 mg IV push. The medication is available in a strength of 1 mg/mL. Identify how much medication will the nurse draw up for each dose.
5
A patient is receiving tobramycin 3 times daily. The provider has ordered a trough level with the 8:00 AM dose. The nurse will ensure that the level is drawn at what time?
7:45 AM
A patient is to receive a penicillin intramuscular (IM) injection in the ventrogluteal site. The nurse will use which angle for the needle insertion?
90 degrees
A calcium channel blocker (CCB) is prescribed for a patient, and the nurse provides instructions to the patient about the medication. Which instruction is correct?
A high-fiber diet with plenty of fluids will help prevent the constipation that may occur.
A patient is receiving instructions regarding the use of caffeine. The nurse shares that caffeine should be used with caution if which of these conditions is present?
A history of peptic ulcers
The nurse notes in the patient's medication history that the patient is taking cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril). Based on this finding, the nurse interprets that the patient has which disorder?
A musculoskeletal injury
The nurse is reviewing the use of antitussive drugs. Antitussive drugs would be most appropriate for which patient?
A patient who has developed bronchitis 2 days after abdominal surgery
WHich patient should begin treatment for tuberculosis?
A recent immigrant from a country with a high prevalence of TB with 10 mms region of induration
Lisinopril
ACE inhibitor
A patient with diabetes develops hypertension. The nurse will anticipate administering which type of medication to treat hypertension in this patient?
ACE inhibitors
A patient is recovering from a myocardial infarction but does not have symptoms of heart failure. The nurse will expect to teach this patient about:
ACE inhibitors and beta blockers.
A patient with asthma and depression develops stable angina. In addition to organic nitrites, which other medications will be used to treat this condition? (Select all that apply.)
ACE inhibitors, Aspirin 81 mg, Calcium channel blockers, Cholesterol-lowering drugs
Which is a serious adverse effect of decongestants?
Hypertension
The nurse notes in a patient's medical record that nesiritide (Natrecor) has been ordered. Based on this order, the nurse interprets that the patient has which disorder?
Acutely decompensated heart failure with dyspnea at rest
Which condition would require mineralocorticoid replacement?
Addison's disease
While obtaining a patient history, the nurse notes that the patient has been prescribed ethosuximide (Zarontin). The nurse suspects that the patient has which type of seizure?
Absence Seizure
A patient is receiving heparin therapy as part of the treatment for a pulmonary embolism. The nurse monitors the results of which laboratory test to check the drug's effectiveness?
Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
What is albuterol (Proventil) used to treat?
Acute bronchospasm
A nurse is assessing a patient with pneumonia who is prescribed amikacin. After reviewing the medication history, the nurse finds that the patient is taking anticoagulants. For which adverse drug-interaction effect would the nurse monitor in the patient?
Abnormal bleeding
It is 2:00 PM and a patient who has been NPO since 12:00 AM for a bronchoscopy is complaining of a headache and shakiness and is extremely irritable. Vital signs are within normal limits, and a one touch glucose reads 50 mg/dL. Which action is most important for the nurse to take?
Administer glucagon subcutaneously.
A patient with renal failure is undergoing chronic hemodialysis. The patient's hemoglobin is 10.6 gm/dL. The provider orders sodium-ferric gluconate complex (SFGC [Ferrlecit]). What will the nurse expect to do?
Administer the drug intravenously with erythropoietin.
A patient's medication order indicates that he is to receive a dose of cosyntropin (Cortrosyn). The nurse is aware that this drug is used to diagnose which condition?
Adrenocortical insufficiency
Which medications are included in first-line therapy for heart failure? (Select all that apply.)
Agents that inhibit the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), Beta blockers, Diuretics
The nurse is teaching a patient who is taking clozapine (Clozaril) to have weekly blood tests for the first 6 months of treatment to monitor for which potential complication?
Agranulocytosis
The nurse is reviewing medications for the treatment of asthma. Which drugs are used for quick relief of asthma attacks? (Select all that apply.)
Albuterol (Proventil) nebulizer solution, Intravenous systemic corticosteroids
A patient is prescribed diphenhydramine for treatment of an allergic discorder. After reviewing the patient's history, the nurse finds that the patient drinks a can of beer every night. Why would the nurse instruct the patient to stop beer consumption?
Alcohol combined with diphenhydramine can cause severe depression of the functions of the central nervous system.
Which medication lowers blood pressure by directly inhibiting renin?
Aliskiren (Tekturna)
Why should women of childbearing age be counseled regarding antiseizure medications?
All statements regarding antiseizure medications are true
What will the nurse advise the patient to do to avoid the development of tolerance to nitroglycerin?
Allow for a daily 8- to 12-hour nitrate free period.
Which category of medications is used for peripheral vascular diseases characterized by excessive vasoconstriction, such as Raynaud's disease?
Alpha-adrenergic blocking agents
Which antidysrhythmic drug can raise the risk of phenytoin toxicity in a patient with seizures?
Amiodarone
A patient is in the intensive care unit because of an acute myocardial infarction. He is experiencing severe ventricular dysrhythmias. The nurse will prepare to give which drug of choice for this dysrhythmia?
Amiodarone (Cordarone)
The nurse is administering sulfonylurea drugs to four different patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Which patient should not receive the medication as ordered?
An 80-year-old woman with an allergy to sulfa
What is ipratropium bromide [Atrovent]?
An anticholinergic used for allergic rhinitis and colds
A patient with type 1 diabetes was prescribed a glucocorticoid for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Which will the nurse expect in the treatment plan?
An increase in the insulin needed
Which complications are associated with uncontrolled hypertension? (Select all that apply.)
Angina, Stroke, Renal failure, Heart failure
A patient who has been taking antihypertensive drugs for a few months complains of having a persistent dry cough. The nurse knows that this cough is an adverse effect of which class of antihypertensive drugs?
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
Before beginning a patient's therapy with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants, the nurse will assess for concurrent use of which medications or medication class?
Anticoagulants
Which NSAID may cause Reye's syndrome in children with viral illnesses or fever?
Aspirin
A patient who has been on methotrexate therapy is experiencing mild pain. The patient asking for aspirin for the pain. THe nurse recognizes that which of these is true in this situation?
Aspirin can lead to methotrexate toxicity
A patient is taking digoxin (Lanoxin) and a loop diuretic daily. When the nurse enters the room with the morning medications, the patient states, "I am seeing a funny yellow color around the lights." What is the nurse's next action?
Assess the patient for symptoms of digoxin toxicity.
Which nursing action is most important when providing care to a patient diagnosed with a mood disorder?
Assess the patient for thoughts of suicide.
A patient has been prescribed lorazepam (Ativan), a benzodiazepine used to treat insomnia. Which action will the nurse take?
Assess the patient's blood pressure in sitting and lying positions.
A patient has been receiving home health care and IV antimicrobial therapy for osteomyelitis (infection of the bone) of the lower right leg for the past 4 weeks. What will the nurse assess to evaluate the effectiveness of the antimicrobial agent? (Select all that apply.)
Assessing for pain of the right leg, Assessing patient temperature, Assessing for presence of edema, redness, or swelling in the right lower leg, Monitoring complete blood count (CBC) and sedimentation rate laboratory values
A prescriber has ordered propranolol [Inderal] for a patient with recurrent ventricular tachycardia. The nurse preparing to administer this drug will be concerned about what in the patient's history?
Asthma
The nurse is screening a patient who will be taking a nonspecific/nonselective beta blocker. Which condition, if present, may cause serious problems if the patient takes this medication?
Asthma
The nurse is preparing to administer adenosine (Adenocard) to a patient who is experiencing an acute episode of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. When giving this medication, which is important to remember?
Asystole may occur for a few seconds after administration.
The nurse is providing patient teaching for a patient who is starting antitubercular drug therapy. Which of these statements should be included? (Select all that apply)
Avoid alcoholic beverages while on this therapy, Take the medications at the same time everyday, Oral contraceptives may not work while you are taking these drugs, so you will have use another form of birth control, If you experience a burning or tingling in your fingers or toes, report it to your prescriber immediately.
A patient asks a nurse about ways to minimize side effects of chemotherapy. Which response is correct?
