American History Since 1877 Final Exam Review - Quizzes

Which of the following scientists developed the theory of relativity, which maintained that space, time, and mass were not absolutes, but instead were relative to the location and motion of the observer? A. Max Planck B. Albert Einstein C. Sheldon Cooper D. Werner Heisenberg

B. Albert Einstein

The musical genre of jazz, which increasingly became popular during the Jazz Age, was:

A blend of several musical traditions, such as ragtime and the blues.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the experiences of Mexican Americans following the Second World War? A. Mexican Americans tended to avoid racial discrimination entirely, especially due to the number of them who had fought during the war and demanded equality at home. B. In a number of southwestern states, schools segregated Mexican American children from white children, and Mexican American veterans often were denied benefits available to white veterans. C. The U.S. military refused to accept Mexican Americans into its ranks during the war, which fueled widespread postwar stereotypes that they lacked patriotism. D. The United States contained so few Mexican Americans that they were rarely subject to ethnic prejudice and enjoyed equality with white Americans in postwar social programs.

B. In a number of southwestern states, schools segregated Mexican American children from white children, and Mexican American veterans often were denied benefits available to white veterans.

In comparison to Woodrow Wilson, Warren G. Harding was more progressive when it came to matters of dealing with which of the following issues? A. Segregation policies and racism. B. The environment and the conservation movement. C. Foreign Policy. D. Government regulation of business.

A. Segregation policies and racism.

All of the following were objectives of the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) except: A. The development of the Smoky Mountain National Park. B. Soil conservation and forestry. C. Providing a means for flood control. D. The production of cheap electric power.

A. The development of the Smoky Mountain National Park.

Which of the following accurately describes the "new women" of the 1920s, such as flappers? A. Women who defied traditional standards for women with a carefree, self-indulgent rebelliousness. B. Women who insisted that higher education was the path to enlightenment and established coeducational colleges across the country. C. Women who welcomed the vote, but enthusiastically accepted the traditional roles of mother and wife. D. Women who called for the establishment of laws that would keep dresses and skirts long enough to cover women's knees.

A. Women who defied traditional standards for women with a carefree, self-indulgent rebelliousness.

Under President Theodore Roosevelt, Gifford Pinchot directed programs related to the:

Conservation of natural resources.

Which sectors were the leading cause of economic growth in the 1920s, which also is referred to as the "New Era"?

Construction and automobile manufacturing.

Which of the following statements about the attack on Pearl Harbor is not accurate? A. It was one part of a larger Japanese offensive launched into Southeast Asia and the Pacific region. B. The Japanese attack ignored onshore maintenance facilities and oil storage tanks. C. The Japanese missed destroying all of the U.S. aircraft carriers in the attack as several ships had left port a few days earlier. D. A specific attack on Pearl Harbor had been long expected by American officials.

D. A specific attack on Pearl Harbor had been long expected by American officials.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the decision-making process behind the use of atomic bombs against Japan? A. American military planners believed that the use of the bombs would kill only the Japanese emperor and most of the government officials, but keep all innocent civilians safe. B. American military planners reasoned that use of the bombs would shock Germany into surrendering before facing the same fate. C. American military planners reasoned that use of the bombs would prevent the Chinese Communists from entering the war in Asia. D. American military planners reasoned that the use of bombs would prevent the necessity of a conventional land invasion into Japan, which they believed would cost more than a million lives.

D. American military planners reasoned that the use of bombs would prevent the necessity of a conventional land invasion into Japan, which they believed would cost more than a million lives.

Which of the following statements is not true about Robert La Follette's 1924 presidential campaign? A. It was supported by the Socialists and organized labor, such as the American Federation of Labor (AFL). B. It resulted in one of the best third-party showings in history. C. The only state that he carried was his native Wisconsin. D. La Follette tried to unite the fractured Democratic party.

D. La Follette tried to unite the fractured Democratic party.

Which of the following acts extended agricultural and mechanical education to high schools? A. Smith-Lever Act of 1914 B. Keating-Owen Act of 1916 C. Adamson Act of 1916 D. Smith-Hughes Act of 1917

D. Smith-Hughes Act of 1917

In the attempt to avoid bankruptcy, which of the following programs helped people refinance their mortgages at lower interest rates? A. Works Progress Administration B. National Recovery Administration C. Securities and Exchange Commission D. Home Owners' Loan Corporation

D. Home Owners' Loan Corporation

All of the following military innovations changed warfare during World War I except: A. Flame throwers. B. Poison gas delivered by wind or artillery shells. C. Machine guns. D. Nuclear weapons.

