American Horizons Chapter 5

During the War of Jenkins' Ear (1739-1744) which of the following occurred?

The colony of Georgia protected South Carolina from invading forces from Florida.

Christian religions involved in the revivalist efforts of the mid-18th century had several things in common, including

the decline of women's influence.

Peace in Ohio Valley in the 1740's was largely a result of

A delicate balance of power

John Wesley incorporated many rituals from the _________ into his establishment of Methodism.

Moravians

The increase in violence between Indian tribes of the great plains are led to the rise of the_____________ as one of the three most powerful tribes of the plains

Sioux

Based on the type of books colonists checked out of lending libraries, it is fair to say

colonial history held no interest for colonists.

One difference between the "New Lights" and "Old Lights" involved

concern that New Lights were preaching without permission.

As part of a religious awakening in the mid-1700s, Indian "nativists"

considered themselves superior to all men.

During the 18th century enslaved men

could sometimes earn extra money.

Philadelphia and Delaware became the destination for many Irish immigrants because

demand for indentured servants was high.

George Whitefield was an Anglican pastor whose revivals were successful because he

directed his preaching to all social classes.

By the 1730s the most educated colonists began to

embrace science.

Which of the following was a consequence of the newly emerging consumer revolution during the 18th century?

extension of credit by merchants

Compared to a slave in South Carolina, a slave living in New York was more likely to

find it difficult to establish a family.

The concern about prison terms for British debtors led to the

founding of Georgia.

Prior to1740, most enslaved Africans in the northern colonies

had lived in the Caribbean.

The Stono Rebellion in South Carolina occurred because

newly arrived Africans were protesting their enslavement.

Benjamin Franklin suggested there was a link between consumer choice and

personal liberty.

One of the strategies used by the Comanche to retain their power base was

playing the French and Spanish against each other.

What was promoted by Christian evangelicalism?

preaching sermons that were direct and understandable

Concerns about German immigrants centered around

racist views of the British colonist.

For a time during the 1740s, demand for enslaved labor in South Carolina decreased because

rice prices collapsed.

Colonist who embraced Enlightenment philosophy

sought to improve society

The __________ system of labor gave slaves an opportunity to earn extra money.

task

___________ became a highly sought after commodity from British merchants because colonists considered it a sign of refinement.

tea

The Albany Congress, which occurred in June of 1754,

temporarily kept the Iroquois from siding with the French.

By the end of the seven years' war,

tensions increase between the British and the colonist

European immigrants often arrive in North America port cities

that had some commercial ties to their home port.

The War of Jenkins' Ear (1739-1744) was fought in retaliation for

the Spanish crackdown on smuggling in the Caribbean.

The Seven Years' War, which occurred between 1754-1763, was also known as the

French and Indian War.

In 1755 New England colonists and British soldiers invaded _________, displacing thousands of residents.

Acadia

How did conflicts between the British and French empires between 1744 and 1748 affect the colonists?

Because certain trade routes were cut off, the colonists were forced to diversify their crops

In the French and Indian war , the British had a military advantage over the French

Because they had a potentially large fighting force

Most of the early colonial colleges were

Established by clergy but offered both a secular and practical education

How did Benjamin Franklin change the way Europeans viewed Americans?

European scientists began to see Americans as more than just observers of nature.

During the slave resistances of the 1730s, slaves were drawn to _______________ because of the promise of forming their own towns.

Florida

By the 1760s, the destination of slaves coming to North America included

Georgia, where slavery had recently been legalized

Between 1730 and 1775 there were so many immigrants from _________ that at one point their monarchy tried to make emigration illegal.

Germany

What was one of the reasons James Oglethorpe founded Georgia?

He believed slavery corrupted whites so he declared it illegal in 1736.

Benjamin Franklin became the 18th century's most famous American largely due to

His scientific inquiry and discoveries

Why were marginalized members of the colonies attracted to evangelical Protestantism?

It was more inclusive than other denominations.

The spiritual awakening that occurred during the 18th century had its roots in

Pietism.

What was one feature of the flurry of slave revolts and conspiracies between 1733 and 1741?

Sometimes whites were involved, found guilty and punished.

Life for the Indians in the _______________ was particularly difficult because they resided alongside three rival European empires.

Southeast

How did the European division of North America change with the Treaty of Paris?

The British gained control of almost all the area east of the Mississippi.

After a shaky beginning, the British were finally victorious in the French and Indian War

because the alliance between the French and Indians broke down.

Why did resistance by the enslaved occur mostly in the southeast?

The tightening of slave laws led to more restrictions.

Through which colonies did most enslaved Africans enter North America

Virginia and South Carolina

What was the agreement the colonists used to trick the Delaware Indians into relinquishing more land than they intended?

Walking Purchase

In 1738, Florida's governor based his decision to allow fugitive Carolina slaves to form their own town on

a 16th century precedent set in the Caribbean.

In the mid 1700s, Indian wars in the southeast led to

a depopulation of the region.

As a result of slave laws and practices in South Carolina in the mid 1700s, slaves were?

allowed to sell their masters' goods at a public market.

The wide use of horses by Plains Indians resulted in

an increase in game hunting.

By the 1750s, colonial newspapers

increased revenue through advertising.

Although most colonist embraced the consumer revolution, some colonial critics claimed

it blurred the social structure.

Public interest in revivalism increased because

it generated enormous controversy.

One of the teachings that set Methodism apart from other religions was

its denouncement of slavery.

Between 1730 and 1775, most Irish immigrants to North America were

male indentured servants

The depletion of beaver pelts used to trade with the French led the Sioux to

move west

The increase in the population of convicts who were sent to North America was partially a result of

the increase in the severity of English laws.

What naturalization requirement were Jews allowed to ignore?

the religious requirement of receiving communion

One of the reasons German immigrants were successfully assimilated into the colonial lifestyle was because

they had family in the colonies who helped them assimilate.

Moravians in Georgia established a school to evangelize Indians but were eventually asked to leave because

they refused to violate their pacifist beliefs.

Indians were attracted to the Moravian religion mostly because

they shared similar beliefs such as that of dream interpretation.

British and Irish convicts provided a welcomed source for the North American workforce because

they were cheaper than enslaved Africans.

The Stono Revolt resulted in

tougher slave laws.

Rhode Island's increased participation in the Atlantic slave trade drew heavily on the fact that it

was able to gain control of the rum market.

As a young lieutenant-colonel, George Washington

was defeated by the French at Fort Necessity.

In the early 1740s newspapers in the colonies

were considered legitimate forums for political discussion

Edward Braddock and his British army

were hampered by their military tactics against the French, the French Canadians and the Indians.