Avoid contact with people who are ill
The nurse is instructing a patient about adverse effects associated with corticosteroid therapy. What information would be important to include? (Select all that apply.)
Avoid crowds or people with an infection., Monitor and care for your skin daily; change positions frequently., During periods of physical or psychological stress, higher doses of corticosteroids are necessary. Contact your health care provider., Follow a diet low in sodium.
Which class of antihypertensive agents should be avoided by patients with asthma?
Beta-adrenergic blocking agents
Lithium (Eskalith) is the drug of choice for which of the following disorders?
Bipolar disorders
Which assessment finding in a patient who is on NSAID therapy does the nurse report to the primary care provider?
Black stools
The nurse will teach a patient who is receiving oral iron supplements to watch for which expected adverse effects?
Black, tarry stools
A nurse is educating the staff nurses about ketoacidosis. To evaluate the group's understanding, the nurse asks, "Which sign or symptom would not be consistent with ketoacidosis?" The group gives which correct answer?
Blood glucose level of 60 mg/dL
A patient has been on high-dose corticosteroid therapy for the treatment of lupus erythematosus. In addition to monitoring electrolyte levels, which laboratory studies will the nurse monitor?
Blood glucose levels
Which nursing assessment confirms that the angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that a patient is taking is effective?
Blood pressure has decreased.
A patient arrives in the emergency department with severe chest pain. The patient reports that the pain has been occurring off and on for a week now. Which assessment finding would indicate the need for cautious use of nitrates and nitrites?
Blood pressure of 88/62 mm Hg
When giving chemotherapy as cancer treatment, the nurse recognizes that toxicity to rapidly growing normal cells also occurs. Which rapidly growing normal cells are also harmed by chemotherapy? (Select all that apply)
Bone Marrow Cells, Hair Follicle cells, Gastrointestinal (GI) mucous membrane cells
The nurse knows that Carbapenems are indicated mainly for:
Bone and joint infections
A patient asks the nurse about the uses of echinacea. Which use will the nurse include in the response?
Boosting the immune system
While assessing a patient who is taking a beta blocker for angina, the nurse knows to monitor for which adverse effect?
Bradycardia
The nurse is reviewing discharge teaching for a patient who will be taking digoxin (Lanoxin) therapy. The nurse will teach the patient to avoid which foods when taking the digoxin?
Bran cereal
How do beta-adrenergic blocking agents reduce myocardial oxygen demand?
By inhibiting the stimulation of norepinephrine and epinephrine
The nurse is reviewing drug therapy for hypertension. According to the JNC 7 guidelines, antihypertensive drug therapy for a newly diagnosed stage 1 hypertensive African-American patient would most likely include which drug or drug classes?
Calcium channel blockers with thiazide diuretics
A patient with severe liver disease is receiving the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, captopril (Capoten). The nurse is aware that the advantage of this drug for this patient is which characteristic?
Captopril is not a prodrug and does not need to be metabolized by the liver before becoming active.
A patient has been admitted to the emergency department with a suspected overdose of a tricyclic antidepressant. The nurse will prepare for what immediate concern?
Cardiac dysrhythmias
The nurse is preparing for a community education program on hypertension. Which of these parameters determine the regulation of arterial blood pressure?
Cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance
Which cephalosporin may be used to treat meningitis?
Ceftriaxone
A patient allergic to penicillin is being evaluated for a gram-negative infection. Which antimicrobial drug class would the health care provider be cautious in prescribing because of a possible cross sensitivity and/or allergic reaction?
Cephalosporins
A patient is taking amiodarone (Cordarone) for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and begins to complain of dizziness. What will the nurse instruct the patient to do?
Change positions slowly.
A patient has been taking digoxin [Lanoxin] 0.25 mg, and furosemide [Lasix] 40 mg, daily. Upon routine assessment by the nurse, the patient states, "I see yellow halos around the lights." The nurse should perform which action based on this assessment?
Check the patient for other symptoms of digitalis toxicity.
A nurse prepares to administer a scheduled dose of digoxin. The nurse finds a new laboratory report showing a plasma digoxin level of 0.7 ng/mL. What action should the nurse take?
Check the patient's apical pulse, and if it is within a safe range, administer the digoxin.
A patient will be taking amiodarone [Cordarone]. Which baseline tests are necessary before this medication is started? (Select all that apply.)
Chest radiograph and pulmonary function tests, Ophthalmologic examination, Thyroid function tests
Tetracyclines are considered first-line drugs for which disorders? (Select all that apply.)
Chlamydia trachomatis cervicitis, Lyme disease, Mycoplasma pneumonia
The nurse is providing instruction to a patient who was recently prescribed an ACE inhibitor for hypertension. Which is an adverse effect of this medication?
Chronic cough
The nurse is performing pain assessment on a patient admitted for evaluation of angina. Which type of angina is precipitated by physical exertion and is relieved by rest?
Chronic stable
A 74-year-old professional golfer has chest pain that occurs toward the end of his golfing games. He says the pain usually goes away after 1 or 2 sublingual nitroglycerin tablets and rest. What type of angina is he experiencing?
Classic
The nurse is administering ophthalmic drops. Place the following administration steps in the correct order. (Select all that apply.)
Close the eye gently. Apply gentle pressure to the inner canthus/lacrimal sac for 1 minute. Place drops into the conjunctival sac. Clean debris from the eye as needed. Have the patient tilt the head back and look up at the ceiling. Remove excess medication gently from around the eyes.
The healthcare provider indicates that a patient will be prescribed an opioid antitussive. Which medication would the nurse anticipate the provider will order?
Codeine
A patient is about begin therapy with ethambutol. The nurse knows that, before initiating treatment with this drug, it is important to obtain which test(S)?
Color vision and visual acuity
The nurse is assessing a child with otitis media. Which statement about otitis media is correct?
Common symptoms include pain, fever, malaise, and a sensation of fullness in the ears.
When teaching about hypoglycemia, the nurse will make sure that the patient is aware of the early signs of hypoglycemia, including which of these?
Confusion and sweating.
The nurse is reviewing new medication orders for a patient who has an epidural catheter for administration of pain medications. One of the orders is for enoxaparin (Lovenox), a low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). What is the nurse's priority action?
Contact the prescriber because the LMWH cannot be given if the patient has an epidural catheter.
A patient is receiving 1400 units of heparin/hour on an IV pump. The aPTT time is 54. The laboratory control is 25. Which action by the nurse is accurate?
Continue with the prescribed rate.
Fluticasone
Corticosteroid
Which medication may be given to patients with allergic seasonal rhinitis who do not respond to antihistamines and sympathomimetics?
Corticosteroids
A patient is admitted with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. The patient appears emaciated and complains of feeling weak. The nurse notes a heart rate of 98 beats/min and a blood pressure of 88/54 mm Hg. The nurse reviews the chart and notes an increased serum potassium level and a decreased serum sodium level. The nurse expects the provider to order which medication initially?
Cosyntropin [Cortrosyn]
Which nursing assessment is most important to determine fluid status for a patient with heart failure?
Daily weights
In addition to facilitating sleep, what is another benefit of sedatives?
Decreased patient anxiety
When reviewing the laboratory values of a patient who is taking PTU for Graves' disease, the nurse will monitor for which adverse effect?
Decreased platelet count
A patient with gout has been treated with allopurinol (Zyloprim) for 2 months. The nurse will monitor laboratory results for which therapeutic effect?
Decreased uric acid levels
When a patient is receiving vasopressin (Pitressin), the nurse will monitor for which therapeutic response?
Decreased urinary output
The nurse is monitoring for therapeutic results of antibiotic therapy in a patient with an infection. Which laboratory value would indicate therapeutic effectiveness of this therapy?
Decreased white blood cell count
The nurse expects that a patient is experiencing undersecretion of adrenocortical hormones when which conditions are found upon assessment? (Select all that apply.)
Dehydration, Weight loss, Hyperkalemia, Hyponatremia
A patient who has been on long-term corticosteroid therapy has had surgery to correct an abdominal hernia. The nurse keeps in mind that which potential effect of this medication may have the most impact on the patient's recovery?
Delayed wound healing
The nurse admitting a patient with Von Willebrand's disease anticipates administering which medication?
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
A patient is taking procainamide (Pronestyl) for a cardiac dysrhythmia. The nurse will monitor the patient for which possible adverse effect?