D. Nuclear weapons.

Which of the following was not a motivating factor for the beginning of the Progressive Era? A. The hazards encountered by laborers in the workplace, especially the work experiences endured by women and children. B. Rampant political corruption and abuse, particularly among political bosses in urban areas. C. Unequal distribution of wealth and power between rich and poor. D. The United States' participation in the Spanish-American War.

D. The United States' participation in the Spanish-American War.

In September 1945, President Harry S. Truman made clear his intentions about his domestic policy by proposing to:

Enlarge the New Deal.

During the early twentieth century, the ___________________________________ was the movement of African Americans from the South to urban cities in the North.

Great Migration

The Spanish flu epidemic of 1918:

Killed nearly ten times the number of Americans as died of combat deaths in France.

At the Casablanca Conference (1943), Winston Churchill and Franklin Roosevelt agreed to:

Launch an assault on Sicily and Italy, increase the bombing of Germany, and ship more military supplies to the Soviet Union and Nationalist Chinese forces that were fighting the Japanese.

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) emphasized:

Legal action against discrimination.

Despite the fact that World War I generated many changes in female employment, these changes were:

Limited and brief.

The Five-Power Treaty (1922):

Limited the naval size of the United States, Britain, Japan, France, and Italy, specifically battleships and aircraft carriers.

The Clayton Anti-Trust Act (1914):

Outlawed price discrimination and exempted labor unions from anti-trust laws.

The First Red Scare of 1918-1919 was directed against:

Suspected radicals, including many whom were Russian immigrants.

What was the 1916 act that expanded the federal army from 90,000 to 175,000 and permitted gradual enrollment to 223,000? Make sure to answer the question using a full, complete sentence.

The 1916 National Defense Act increased the federal army from 90,000 to 223,000 over the next five years.

What was the name of the 1950 act that made it unlawful "to combine, conspire, or agree with any other person to perform any act which would substantially contribute to...the establishment of a totalitarian dictatorship"? Make sure to answer the question using a full, complete sentence.

The 1950 act that made it unlawful "to combine, conspire, or agree with any other person to perform any act which would substantially contribute to...the establishment of a totalitarian dictatorship" was the McCarran Internal Security Act.

President Harry S. Truman's program to initiate domestic reforms was known as:

The Fair Deal

What was the name of the 1928 treaty that renounced war as "an instrument of national policy"? Make sure when answering the question to use a full, complete sentence. (For this answer, I will accept either the official name of the treaty or the other name by which it is referred to.)

The Kellogg-Briand Pact, also known as the General Treaty for Renunciation of War as an Instrument of National Policy, renounced war as "an instrument of national policy" in 1928.

For President Woodrow Wilson, the most important part of the Paris peace negotiations involved:

The League of Nations.

_____________________________________ was the union organizer who led thousands of employees at General Motors assembly plants in Flint, Michigan, to occupy the factories and halt all production.

Walter Reuther

The "Ohio Gang":

Was a group of President Warren G. Harding's friends who were named to political office, but really served as the president's drinking buddies.

By the mid-1920s, ________________________ became the nation's chief form of mass entertainment as attendance averaged over 80 million people weekly.

movies

The initial event that triggered the beginning of World War I in Europe was:

A Serbian nationalist's assassination of the Austrian ruler, Archduke Franz Ferdinand.

Which of the following statements did modernists believe? A. Challenging traditional values and notions of reality is important, especially in terms of promoting new ways of thinking and behaving. B. Human reason ruled all of nature. C. Nature's reality can be captured in art. D. Art, in the end, has strict rules that should be obeyed.

A. Challenging traditional values and notions of reality is important, especially in terms of promoting new ways of thinking and behaving.

Which of the following individuals wrote "The Interpretation of Dreams," in which the author stressed the crucial role that the subconscious played in shaping peoples' behaviors and moods? A. Sigmund Freud B. Abraham Maslow C. F. Scott Fitzgerald D. Ivan Pavlov

A. Sigmund Freud

The Fair Labor Standards Act, which only applied to interstate commerce, included all of the following stipulations except: A. The right for workers to form labor unions. B. The prohibition of child labor for children under the age of sixteen. C. A maximum workweek of forty hours. D. A minimum wage of forty cents per hour.

