amendments vocabulary

equal protection clause

"no state shall... deny to any person with in its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws". (applies due process to the states(5th=federal))

amendment

a change in, or addition to, the constitution or a law.

police power

authority of each state to act and protect and promote the public health, safety, morals, and general welfare.

libel and slander

bad untrue things said about people. libel- print, slander- spoken

8th amendment

bail, no cruel/ unusual punishment

religion

church and state are seperate.

obscenity

curse words, gestures, etc.

5th amendment

ensures due process and no doubt jeopardy

exclusionary rule

evidence gained as the result of an illegal act by the police cannot be used at trial (state or federal)

bill of rights

first 10 amendments to the constitution.

symbolic speech

flag burning, facial expression, arm band... (freedom of expression)

1st amendment

freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition. (speech+press=freedom of expression)

civil liberty

freedoms and rights protected in the bill of rights, government cant take away but private parties can.

civil rights

government protection of individual enquality under the law, nobody can take away, positive acts of the government.

preventive detention

held without bail if there is reason to believe the person will commit another crime while awaiting trial.

establishment clause

no established/ national religion allowed

3rd amendment

no lodging troops in private homes.

assembly/ petition

peaceful is protected only- no violence

9th amendment

people may have more rights than just those protections/ rights listed in the constitution.

10th amendment

powers not delegated to the federal government and not forbidden to the states belong to the states or people.

probable clause

reasonable suspicion of a crime comitted/ or will be commited.

7th amendment

right to a jury trials in federal civil cases

free exercise clause

right to believe what ever she/he choose, with religion.

2nd amendment

right to keep/ bear arms, states have militas,

6th amendment

right to speedy and public trial

15th amendment

right to vote regardless of race, color, or servitude. (for men)

14th amendment

rights of citizen (born in the U.S.)

4th amendment

search and seizure, proper warrants.

13th amendment

slavery and involuntary servitude( forced labor) prohibated.