Diarrhea
A patient is experiencing status epilepticus. The nurse prepares to give which drug of choice for the treatment of this condition?
Diazepam (Valium)
A patient who has received some traumatic news is panicking and asks for some medication to help settle down. The nurse anticipates giving which drug that is most appropriate for this situation?
Diazepam (Valium)
Which drug will be administered to a patient being admitted with severe digoxin intoxication?
Digoxin immune Fab (Digibind)
When giving medications, the nurse will use Standard Precautions, which include what action?
Discarding all syringes and needles in a puncture-resistant container
A patient receiving a cephalosporin develops a secondary intestinal infection caused by Clostridium difficile. What is an appropriate treatment for this patient?
Discontinuing the cephalosporin and beginning metronidazole [Flagyl]
A patient takes an ACE inhibitor to treat hypertension and tells the nurse that she wants to become pregnant. She asks whether she should continue taking the medication while she is pregnant. What will the nurse tell her?
Discuss using methyldopa instead while she is pregnant.
The nurse is preparing to use an antiseptic. Which statement is correct regarding how antiseptics differ from disinfectants?
Disinfectants are used only on nonliving objects to destroy organisms.
Which statements concerning the use of antihypertensive therapy for the treatment of hypertension would be considered true? (Select all that apply.)
Diuretics are the most commonly prescribed antihypertensive agent., Diuretics are often prescribed in combination therapy with other antihypertensive agents.
After administering an intradermal (ID) injection for a skin test, the nurse notices a small bleb at the injection site. Which of these is the best action for the nurse to take at this time?
Do nothing.
A patient being treated with lithium for bipolar disorder has a new prescription for desmopressin for treatment of diabetes insipidus. What should the nurse anticipate regarding the new prescription?
Dosage of desmopressin will be increased as lithium decreases it's anti-diuretic effect
The nurse is preparing to give an earwax emulsifier to a patient and will assess the patient for which contraindication before administering the drops?
Drainage from the ear canal
After a blood glucose reading, it is determined that the patient should receive 4 units of Lispro and 8 units of NPH. Which action will the nurse take to administer these medications?
Draw up the Lispro first and then the NPH using the same syringe.
A patient is taking guaifenesin (Humibid) as part of treatment for a sinus infection. Which instruction will the nurse include during patient teaching?
Drink fluids to help loosen and liquefy secretions.
The nurse is providing instruction about ipratropium (Atrovent) to a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Which is a common adverse effect that tends to resolve with therapy?
Dry mouth
What will the nurse include in a teaching plan for a patient with depression being treated with amitriptyline (Elavil)? (Select all that apply.)
Dryness of the mouth is normal; sucking on sugar free hard candy and ice chips or chewing gum may help alleviate this problem., Rise slowly from a supine or sitting position to avoid dizziness and orthostatic hypotension., Avoid alcohol and barbiturates.
The clinic nurse is assessing a patient being seen for a severe allergic reaction to environmental allergens. Which symptom should the nurse prioritize as the most important?
Dyspnea
When starting a patient on antidysrhythmic therapy, the nurse will remember that which problem is a potential adverse effect of any antidysrhythmic drug?
Dysrhythmias
The nurse is assessing a patient who was recently admitted to the emergency department with dysrhythmias and shortness of breath. Which baseline nursing assessments should be the priority? (Select all that apply.)
ECG monitoring, Medication history, Oxygen saturation, Presence of chest pain, dyspnea, and fatigue, Mental status
The nurse is about to give a rectal suppository to a patient. Which technique would facilitate the administration and absorption of the rectal suppository?
Encouraging the patient to lie on his or her left side for 15 to 20 minutes after insertion
A patient with end-stage renal failure has been admitted to the hospital for severe anemia. The patient is refusing blood transfusions. The nurse anticipates drug therapy with which drug to stimulate the production of red blood cells?
Epoetin alfa (Epogen)
The nurse assesses a newly diagnosed patient for short-term complications of diabetes. What does this assessment include?
Evaluation for hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and ketoacidosis
A patient who is taking an MAOI to treat depression admits to eating pickled herring and cheese and drinking red wine. Which assessment finding alerts the nurse to a potential complication?
Hypertensive crisis
A mother brings her toddler into the emergency department and tells the nurse that she thinks the toddler has eaten an entire bottle of chewable aspirin tablets. The nurse will assess for which most common signs of salicylate intoxication in children?
Hyperventilation and drowsiness
When monitoring a patient who is taking a systemically administered glucocorticoid, the nurse will monitor for signs of which condition?
Hypokalemia
A nurse obtaining an admission history on an adult patient notes that the patient has a heart rate of 62 beats/min, a blood pressure of 105/62 mm Hg, and a temperature of 96.2°F. The patient appears pale and complains of always feeling cold and tired. The nurse will contact the provider to discuss tests for which condition?
Hypothyroidism
Long term treatment with lithium salts for bipolar disorder can increase the risk of __
Hypothyroidism
The nurse is providing education about chemotherapy to a patient who is being discharged. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
I will take aspirin for a heachace.
Which drug is the cornerstone of treatment for prophylaxis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB)?
Isoniazid (Nydrazid)
A patient has been diagnosed with angina and will be given a prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. When teaching the patient how to use sublingual nitroglycerin, the nurse will include which instruction?
If the chest pain is not relieved in 5 min, after one dose, call 911 immediately.
A patient has been taking the corticosteroid dexamethasone (Decadron) but has developed bacterial conjunctivitis and has a prescription for gentamicin (Garamycin) ointment. The nurse notes that which interaction is possible if the two drugs are used together?
Immunosuppression may make it more difficult to eliminate the eye infection.
A patient is brought to the emergency department for treatment of a suspected overdose. The patient was found with an empty prescription bottle of a barbiturate by his bedside. He is lethargic and barely breathing. The nurse would expect which immediate intervention?
Implementing measures to maintain the airway and support respirations
A patient is receiving an IV infusion of a xanthine derivative for a severe exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The nurse will assess for which therapeutic response?
Increased ease of breathing
A patient, newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism, has received a prescription for thyroid replacement therapy. The nurse will instruct the patient to take this medication at which time of day?
In the morning on empty stomach
What is the purpose of administering filgrastim (Neupogen) to a patient who is post-bowel resection resulting from cancer?
Increase the White blood cell (WBC) counts
A patient who has generalized seizures is on a prescription of phenytoin. The patient is also taking a Vitamin B6 supplement to prevent peripheral neuropathy related to another drug. What should the nurse anticipate with the dose of phenytoin to control the seizures?
Increase the dosage of phenytoin
A patient has been taking iron supplements for anemia for 2 months. During a follow-up assessment, the nurse will observe for which therapeutic response?
Increased activity tolerance
A recent campaign, initiated by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), to delay the emergence of antibiotic resistance in hospitals, has what as one of its objectives?
Increased adherence to prescribed antibiotics
An 8-year-old child has been diagnosed with true pituitary dwarfism and is being treated with somatropin. In follow-up visits, the nurse will monitor for which expected outcome?
Increased growth
A patient is receiving thrombolytic therapy, and the nurse monitors the patient for adverse effects. What is the most common undesirable effect of thrombolytic therapy?
Internal and superficial bleeding
A 30-year-old man is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which patient symptoms would indicate this condition? (Select all that apply.)
Increased thirst in the past week, Polyphagia, Kussmaul respirations
What is the rationale for monitoring vital signs of patients receiving corticosteroids?
Infection
The nurse is administering a vancomycin (Vancocin) infusion. Which measure is appropriate for the nurse to implement in order to reduce complications that may occur with this drug's administration?
Infusing the drug over at least 1 hour
The nurse notes in a female patient's history that she has an order for the androgen testosterone (Android). Based on this finding, the nurse interprets that the patient has which disorder?
Inoperable breast cancer
When monitoring a patient's response to oral antidiabetic drugs, the nurse knows that which laboratory result would indicate a therapeutic response?
Fasting blood glucose level of 92 mg/dL
A patient is to undergo orthopedic surgery, and the prescriber will order a cephalosporin to be given preoperatively as prophylaxis against infection. The nurse expects the provider to order which cephalosporin?