A. The right for workers to form labor unions.

The National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) provided for all of the following economic stipulations except: A. Was applicable to all American workers, including agricultural and domestic workers. B. Included a provision that guaranteed the rights of workers to organize unions. C. Established codes of fair practice for industries that related to the amount of hours in the workweek, minimum weekly wages, and the prohibiting of child labor. D. Creation of the Public Works Administration (PWA), which helped to construct new government buildings, highways, flood control projects, and other transportation improvements.

A. Was applicable to all American workers, including agricultural and domestic workers.

Immediately after the conclusion of the Second World War, which of the following was one of the most serious economic problems that President Harry S. Truman faced? A. High rates of inflation. B. An economic depression. C. High unemployment rates. D. Weakness of organized labor.

A. High rates of inflation.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the Sixteenth Amendment? A. In accordance with progressives' demands, the amendment instated a graduated income tax to help slow the concentration of wealth held by the riches Americans. B. The amendment officially gave women in all states and territories the right to vote in national and state-level elections. C. The Amendment made the fifty-hour workweek the standard for all Americans, regardless of the industry in which they worked or their social class. D. The amendment implemented a series of tariffs to capitalize on the economic boom the government experienced due to the American Civil War.

A. In accordance with progressives' demands, the amendment instated a graduated income tax to help slow the concentration of wealth held by the riches Americans.

In the 1948 presidential campaign: the States' Rights Democratic ticket, also known as the Dixiecrats, did all of the following except: A. Influenced President Truman to reverse his civil rights policies. B. Received the electoral votes from four Southern states. C. Supported states' rights and continued racial segregation. D. Supported Strom Thurmond for president.

A. Influenced President Truman to reverse his civil rights policies.

Which of the following occurred in Asia with the end of the Second World War? A. Korea became divided into northern and southern halves with the Soviets organizing a Communist government in the north and the Americans then helping to establish a democratic government in the south. B. Korea was left under the control of Japan as a gesture of consolation during the postwar negotiations in the wake of the dropping of the atomic bombs on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. C. President Harry S. Truman ignored foreign affairs in Asia because, even once both the United States and the Soviet Union both had atomic weapons, the Soviet Union continued to pose the greatest threat and consumed all of Truman's attention. D. Korea and Japan quickly emerged as regional powers as Asia had experienced little destruction due to the Second World War and remained the most stable region of the world compared to Europe and the United States.

A. Korea became divided into northern and southern halves with the Soviets organizing a Communist government in the north and the Americans then helping to establish a democratic government in the south.

The _________________________________________ of 1929 created a Federal Farm Board to help support voluntary farm cooperatives where farmers joined together to reduce their expenditures.

Agricultural Marketing Act

In 1935, Adolf Hitler, in flagrant violation of the Versailles Treaty, began rebuilding Germany's:

Armed forces.

The Zimmerman Telegram:

Asked Mexico to help Germany in case of war between the United States and Germany.

How did political developments in Germany and Japan compare leading up to the Second World War?

At the same time that Adolf Hitler professed his intention to use Germany's supposed racial supremacy to dominate Europe, Japanese leaders purported their intention for their "master race" to direct a resurgent Asia.

"Sit-down strikes" were used successfully in 1937 by:

Automobile workers

What industry provided the leading example of incorporating modern, mechanized mass-production techniques in the 1920s?

Automobiles

Which of the following was a result of the Great Migration? A. The economy in the North collapsed in the mid-1920 due to the loss of agricultural and sharecropping jobs. B. African Americans who participated in the migration still experienced racial discrimination, but fewer injustices than had occurred in the Jim Crow South. C. African Americans tended to find camaraderie with Irish and Italian immigrants who identified with them. D. The number of ethnic groups in the United States soared, making the overall white population the minority for the first time in American history.

B. African Americans who participated in the migration still experienced racial discrimination, but fewer injustices than had occurred in the Jim Crow South.

The Korean War did all of the following EXCEPT: A. Resulted in more than five million total casualties. B. Brought about major changes in boundaries for North and South Korea. C. Began during Harry S. Truman's presidency and ended during Dwight D. Eisenhower's administration. D. Continued the division of the Korean Peninsula at the 38th parallel.

B. Brought about major changes in boundaries for North and South Korea.

Which of the following factors helped stall the development of the New Deal in the late 1930s? A. The belief that Franklin Delano Roosevelt had failed to exercise enough power as president and instead had relied on the states to enact legislation. B. Conservative Southern Democrats joined with Republicans to block proposed New Deal programs. C. The surprise attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese propelled the United States into war. D. The lack of political influence from African Americans and union members in the North.

