Anatomical Terminology Quiz

transverse

- a cut along the horizontal plane that divides the body or organ into superior and inferior parts - also called a cross section

frontal (coronal)

- a cut along the lengthwise plane that divides the body or organ into anterior and posterior regions

saggital

- a cut along the lengthwise/longitudinal plane of the body dividing the body or organ into right and left sections/pieces

median/midsaggital

- a cut along the longitudinal/lengthwise plane of the body and divides body or organs into equal right and left halves

spinal cavity

- a subdivision of the dorsal cavity - extends from the cranial to the end of the vertebral column - surrounded by vertebrae - houses the spinal cord

thoracic cavity

- a subdivision of the ventral cavity - separated from the rest by diaphragm - contains mediastinum - surrounded by ribs, sternum, vertebrae and diaphragm - houses lungs and heart, etc.

superior

- above - ex: shoulders are superior to elbows

tarsal

- ankel region - anterior body landmark

adbominal

- anterior body trunk inferior to ribs

patellar

- anterior knee

antecubital

- anterior surface of elbow

sacral

- area between hips (tailbone region) - posterior body landmark

lumbar

- area of back between ribs and hips - posterior body landmark

vertebral

- area of spine - posterior body landmark

pelvic

- area overlying the pelvis anteriorly

inguinal (groin)

- area where thigh meets body trunk; groin - anterior body landmark

brachial

- arm - anterior body landmark

axillary

- armpit - anterior body landmark

lateral

- away from the center of the body - know pic: stick figure with midline and arrows going away from line - ex: the arms are lateral to the chest

inferior

- below - ex: feet are inferior to the knees

anatomical position

- body erect - arms at sides with palms facing forward - thumbs facing upward - feet shoulder width apart and facing front

sternal

- breastbone area - anterior body landmark

gluteal

- buttock - posterior body landmark

buccal

- cheek area - anterior body landmark

thoracic

- chest - anterior body landmark

superficial/external

- closer to surface of the body - ex: muscles are superficial to organs

pelvic cavity

- contains the reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum - is the inferior section of the abdominopelvic cavity

abdominal cavity

- contains the stomach, liver, intestines, and other organs - is the superior section of the abdominopelvic cavity

deltoid

- curve of shoulder formed by large deltoid muscle - anterior body landmark

orbital

- eye area - anterior body landmark

deep/internal

- farther from surface of the body - ex: the lungs are deep to the rib cage

digital

- finger, toes - anterior body landmarks

antebrachial (forearm)

- forearm - anterior body landmark

frontal

- forehead - anterior body landmark

pubic (genital)

- genital region - anterior body landmark

dorsal body cavity

- has two subdivisions: cranial and spinal cavities which are continuous with one another - is an internal body cavity

cephalic

- head

calcaneal

- heel of foot - posterior body landmark

coxal

- hip - anterior body landmark

ventral body cavity

- larger internal body cavity than dorsal - includes the abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities

fibular

- lateral part of leg - anterior body landmark

crural

- leg-- specifically the shin - anterior body landmark

oral

- mouth - anterior body landmark

umbilical

- navel - anterior body landmark

cervical

- neck region

nasal

- nose area - anterior body lankmark

cranial cavity

- one subdivision of the dorsal cavity - the space inside of the bony skull - houses the brain

open body cavities

- oral cavity (mouth): contains teeth and tongue; continuous with the cavity of digestive organs - nasal cavity: located within and posterior to the nose; part of the respiratory passageways - orbital cavities: house the eyes and present them in an anterior position - middle ear cavities: lie medial to the eardrums; contain tiny bones that transmit sound vibrations to the hearing receptors int he inner ears

acromial

- point of shoulder - anterior body landmark

popliteal

- posterior knee area

olecranal

- posterior surface of elbow

occipital

- posterior surface of head

nine abdominopelvic regions

- r/l hypochondriac regions - epigastric region - r/l lumbar regions - umbilical region - r/l iliac regions - hypogastric region

distal

- refers to limbs - farther from body trunk - ex: the knee is distal to the thigh

proximal

- refers to the limbs - closer to body trunk - ex: the elbow is proximal to the wrist

scapular

- shoulder blade region - posterior body landmark

mediastinum

- the central region that separates the lungs into the right and left cavities in the thoracic cavity - it houses the heart, trachea and other organs

diaphragm

- the dome-shaped muscle that separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic one

abdominopelvic cavity

- the other subdivision of the ventral cavity - can be split into abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity - houses digestive system organs, reproductive organs, and urinary system organs

sural

- the posterior surface of lower leg; the calf

plantar

- the sole of the foot - is an inferior body surface

femoral

- thigh - anterior body landmark

dorsal/posterior

- towards the back - ex: spine is dorsal to the stomach

medial

- towards the center of the body - know pic: stick figure with midline and arrows going towards line - ex: the heart is medial to the lungs

ventral/anterior

- towards the front - ex: toes are anterior to the heels

carpal

- wrist - anterior body landmark