First-generation cephalosporin
A child has been diagnosed with bacterial otitis externa and will be receiving eardrops. Which of these eardrops are appropriate for this infection? (Select all that apply.)
Floxin Otic Cipro HC Otic
Which drug is used as an antidote for overdose of oral benzodiazepine or excessive intravenous sedation?
Flumazenil
A patient is admitted with an overdose of Valium. Which of the following drugs would the nurse need to have on hand?
Flumazenil (Romazicon)
A patient with an eye injury requires an ocular examination to detect the presence of a foreign body. The nurse anticipates that which drug will be used for this examination?
Fluorescein sodium (AK-Fluor)
A woman who is planning to become pregnant should ensure that she receives adequate levels of which supplement to reduce the risk for fetal neural tube defects?
Folic acid
During a teaching session for a patient on propylthiouracil for Grave's disease, the nurse will discuss which dietary instructions?
Foods like tofu and shellfish must be avoided
The nurse monitors a patient receiving digoxin closely for toxicity when which other medication is prescribed?
Furosemide (Lasix)
A patient with chronic hypertension is admitted to the hospital. During the admission assessment, the nurse notes a heart rate of 96 beats/min, a blood pressure of 150/90 mm Hg, bibasilar crackles, 2+ pitting edema of the ankles, and distension of the jugular veins. The nurse will contact the provider to request an order for which medication?
Furosemide [Lasix]
A patient is to receive iron dextran injections. Which technique is appropriate when the nurse is administering this medication?
Intramuscular injection using the Z-track method
A patient is being discharged on anticoagulant therapy. The nurse will include in the patient-education conversation that it is important to avoid herbal products that contain which substance?
Ginkgo
A hospitalized patient complains of acute chest pain. The nurse administers a 0.3-mg sublingual nitroglycerin tablet, but the patient continues to complain of pain. Vital signs remain stable. What is the nurse's next step?
Give a second dose of nitroglycerin in 5 minutes.
The nurse is administering liquid oral iron supplements. Which intervention is appropriate when administering this medication?
Instruct the patient to take the medication through a plastic straw.
A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin [Lanoxin] to a patient. The patient's heart rate is 62 beats/min, and the blood pressure is 120/60 mm Hg. The last serum electrolyte value showed a potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L. What will the nurse do?
Give the dose of digoxin and notify the provider of the potassium level.
"Give levothyroxine (Synthroid), 200mcg, PO once every morning." Which action by the nurse is correct?
Give the medication as ordered.
Premedication assessments before the use of anticholinergic bronchodilating agents should verify that the patient has no history of which condition?
Glaucoma
Which is a common expectorant in over-the-counter medications?
Guaifenesin
When teaching a patient about the common adverse effects of therapy with NSAIDs, the nurse will mention which possible adverse effect?
Heartburn
Levothyroxine (Synthroid) has been prescribed for a patient with hypothyroidism. The nurse provides information to the patient about the medication and tells the patient to be aware of which potential adverse effects? (Select all that apply.)
Heat intolerance, Anxiety, Hypertension, Palpitations
A 10-year-old patient will be started on methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin) therapy. The nurse will perform which essential baseline assessment before this drug is started?
Height and weight
What is the most reliable measure for assessing diabetes control over the preceding 3-month period?
Hemoglobin A1c level
A cancer patient is receiving drug therapy with epoetin alfa (Epogen). The nurse knows that the medication must be stopped if which laboratory result is noted?
Hemoglobin level of 12 g/dL
An oral iron supplement is prescribed for a patient. The nurse would question this order if the patient's medical history includes which condition?
Hemolytic anemia
The nurse will assess he patient for which potential contraindication to antitubercular therapy?
Hepatic impairment
The nurse checks the patient's laboratory work prior to administering a dose of vancomycin (Vancocin) and finds that the trough vancomycin level is 24 mcg/mL. What will the nurse do next?
Hold the drug, and notify the prescriber.
A parent thinks a school-aged child has ADHD. The nurse asks the parent to describe the child's behaviors. Which behaviors are characteristics of ADHD? (Select all that apply.)
Hyperactivity, Inattention, Impulsivity
The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for a patient with a history of diabetes who has just been diagnosed with seizure disorder. The patient has been prescribed hydantoin therapy. What will the patient most likely experience?
Hyperglycemia
A patient is beginning treatment to active tuberculosis (TB) in a region with little drug-resistance TB. Which treatment regimen will be used initially?
Isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol
During initial rounds, the nurse notes that a dobutamine infusion has extravasated into the forearm of a patient. After stopping the infusion, the nurse follows standing orders and immediately injects phentolamine (Regitine), an alpha receptor blocker, subcutaneously in a circular fashion around the extravasation site. What is the mechanism of action of the phentolamine in this situation?
It increases blood flow to the ischemic site by vasodilation to prevent tissue damage.
During rounds, the nurse notes that a dobutamine infusion has extravasated into the forearm of a patient. After stopping the infusion, the nurse follows standing orders and immediately injects phentolamine (Regitine) subcutaneously in a circular fashion around the extravasation site. What is the mechanism of action of the phentolamine in this situation?
It increases blood flow to the ischemic site by vasodilation to prevent tissue damage.
A patient with pheochromocytoma is admitted for surgery. The surgeon has ordered an alpha-blocking agent to be given preoperatively. What does the nurse understand about this agent?
It is ordered to prevent acute hypertensive crisis during surgery.
The nurse is providing instructions about the Advair inhaler (fluticasone propionate and salmeterol). Which statement about this inhaler is accurate?
It is used for prevention of bronchospasms.
During the administration of finasteride (Proscar), the nurse must remember which important precaution?
It must not be handled by pregnant women.
The prescriber has changed the patient's medication regimen to include the leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast (Singulair) to treat asthma. The nurse will emphasize which point about this medication?
It needs to be taken every day on a continuous schedule, even if symptoms improve.
A patient is taking fludrocortisone (Florinef) for Addison's disease, and his wife is concerned about all of the problems that may occur with this therapy. When teaching them about therapy with this drug, the nurse will include which information?
It needs to be taken with food or milk to minimize gastrointestinal upset.
A patient who is taking propylthiouracil (PTU) for hyperthyroidism wants to know how this medicine works. Which explanation by the nurse is accurate?
It slows down the formation of thyroid hormone.
A patient is admitted with glomerulonephritis. IV gentamicin therapy is started after cultures indicate gram-negative bacilli in the blood. The patient also receives IV furosemide (Lasix). The nurse will monitor for signs and symptoms of toxicity related to which organ?
Kidneys
A patient with persistent, frequent asthma exacerbations asks a nurse about a long-acting beta2-agonist medication. What will the nurse tell this patient?
LABAs should be combined with an inhaled glucocorticoid.
During drug therapy for pneumonia, a female patient develops a vaginal superinfection. The nurse explains that this infection is caused by which of these?
Large doses of antibiotics that kill normal flora.
A patient has a new prescription for an antiglaucoma eyedrop. The next day, she calls the clinic and states, "The package insert says this medication might make my blue eyes turn brown! Is this true?" The nurse realizes that the patient has a prescription for which eye medication?
Latanoprost (Xalatan), a prostaglandin agonist
A patient receiving high doses of methotrexate and is experiencing severe bone marrow suppression. The nurse expects which intervention to be ordered with this drug to reduce this problem?
Leucovorin rescue
A 21-year-old male athlete admits to using androgenic steroids. The nurse tells him that which of these is a possible adverse effect of these drugs?
Liver damage
Ramelteon (Rozerem) is prescribed for a patient with insomnia. The nurse checks the patient's medical history, knowing that this medication is contraindicated in which disorder?
Liver disease
A patient receiving diazepam (Valium) is complaining of nausea and vomiting and is becoming jaundiced. Which type of blood work will be performed?
Liver function tests
What is the rationale for administering fibrinolytic agents, such as streptokinase, within hours of the onset of myocardial infarction?
Lyses the blood clot
A patient who has been taking glucocorticoids over the past 3 months for Crohn's disease comes in for a follow-up visit. On assessment, the nurse notes facial edema, thinning extremities, and a fatty deposition (buffalo hump) on the scapular area. The patient reports the symptoms of the Crohn's disease are "somewhat better." What will the nurse expect the treatment to be?