B. Conservative Southern Democrats joined with Republicans to block proposed New Deal programs.

Which of the following statements accurately describes Franklin Delano Roosevelt's attitude toward African Americans? A. Highly moved by the plight of African Americans, Roosevelt quietly pushed through legislation that finally put an end to segregation around the country. B. Even as African Americans were shifting their vote toward the Democratic Party, Roosevelt generally showed little concern for the difficulties that African Americans encountered. C. Roosevelt's approach as president marked a major departure in that one rule that all New Deal programs had in common was that they were forbidden from discriminating against African Americans. D. Roosevelt's approach as president marked a major departure from that of Woodrow Wilson because Roosevelt regularly addressed patterns of racism in the South during his speeches.

B. Even as African Americans were shifting their vote toward the Democratic Party, Roosevelt generally showed little concern for the difficulties that African Americans encountered.

The progressive coalition that elected Woodrow Wilson as president dissolved by 1920 for all of the following reasons except: A. The middle-class became more interested with restoring a "new era" of prosperity based on mass production and consumption. B. Many of the progressive reforms still seemed unattainable. C. Liberal intellectuals became disillusioned with grassroots democracy's popular support of the Ku Klux Klan. D. Farmers in the Great Plains and the West believed that wartime price controls on commodities had discriminated against them.

B. Many of the progressive reforms still seemed unattainable.

Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points included all the following except: A. The recognition of neutral nations' right to continue maritime commerce in time of war, also referred to as the "Freedom of the seas." B. The end to racial discrimination. C. The creation of an independent Poland. D. The creation of a permanent League of Nations to preserve global peace.

B. The end to racial discrimination.

All of the following statements are accurate about the Women's Christian Temperance Union except: A. The organization was the largest women's group in the nation by 1900. B. The organization was led by Ida M. Tarbell. C. The organization wanted to close saloons. D. The organization lobbied for an end to child labor and for an eight-hour day.

B. The organization was led by Ida M. Tarbell.

Which of the following statements describes the experience of most soldiers fighting in France during World War I? A. The soldiers had to be very mobile because the battlefront changed radically from week to week, transitioning back and forth between the Western and Eastern Fronts. B. The soldiers fought a war of attrition often in miserable conditions, suffering massive artillery attacks, and then facing enemy fire while trying to seize well-protected trenches. C. The soldiers fought much as their great-grandfathers had during the nineteenth century; in tightly packed formations and shooting volleys into the ranks of the enemy. D. The soldiers fought a guerrilla war because after Germany invaded and captured Paris, French resistance fighters formed partisan bands that harassed their occupiers.

B. The soldiers fought a war of attrition often in miserable conditions, suffering massive artillery attacks, and then facing enemy fire while trying to seize well-protected trenches.

Which of the following presidential candidates in the 1920 election promised voters a "return to normalcy"? A. James Cox B. Warren G. Harding C. Woodrow Wilson D. Franklin Delano Roosevelt

B. Warren G. Harding

The Battle of Midway (1942) was an important point within the Pacific Theater because it:

Blunted Japan's military momentum and eliminated the Japanese threat to the Hawaiian islands.

Which of the following segments of the American economy never recovered fully after World War I? A. Timbering B. Heavy industry C. Agriculture D. Mining

C. Agriculture

In retrospect, which of the following factors appears to have led to the Cold War? A. Harry S. Truman's refusal to adopt an antagonistic foreign policy and his ongoing efforts at collaboration with the Soviet Union. B. The ongoing threat of Nazism following the Second World War around the globe, but more importantly in the United States and Soviet Union. C. An ideological competition between democratic capitalism and totalitarian communism and their opposing views of what the postwar world should become. D. The upholding of promises made at the Yalta Conference following the Second World War by all parties involved and the independence of Eastern European nations.

C. An ideological competition between democratic capitalism and totalitarian communism and their opposing views of what the postwar world should become.

Which of the following occurred as a result of the Emergency Farm Labor Program, also known as the bracero program, in 1942? A. A larger number of Mexican Americans were deported because of an overabundance of farmworkers. B. Mexican Americans, along with other minority groups, were forbidden from joining the United States military. C. Due to labor shortages in American farm counties, Mexico agreed to send seasonal farmworkers to the United States on yearlong contracts. D. The populations of western cities fell dramatically as Mexican Americans moved to urban areas on the East Coast.