Maintain the steroid dosage.
The nurse will be giving ophthalmic drugs to a patient with glaucoma. Which drug is given intravenously to reduce intraocular pressure when other medications are not successful?
Mannitol (Osmitrol)
When reviewing the drugs taken by a patient who will be starting thyroid replacement preparations, the nurse notes that an interaction may occur with which of these drugs?
Metformin
The nurse is giving an intravenous dose of phenytoin (Dilantin). Which action is correct when administering this drug?
Mix the drug with normal saline, and give it as a slow IV push.
The nurse is caring for a patient who is taking levothyroxine (Synthroid) and warfarin (Coumadin). Which intervention is a priority for the nurse?
Monitor the patient for increased risk of bleeding.
A patient with hypertension will begin taking an alpha1 blocker. What will the nurse teach this patient?
Move slowly from sitting to standing when taking this drug.
The nurse will monitor patients on vancomycin and loop diuretics for which adverse effect?
Nephrotoxicity
A patient who is on a phenothiazine complains of having elevated temperature, sweating, muscle rigidity, and "not feeling well." For what possible indication should the nurse assess the patient?
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient recently diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The patient tells the nurse she does not want to take medications while she is pregnant. What will the nurse explain to this patient?
Neuropsychologic deficits in the fetus can occur if the condition is not treated.
A patient will be starting therapy with a corticosteroid. The nurse reviews the prescriber's orders and notes that an interaction may occur if the corticosteroid is taken with which of these drug classes?
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
The nurse is reviewing the orders for a patient and notes a new order for an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The nurse checks the current medication orders, knowing that this drug class may have a serious interaction with what other drug class?
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
During a teaching session about self-monitoring while taking a beta blocker at home, the nurse has taught the patient to take his apical pulse daily for 1 minute. If the pulse rate decreases to less than 60 beats/min, the nurse will instruct the patient to do which of these?
Notify his prescriber.
The nurse is discussing adverse effects of a antitubercular drugs with a patient who has active tuberculosis. Which potential adverse effect of antitubercular drug therapy should the patient report to the prescriber?
Numbness and tingling of extremities
When evaluating a patient's use of a metered-dose inhaler (MDI), the nurse notes that the patient is unable to coordinate the activation of the inhaler with her breathing. What intervention is most appropriate at this time?
Obtain an order for a spacer device.
Insulin glargine is prescribed for a hospitalized patient who has diabetes. When will the nurse expect to administer this drug?
Once daily at bedtime
The nurse is preparing to administer insulin intravenously. Which statement about the administration of intravenous insulin is true?
Only regular insulin can be administered intravenously.
The nurse is reviewing the use of ophthalmic preparations. Indications for the direct- and indirect-acting miotics include which condition?
Open-angle glaucoma
The nurse is reviewing the medication list of a patient who will be starting androgen therapy. Which drug classes, if taken with androgens, may have an interaction with them?
Oral anticoagulants
When educating a patient recently placed on inhaled corticosteroids, the nurse will discuss which potential adverse effects?
Oral candidiasis and dry mouth
The nurse is teaching a patient with iron-deficiency anemia about foods to increase iron intake. Which food may enhance the absorption of oral iron forms?
Orange juice
A patient has been taking isoniazid (Nydrazid) for 4 months for latent tuberculosis. The patient reports bilateral tingling numbness of the hands and feet, as well as feeling clumsy. THe nurse expects the provider to
Order pyridoxine 100mg per day
A patient is taking an alpha blocker as treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia. The nurse will monitor for which potential drug effect?
Orthostatic hypotension
The nurse is assessing a patient for adverse effects of long-term glucocorticoid therapy. Which condition would most likely be present?
Osteoporosis
An older adult who has septicemia is receiving IV aminoglycoside therapy. Which symptom is most important for the nurse to monitor?
Ototoxicity
Which statement is true regarding the adverse effects associated with antipsychotic medications?
Painful dystonic reactions can occur in the first 72 hours of initiation of therapy.
A patient who has advanced cancer is receiving opioid medications around the clock to keep him comfortable as he nears the end of his life. Which term best describes this type of therapy?
Palliative therapy
The nurse will instruct patients about a possible systemic effect that may occur if excessive amounts of topically applied adrenergic nasal decongestants are used. Which systemic effect may occur?
Palpitations
A patient wants to take a ginseng dietary supplement. The nurse instructs the patient to look for which potential adverse effect?
Palpitations and anxiety
Which assessment by the nurse would be a sign of neurotoxicity related to chemotherapy?
Paresthesia
A young adult woman will begin using an inhaled glucocorticoid to treat asthma. The nurse will teach this patient about the importance of which action?
Participating in weight-bearing exercises on a regular basis
The outcome statement for a patient suffering from anxiety disorder reads, "After 1 week on alprazolam (Xanax) therapy, patient will exhibit a manageable level of anxiety." Which assessment finding validates that this outcome is met?
Patient reports sleeping better and increased interest in activities.
When are cancer cells most sensitive to chemotherapy?
Rapid Division
The nurse is reviewing the food choices of a patient who is taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Which food choice would indicate the need for additional teaching?
Pepperoni pizza
A glucocorticoid is prescribed for a patient. The nurse checks the patient's medical history knowing that glucocorticoid therapy is contraindicated in which disorder?
Peptic ulcer disease
The nurse is preparing to administer a new order for eardrops. Which is a potential contraindication to the use of many otic preparations?
Perforated eardrum
The nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a patient who is taking isoniazid (INH). Which drug or drug class has a significant drug interaction with isoniazid?
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
A patient is taking digoxin [Lanoxin] and develops a dysrhythmia. The nurse reports this finding to the prescriber, who will most likely order what? (Select all that apply.)
Phenytoin, Serum electrolytes
Which type of drug is most effective in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED)?
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors
The nurse needs to administer insulin subcutaneously to an obese patient. Which is the proper technique for this injection?
Pinching the skin at the injection site, and then inserting the needle to below the tissue fold at a 90-degree angle
Which signs(s) and symptoms assessed by the nurse would indicate thrombocytopenia?
Pinpoint red rash, Increase menstrual flow, Coffee-ground emesis
A patient who has been taking a benzodiazepine for 5 weeks has been instructed to stop the medication. Which instruction will the nurse provide to the patient on how to discontinue the medication?
Plan a gradual reduction in dosage
The nurse notes in a patient's medication history that the patient has been taking desmopressin (DDAVP). Based on this finding, the nurse interprets that the patient has which disorder?
Polyuria
In assessing a patient before administration of a cardiac glycoside, the nurse knows that which lab result can increase the toxicity of the drug?
Potassium level 2.8 mEq/L
The nurse is preparing to administer a barbiturate. Which conditions or disorders would be a contraindication to the use of these drugs? (Select all that apply.)
Pregnancy, Severe COPD, Liver failure
The nurse notes in the patient's medication orders that the patient will be starting anticoagulant therapy. What is the primary goal of anticoagulant therapy?
Preventing thrombus formation
What occurs in the nasal structures when cholinergic fibers are stimulated?
Production of serous and mucous secretions in the nostrils
A patient is about to undergo ocular surgery. The preoperative nurse anticipates that which drug will be used for local anesthesia?
Proparacaine (Alcaine)
A hospitalized patient who is taking demeclocycline [Declomycin] reports increased urination, fatigue, and thirst. What will the nurse do?
Provide extra fluids and reassure the patient that these are expected side effects.
A patient on a high dosage of corticosteroids over a period of time may develop which type of psychiatric complication?
Psychotic behaviors
The nurse is teaching a patient's wife about administering eardrops to her husband. The nurse will use which technique when demonstrating the skill?
Pull the pinna of the ear up and back.
A prescriber is considering prescribing the amiodarone derivative dronedarone [Multaq] for a patient with atrial flutter. The nurse should be concerned about which of the following?
QT interval prolongation
A nurse is performing a physical assessment on a patient with tuberculosis who takes rifapin (Rifadin). What would be an expected finding?
Red orange tinged urine
What are the results of using glucocorticoid drugs to treat asthma? (Select all that apply.)
Reduced bronchial hyperreactivity, Reduced edema of the airway, Increased responsiveness to beta2-adrenergic agonists
How does propranolol (Inderal) control hypertension?