C. Due to labor shortages in American farm counties, Mexico agreed to send seasonal farmworkers to the United States on yearlong contracts.

All of the following statements about the German blitzkrieg during the spring of 1940 are accurate except: A. German troops cut off British troops near Dunkirk and prevented them from providing assistance to the Belgians and French. B. The blitzkrieg included German attacks on France, Belgium, Denmark, Luxembourg, Norway, and the Netherlands. C. Germany carefully avoided attacks on neutral nations and only targeted professional armies. D. The Germans used a combination of tanks, motorized artillery, and truck-borne infantry that were supported by warplanes and paratroopers.

C. Germany carefully avoided attacks on neutral nations and only targeted professional armies.

Which of the following was not a contributing factor to the Great Depression? A. Decreasing consumer purchasing power. B. Business-friendly tax policies implemented by Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon. C. Increased wages given to workers. D. Declining demand for consumer goods.

C. Increased wages given to workers.

Which of the following statements is accurate about the British ship "Lusitania"? A. Its sinking led President Woodrow Wilson to support a war against Germany. B. It was sunk by a German submarine right outside of New York Harbor. C. It secretly carried weapons and ammunition in its cargo and transporting Canadian soldiers. D. It was the only passenger ship that the Germans attacked during the war.

C. It secretly carried weapons and ammunition in its cargo and transporting Canadian soldiers.

Which of the following statements regarding the 1902 Coal Strike is not accurate? A. Members of the United Mine Workers (UMW) and coal mine owners sat down with President Theodore Roosevelt, but the mine owners refused to negotiate. B. President Theodore Roosevelt threatened to take over the coal mines and send the army to the mines to operate them. C. Members of the United Mine Workers (UMW) received all of the labor demands that they had requested from the coal mine owners prior to going on strike. D. Members of the United Mine Workers (UMW) walked off the job in Pennsylvania and West Virginia.

C. Members of the United Mine Workers (UMW) received all of the labor demands that they had requested from the coal mine owners prior to going on strike.

In 1910, Theodore Roosevelt gave several speeches in which he promoted progressive principles. Roosevelt's ideas were given the catchy phrase of "New Nationalism." Which of the following principles was not considered to be part of Roosevelt's "New Nationalism?" A. The implementation of a progressive income tax. B. More stringent federal regulations placed upon large corporations. C. Opening of western lands to allow mining and timbering companies to extract natural resources from the land. D. Laws limiting the use of child labor.

C. Opening of western lands to allow mining and timbering companies to extract natural resources from the land.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the experiences of most American women in the 1920s? A. Most women were flappers, and thanks to the jobs made available during the war, began to model their lives after that of Zelda Fitzgerald. B. Although a relatively small number of women were college educated, most of those who were college educated pursued careers outside the home. C. The overall conservative political mood helped steer women who had worked for the war effort back into their traditional roles as homemakers. D. The lack of technology available at the time and the rise in the number of women who were salaried professionals made housework more difficult than ever before.

C. The overall conservative political mood helped steer women who had worked for the war effort back into their traditional roles as homemakers.

Under the wartime Espionage and Sedition Acts of 1917-1918:

Criticism of American government leaders or war policies became a crime.

The Taft-Hartley Act (1947), which was officially called the Labor-Management Relations Act, dealt with:

Curbing the power of labor unions.

The failed McNary-Haugen Bill sought to solve the problems of agriculture by:

Dumping agricultural surpluses on the world market.

Referred to as the European Recovery Plan, who was the secretary of state that devised the plan of massive economic recovery aid to Europe?

George Marshall

The muckrakers saw their primary objective as:

Exposing social problems to the public.

Who wrote the novel, "The Great Gatsby," in 1924? Make sure to answer the question using a full, complete sentence.

F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote The Great Gatsby in 1924.

What was the "last straw" that provoked the United States to declare war on Germany?

Germany's sinking of five American ships in the North Atlantic Ocean in 1917.

What was the name of the agreement signed between the Soviet Union and Germany in 1939 in which the two countries agreed to divide northern and eastern Europe between themselves without the fear of each country invading the other? Make sure to answer the question using a full, complete sentence.

In 1939, the Soviet Union and Germany signed the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, in which they agreed to divide northern and eastern Europe between themselves without the fear of each country invading the other.

_____________________________ and ____________________________________ established the Hull House in Chicago, Illinois, in 1889. Also known as settlement houses, these community centers offered the working poor and newly arrived immigrants social services, such as health clinics and nurseries, that they otherwise would not receive.

Jane Addams; Ellen Gates Starr

In June 1941, Germany widened the war by _____________________________________ as part of Operation Barbarossa.

Invading the Soviet Union.

The biggest scandal of the Warren G. Harding administration:

Involved the leasing of government-owned oil deposits to private companies.

What was the role of the Truman Doctrine?

It committed the United States to help "free peoples" facing pressure from communism.

In what way was Operation Overlord an important moment in World War II?

It opened a western front in the war around the same time that the Soviets advanced on Germany from the east.

What is one way the Chinese civil war proved significant for the Cold War?

It resulted in the victory of Chinese Communists over Chinese Nationalists, and the Communists later would go on to intervene in the Korean War to aid their North Korean allies.

What was the greatest failure of the New Deal?

Its failure to restore prosperity fully and end record levels of unemployment.

The Harlem Renaissance, an artistic and literary blossoming, featured the works of:

James Weldon Johnson, Langston Hughes, and Zora Neale Hurston.

As a result of the dust storms on the Great Plains and Midwest during the 1930s:

Many farmers could not pay their mortgages and therefore lost their farms.

Having previously worked in tenement houses, ________________________________ organized the American Birth Control League in 1921 to help distribute birth control to working-class women.

Margaret Sanger

Woodrow Wilson's "New Freedom" platform:

Proposed vigorous anti-trust action to break up large corporate monopolies.

The Hawley-Smoot Tariff of 1930:

Raised tariff rates to all-time highs.

To help stimulate a slumping economy, Secretary of the Treasury Andrew Mellon:

Reduced government spending and lowered taxes for the wealthy.

The Elkins Act (1903) and Hepburn Act (1906) are examples of the federal government seeking to:

Regulate business activity.

Between the summers of 1940 and 1941, the United States attempted to restrain Japanese expansion by:

Restricting oil exports to Japan and freezing Japanese financial assets in the United States.

The Hiss-Chambers case:

Resulted in Alger Hiss being convicted of lying about espionage.

As a result of the Bolshevik Revolution (1917) in Russia:

Russia concluded a separate peace treaty with Germany known as the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.

The Seventeenth Amendment (1912):

Stated that U.S. senators should be popularly elected rather than chosen by their state.

As secretary of commerce, Herbert Hoover:

Supported the formation of the trade-association movement.

The United States' "Good Neighbor" policy:

Supported the idea of nonintervention in Latin America.

In 1876, Pastor Washington Gladden wrote his book, "Working People and Their Employers." Known as a social reformer, Gladden was among the American religious leaders who responded to Herbert Spencer's Social Darwinism. Rather than subscribing to Social Darwinism, preachers like Gladden preached the "Social Gospel." What was the message that pastors, such as Gladden, were trying to convey with the "Social Gospel?" Make sure to answer the question using full, complete sentences.

The Social Gospel argued that true Christianity did not lie in the practicing of rituals, dogmas, or the mystical experience of God, but that every person should "love thy neighbor as thyself." Therefore, one should help their neighbor, especially those who had fallen on difficult times. Workers and employers should help one another rather than being divided by class differences.

From June 23, 1948, to May 12,1949:

The Soviets blockaded the Allies zone of West Berlin.

Following the conclusion of World War II, the two most powerful nations in the world were:

The United States and the Soviet Union.

What was the purpose of the Wagner Act/National Labor Relations Act (1935)?

The act guaranteed workers the right to organize unions and bargain directly with management.

What was the first federal work relief program that provided federal jobs to those unable to find work during the winter of 1933? The program only remained in existence for four months as President Franklin D. Roosevelt balked at the exorbitant cost of the federal program. Make sure to answer the question using a full, complete sentence.

The first federal work relief program that provided federal jobs to those unable to find work during the winter of 1933 was the Civil Works Administration.

In "United States v. Butler" (1936), the Supreme Court overturned actions taken by the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) because:

The tax on food processors, such as cotton gins and flour mills, was deemed unconstitutional.

What was the main purpose of the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)?

To provide work relief for young men through the preservation of natural resources.

What was the role of the Office of Price Administration?

To ration and set price ceilings on high-demand items such as tires, sugar, and gasoline.

Eleanor Roosevelt:

Was especially supportive of the rights of women, African Americans, and America's youth.

The Revenue Act of 1916:

Was used primarily to raise money to pay for war preparations.