Reduces the sympathetic stimulation in cardiac muscle
What process in the antigen antibody reaction causes the symptoms of allergies?
Release of histamine
What action is often recommended to help reduce tolerance to transdermal nitroglycerin therapy?
Remove the patch at bedtime, and then apply a new one in the morning.
The nurse checks a patient's serum creatinine level before starting antibiotic therapy in order to assess which function?
Renal
During assessment of a patient with osteoarthritis pain, the nurse knows that which condition is a contraindication to the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)?
Renal disease
A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus has been found to have trace proteinuria. The prescriber writes an order for an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. What is the main reason for prescribing this class of drug for this patient?
Renal protective effects
Before administering digoxin (Lanoxin), the nurse takes the adult patient's apical pulse for 1 full minute. What additional nursing considerations will be taken before administration of the medication? (Select all that apply.)
Review of the digoxin blood level, Review of serum electrolytes, liver, and kidney function studies
The nurse is administering an adrenal drug to a patient. Which action by the nurse is appropriate for this patient?
Rinsing the oral cavity after using corticosteroid inhalers
The nurse is teaching patients about self-injection of insulin. Which statement is true regarding injection sites?
Rotate sites within the same location for about 1 week before rotating to a new location.
A patient with bipolar disorder exhibits signs and symptoms of lithium toxicity. The nurse must assess the patient for which condition that would potentially result in toxic levels of lithium in blood?
SIADH
One patient has cancer of the bone; another has cancer in the connective tissues of his leg muscles; a third patient has cancer in her vascular tissues. Which of these is the correct term for these tumors?
Sarcoma
Which conditions may occur with the administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics over an extended period of time?
Secondary infection
Linezolid (Zyvox) is contraindicated for a patient wh is taking which class of medication for depression?
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
On what is the selection of an antimicrobial agent based?
Sensitivity of the microorganism to the drug
A patient is about to receive a dose of octreotide (Sandostatin). The nurse is aware that this medication is indicated for treatment of (Select all that apply.)
Severe diarrhea, Esophageal varices, Carcinoid crisis, Acromegaly
A patient is to begin taking phenytoin [Dilantin] for seizures. The patient tells the nurse that she is taking oral contraceptives. What will the nurse tell the patient?
She should consider a different form of birth control while taking phenytoin.
A 73-year-old male patient is in the clinic for a yearly physical and is asking for a prescription for sildenafil (Viagra). He has listed on his health history that he is taking a nitrate for angina. The nurse is aware that which problem may occur if sildenafil is taken with a nitrate?
Significant decrease in blood pressure
A patient has a new prescription for tamsulosin (Flomax) as treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia. The nurse is checking his current medication list and will contact the prescriber regarding a potential interaction if the patient is also taking which drug?
Sildenafil (Viagra), an erectile dysfunction medication
The nurse is teaching a patient about dietary implications while on warfarin (Coumadin) therapy. Which salad is highest in vitamin K?
Spinach
A patient has a urinary tract infection. The nurse knows that which class of drugs is especially useful for such infections?
Sulfonamides
The nurse has been caring for a patient who has been taking antibiotics for 3 weeks. Upon assessing the patient, the nurse notices the individual has developed oral thrush. What describes the etiology of the thrush?
Superinfection
A patient who has been taking gentamicin (aminoglycoside) for 5 days reports a headache and dizziness. What will be a priority nursing action?
Suspect ototoxicity and notify the prescriber.
A patient, newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism, receives a prescription for a thyroid hormone replacement drug. The nurse assesses for which potential contraindication to this drug?
Tachycardia
A patient will be taking oral iron supplements at home. The nurse will include which statements in the teaching plan for this patient? (Select all that apply.)
Take iron tablet with meals if there is gastric distress, Taking iron supplements with orange juice enhances iron absorption., Stools may become black and tarry
The nurse is administrating eardrops that have been refrigerated. Which action by the nurse is correct before administering the drops?
Take the drops out of the refrigerator 1 hour before the dose is due.
A patient is prescribed allopurinol to treat gout. The nurse is educating the patient about administration of the drug. Which intervention does the nurse suggest to the patient to ensure safe administration of the drug?
Take the drug with a meal
A nurse is giving instructions to a patient who will be receiving oral iron supplements. Which instructions will be included in the teaching plan?
Take the iron tablets with meals if gastrointestinal distress occurs.
A patient has been instructed to take one enteric-coated low-dose aspirin a day as part of therapy to prevent strokes. The nurse will provide which instruction when providing patient teaching about this medication?
Take the medication with 6 to 8 ounces of water and with food.
When reviewing a patient's medical record, the nurse notes an order for carbamide peroxide eardrops. Based on this information, the nurse interprets that these eardrops are being used for which purpose?
To loosen the cerumen for easier removal
Anticoagulant therapy may be used for which situation(s)? (Select all that apply.)
To prevent stroke in high-risk patients, Following a myocardial infarction, Following hip joint replacement surgery, With DVT
A patient has been taking the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) sertraline (Zoloft) for about 6 months. At a recent visit, she tells the nurse that she has been interested in herbal therapies and wants to start taking St. John's wort. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
Taking St. John's wort with Zoloft may cause severe interactions and is not recommended."
The nurse is preparing to administer morning medications to a patient who has been newly diagnosed with tuberculosis. The patient asks, "Why do I have to take so many different drugs?" Which response by the nurse is correct?
Taking multiple drugs is recommended because of the increasing presence of resistance to TB drug therapy
A 79-year-old patient is receiving a quinolone as treatment for a complicated incision infection. The nurse will monitor for which adverse effect that is associated with these drugs?
Tendonitis and tendon rupture
A patient is receiving oral iron for iron deficiency anemia. Which antibiotic drug, taken concurrently with iron, would most concern the nurse?
Tetracycline
A patient is scheduled to take tetracycline and aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) at the same time. When will the nurse administer the medications to achieve the optimal effects?
Tetracycline 1 hour before Amphojel
A patient with type 1 diabetes who takes insulin reports taking propranolol for hypertension. Why is the nurse concerned?
The beta blocker can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia.
A patient, diagnosed with lymphoma, has an allergy to one of the proposed chemotherapy drugs. The tumor has not responded to other types of treatment. The nurse expects the oncologist to follow which course of treatment?
The chemotherapy will be given along with supportive measures to treat a possible allergic reaction
The nurse is administering eardrops that contain a combination of an antibiotic and a corticosteroid. What is the rationale for combining these two drugs in eardrops?
The corticosteroid reduces the inflammation and itching associated with ear infections.
During a routine appointment, a patient with a history of seizures is found to have a phenytoin (Dilantin) level of 23 mcg/mL. What concern will the nurse have, if any?
The drug level is at a toxic level, and the dosage needs to be reduced.
A patient with hypothyroidism is given a prescription for levothyroxine (Synthroid). When the nurse explains that this is a synthetic form of the thyroid hormone, he states that he prefers to receive more "natural" forms of drugs. What will the nurse explain to him about the advantages of levothyroxine?
The half-life of levothyroxine is long enough to permit once-daily dosing.
A patient has a diagnosis of tertiary hypothyroidism. Which statement accurately describes this problem?
The hypothalamus is not secreting thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), therefore thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is not released from the pituitary gland.
A patient has been taking lithium for 1 year, and the most recent lithium level is 0.9 mEq/L. Which statement about the laboratory result is correct?
The lithium level is therapeutic.
During treatment of a patient who has brain cancer, the nurse hears the oncologist mention that the patient has reached the nadir. The nurse knows that this term means which of these?
The lowest level of neutrophils reached during therapy
The nurse will plan to use the Z-track method of intramuscular (IM) injections for which situation?
The medication is known to be irritating to tissues.
A patient is taking gabapentin (Neurontin), and the nurse notes that there is no history of seizures on his medical record. What is the best possible rationale for this medication order?
The medication is used for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
When monitoring a patient who is taking a thyroid replacement hormone, which adverse effect needs to be reported to the prescriber?
Tremors and insomnia
A 6-year-old boy has been started on an extended-release form of methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin) for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). During a follow-up visit, his mother tells the nurse that she has been giving the medication at bedtime so that it will be "in his system" when he goes to school the next morning. What is the nurse's appropriate evaluation of the mother's actions?
The medication should be given 4 to 6 hours before bedtime to diminish insomnia.
A patient who reports nasal congestion is prescribed naphazoline, 2 drops in each nostril, q6h, for 5 days. The patient reports increased nasal congestion after 10 days. On assessment the nurse learns that hte patient had increased the drug frequency to q3h for 10 days. Which statement describes what the nurse would interpret from this information?
The patient has developed rebound congestion.
During therapy with a beta blocker, the patient notices that she has swollen feet, has gained 3 pounds within 2 days, feels short of breath even when walking around the house, and has been dizzy. The nurse suspects that which of the following is occurring?
The patient may be developing heart failure.
During therapy with a beta blocker, the patient notices that she has swollen feet, has gained 3 pounds within 2 days, feels short of breath even when walking around the house, and has been dizzy. The nurse suspects that which of these is occurring?
The patient may be developing heart failure.
A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus takes glipizide. The patient develops a urinary tract infection, and the prescriber orders TMP/SMZ. What will the nurse tell the patient?
The patient should check the blood glucose level more often while taking TMP/SMZ.
A patient in her twenties with Graves' disease who takes methimazole [Tapazole] tells a nurse that she is trying to conceive and asks about disease management during pregnancy. What will the nurse tell her?
The patient should discuss changing to propylthiouracil from now until her second trimester with her provider.
A patient who started taking orlistat (Xenical) 1 month ago calls the clinic to report some "embarrassing" adverse effects. She tells the nurse that she has had episodes of "not being able to control my bowel movements." Which statement is true about this situation?
The patient will need to restrict fat intake to less than 30% of total calories to help reduce these adverse effects.
These patients are receiving chemotherapy. Which patient should the nurse see first?
The patient with a fever of 100.3F
When reviewing the medication orders for a patient who is taking penicillin, the nurse notes that the patient is also taking the oral anticoagulant warfarin (Coumadin). What possible effect may occur as the result of an interaction between these drugs?
The penicillin will cause an enhanced anticoagulant effect of the warfarin.
A patient has just been diagnosed with cancer and will begin chemotherapy. The patient asks the nurse about the possibility of nausea and vomiting. The nurse will tell the patient that:
The provider will order drugs to help prevent nausea and vomiting before each dose.
A 16-year-old boy who is taking somatropin comes into the office because he had an asthma attack during a race at school. Because of this new development, the nurse expects which intervention to occur next?
The somatropin dosage may be adjusted.
The nurse is administering folic acid to a patient with a new diagnosis of anemia. Which statement about treatment with folic acid is true?
The specific cause of the anemia needs to be determined before treatment.
The nurse wants to evaluate a nursing student's understanding of chemotherapy. The nurse asks, "Which factor would be a major obstacles to successful chemotherapy?" What is the student's best response?
The toxicity of anticancer drugs to normal tissues
A patient has been takin antitubercular therapy for 3 months. The nurse will assess for what findings that indicate a therapeutic response to the drug therapy?
There is a decrease in symptoms of tuberculosis along with improved chest radiographs and sputum cultures
The nurse is developing a teaching plan for patients prescribed buspirone (BuSpar). Which information about this medication should be included?
There is minimal potential for abuse.
What is the rationale behind administering calcium channel blockers to patients with angina?
They dilate blood vessels.
What is the major advantage of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) over other types of antidepressant therapy?
They do not cause the anticholinergic and cardiovascular adverse effects.
The nurse is explaining to a patient how ACE inhibitors affect blood pressure. Which statement accurately describes the action of these medications?
They inhibit vasoconstriction.
Why is a patient with prostate cancer prescribed an estrogen?
To decrease the rate of production for malignant cells.
A patient will be receiving a thrombolytic drug as part of the treatment for acute myocardial infarction. The nurse explains to the patient that this drug is used for which purpose?
To dissolve the clot in the coronary artery
Why are bone marrow stimulants used in the treatment of cancer?
To enhance the patient's immune system during treatment
A patient taking an MAOI is seen in the clinic with a blood pressure of 170/96 mm Hg. What will the nurse ask this patient?
To list all foods eaten that day
A patient calls the clinic to ask about taking a glucosamine-chondroitin supplement for arthritis. The nurse reviews the medication history and notes that there will be a concern for drug interactions if the patient is also taking medications for which disorder?
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a patient and notes an order for ophthalmic dexamethasone (Decadron) solution. The nurse knows that indications for ophthalmic dexamethasone include which conditions? (Select all that apply.)
Uveitis Allergic conditions Removal of foreign bodies Conjunctival inflammation
A patient who has been hospitalized for 2 weeks has developed a pressure ulcer that contains multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which drug would the nurse expect to be chosen for therapy?
Vancomycin (Vancocin)
What is the primary response to alpha-1 receptor stimulation?
Vasoconstriction
Which are therapeutic uses of verapamil? (Select all that apply.)
Vasospastic angina, Paroxysmal cardiac dysrhythmias, Primary hypertension
The nurse has an order to administer an intramuscular (IM) immunization to a 2-month-old child. Which site is considered the best choice for this injection?
Vastus lateralis
A patient who has been anticoagulated with warfarin (Coumadin) has been admitted for gastrointestinal bleeding. The history and physical examination indicates that the patient may have taken too much warfarin. The nurse anticipates that the patient will receive which antidote?
Vitamin K
The nurse is reviewing the history of a patient who has a new order for a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) to treat tendonitis. Which conditions are contraindications to the use of NSAIDs? (Select all that apply.)
Vitamin K deficiency, Peptic ulcer disease, Documented aspirin allergy
The nurse is teaching a patient about proper administration of eardrops. Which statements are correct? (Select all that apply.)
Warm the eardrops to room temperature before instillation. The adult patient should pull the pinna of the ear up and back. Insert a dry cotton ball firmly into the ear canal after instillation.
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving desmopressin [Stimate]. The nurse is performing a physical assessment and notes that the patient is drowsy and listless and complains of a recent onset of headache. Which finding would be most consistent with these symptoms?
Water intoxication
What is one of the teaching points for a patient taking the conventional class of antipsychotic drug phenothiazine?
Wear SPF protection as this drug causes photosensitivity.
A patient is concerned about the body changes that have resulted from long-term prednisone therapy for the treatment of asthma. Which expected effect of this drug therapy would cause a change in the patient's appearance?
Weight gain
During antibiotic therapy, the nurse will monitor closely for signs and symptoms of a hypersensitivity reaction. Which of these assessment findings may be an indication of a hypersensitivity reaction? (Select all that apply.)
Wheezing, Shortness of breath, Swelling of tongue, Pruritus
The nurse is measuring 4 mL of a liquid cough elixir for a child. Which method is most appropriate?
Withdrawing the elixir from the container using a calibrated oral syringe
A patient about to receive a morning dose of digoxin has an apical pulse of 53 beats/minute. What will the nurse do next?
Withhold the dose, and notify the prescriber.
Prior to the administration of a beta-adrenergic blocker, the nurse notes the patient to have a heart rate of 52 beats/min, peripheral edema, crackles in the bases of the lungs, and mottled skin. Which is the priority nursing action?
Withhold the medication and notify the health care provider.
When is the best time for the nurse to administer Lispro?
Within 10 to 15 minutes of eating
A patient is about to begin treatment for latent tuberculosis. The patient is an alcoholic, has difficulty complying with drug regimens, and has mild liver damage. What will the nurse tell this patient?
You must take isoniazid with close monitoring of hepatic function
A patient who takes warfarin [Coumadin] is brought to the emergency department after accidentally taking too much warfarin. The patient's heart rate is 78 beats/min, and the blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg. A dipstick urinalysis is normal. The patient does not have any obvious hematoma or petechiae and does not complain of pain. The nurse will anticipate an order for:
a PT and an INR.
A patient has had blood pressures of 150/95 and 148/90 mm Hg on two separate office visits. The patient reports a blood pressure of 145/92 mm Hg taken in an ambulatory setting. The patient's diagnostic tests are all normal. The nurse will expect this patient's provider to order:
a thiazide diuretic.
The nurse is monitoring drug levels for a patient who is receiving theophylline. The most recent theophylline level was 21 mcg/mL, and the nurse evaluates this level to be
above the therapeutic level.
A patient with atrial fibrillation is receiving warfarin [Coumadin]. The nurse notes that the patient's INR is 2.7. Before giving the next dose of warfarin, the nurse will notify the provider and:
administer the dose as ordered.
Prazosin
alpha adrenergic blocker
The nurse is reviewing medications for the treatment of asthma. Which drugs are used for acute asthma attacks? (Select all that apply.)
aminophylline IV infusion, albuterol (Proventil) nebulizer solution, epinephrine
A child with an ear infection is not responding to treatment with amoxicillin [Amoxil]. The nurse will expect the provider to order:
amoxicillin-clavulanic acid [Augmentin]
A patient prescribed sumatriptan succinate for migraine headaches must be assessed for which condition?
angina
A patient with high-risk factors for tuberculosis will begin therapy for latent TBwith isoniazid and rifampin. THe nurse learns that this patient takes oral contraceptives. The nurse will counsel this patient to discuss with her provider.
another birth control
A patient has a digoxin level of 2.5 ng/mL. The nurse interprets that this level is
at a toxic level.
A patient with Stage C heart failure (HF) who has been taking an ACE inhibitor, a beta blocker, and a diuretic begins to have increased dyspnea, weight gain, and decreased urine output. The provider orders spironolactone [Aldactone]. The nurse will instruct the patient to:
avoid potassium supplements.
The nurse is monitoring drug levels for a patient who is receiving theophylline. The most recent theophylline level was 9 mcg/mL, and the nurse evaluates this level to be
below the therapeutic level.
Verapamil
calcium channel blocker
A patient who has undergone surgical removal of solid tumor has just begun chemotherapy. The patient experiences severe nausea and vomiting as well as alopecia. The nurse will expect the provider to
continue the chemotherapeutic agent at the same dose
When taking an Analeptic drug, doxapram (Dopram), in addition to assessing vital signs and heart rhythm a nurse must also check
deep tendon reflexes to detect neuromuscular disease.
A nurse is reviewing a patient's most recent blood count and notes that the patient has a hemoglobin of 9.6 g/dl and a hematocrit of 33%. The nurse will notify the provider and will expect initial treatment to include:
determining the cause of the anemia.
A patient is taking a xanthine derivative as part of treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The nurse will monitor for adverse effects associated with the use of xanthine derivatives, such as
extrasystole.
When a male patient is receiving androgen therapy, the nurse will monitor for signs of excessive androgens such as:
fluid retention.
A patient with a tracheostomy has difficulty removing excessive, thick mucus from the respiratory tract. The nurse expects that which drug will be ordered to aid in the removal of mucus?
guaifenesin (Humibid)
A nurse is caring for an African American patient who has been admitted to the unit for long-term antibiotic therapy with sulfonamides. The patient develops fever, pallor, and jaundice. The nurse would be correct to suspect that the patient has developed:
hemolytic anemia.
A patient is taking enalapril [Vasotec]. The nurse understands that patients taking this type of drug for heart failure need to be monitored carefully for:
hyperkalemia.
During therapy with the hematopoietic drug epoetin alfa (Epogen), the nurse instructs the patient about adverse effects that may occur, such as:
hypertension.
A patient is admitted to a long-term psychiatric setting. The MAOI medication previously prescribed is discontinued by the physician. New orders are obtained to initiate imipramine therapy. The nurse will provide the first dose of imipramine to the patient _____ the MAOI drug.
in 14 days following the last dose of
The nurse transcribes a new order for a daily diuretic on a patient diagnosed with congestive heart failure. The nurse will schedule this medication?
in the morning.
A patient is receiving finasteride (Proscar) for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The nurse will tell him that a possible effect of this medication is:
increased hair growth.
A gardener needs a decongestant because of seasonal allergy problems and asks the nurse whether he should take an oral form or a nasal spray. The nurse's answer considers that one benefit of orally administered decongestants is
lack of rebound congestion.
When reviewing the medication profile of a patient with a new order for desmopressin (DDAVP), the nurse notes that a drug interaction will occur if which drug is taken with desmopressin?
lithium
Salmeterol
long acting beta 2 agonist
A pregnant woman is experiencing hypertension. The nurse knows that which drug is commonly used for a pregnant patient who is experiencing hypertension?
methyldopa (Aldomet)
A patient is about to begin treatment with isoniazid. THe nurse learns that the patient also take phenytoin (Dilantin) for seizures. The nurse will contact the provider to discuss
monitor phenytoin levels
During a teaching session about self-monitoring while taking a beta blocker at home, the nurse has taught the patient to take his apical pulse daily for 1 minute. If the pulse rate decreases to less than 60 beats per minute, the nurse will instruct the patient to:
notify his prescriber.
An older adult patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) develops bronchitis. The patient has a temperature of 39.5°C. The nurse will expect the provider to:
order empiric antibiotics while waiting for sputum culture results.
A patient is receiving heparin postoperatively to prevent deep vein thrombosis. The nurse notes that the patient has a blood pressure of 90/50 mm Hg and a heart rate of 98 beats/min. The patient's most recent aPTT is greater than 90 seconds. The patient reports lumbar pain. The nurse will request an order for:
protamine sulfate.
The nurse is evaluating the laboratory results of a patient who has received chemotherapy. the loss of which blood cell leads to lack of energy, fatigue, intolerance of activity and hypoxemia?
red blood cells
The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving vancomycin [Vancocin]. The nurse notes that the patient is experiencing flushing, rash, pruritus, and urticaria. The patient's heart rate is 120 beats/min, and the blood pressure is 92/57 mm Hg. The nurse understands that these findings are consistent with:
red man syndrome.
A patient who takes oral theophylline [Theochron] twice daily for chronic stable asthma develops an infection and will take ciprofloxacin. The nurse will contact the provider to discuss:
reducing the theophylline dose.
A patient is admitted to the hospital and will begin taking levothyroxine [Synthroid]. The nurse learns that the patient also takes warfarin [Coumadin]. The nurse will notify the provider to discuss ____ the ____ dose.
reducing; warfarin
A nurse preparing to administer intravenous gentamicin (aminoglycoside) to a patient notes that the dose is half the usual dose for an adult. The nurse suspects that this is because this patient has a history of:
renal disease.
A nurse is caring for a patient after hip replacement surgery. The patient has been receiving iron replacement therapy for 2 days. The nurse notes that the patient's stools appear black. The patient is pale and complains of feeling tired. The patient's heart rate is 98 beats/min, respirations are 20 breaths per minute, and the blood pressure is 100/50 mm Hg. The nurse will contact the provider to:
request a hemoglobin and hematocrit (H&H).
A patient with heart failure who has been taking an ACE inhibitor, a thiazide diuretic, and a beta blocker for several months comes to the clinic for evaluation. As part of the ongoing assessment of this patient, the nurse will expect the provider to evaluate:
serum electrolyte levels.
Albuterol
short acting beta 2 agonist
A patient who does not consume alcohol or nicotine products reports a strong family history of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. The patient has a blood pressure of 126/82 and a normal weight and body mass index for height and age. The nurse will expect to teach this patient about:
the DASH diet, sodium restriction, and exercise.
A hospitalized patient with cancer is receiving chemotherapy and reports oral pain. Inspection of the patient's oral mucosa reveals erythema and inflammation with denudation or ulceration. The nurse understands that
the patient can use a mouthwash with a topical anesthetic to control pain
A patient has had recent prosthetic heart valve surgery and is receiving anticoagulant therapy. While monitoring the patient's laboratory work, the nurse interprets that the patient's international normalized ratio (INR) level of 1.8 indicates that
the patient is not receiving enough warfarin to have a therapeutic effect.
A nurse caring for a patient receiving heparin therapy notes that the patient has a heart rate of 98 beats/min and a blood pressure of 110/72 mm Hg. The patient's fingertips are purplish in color. A stat CBC shows a platelet count of less than 100,000 mm3. The nurse knows the patient is showing signs of:
thrombocytopenia
A patient who has been anticoagulated with warfarin (Coumadin) has been admitted for gastrointestinal bleeding. The patient's lab work indicates an International Normalized Ratio (INR) of 6. The nurse anticipates that the patient will receive which of the following treatment?
vitamin K