Anatomy and Physiology chapter 12

From what part of the body does the right lymphatic duct collect lymph? a) Right leg b) Right and left legs c) Left leg d) Left side of the head e) Right arm

e) Right arm

What does fever accomplish? a) Fever enables macrophages to attack microorganisms. b) Fever prevents the formation of complement fixation. c) Fever prevents the spread of pathogens to adjacent tissues. d) Fever promotes cell lysis by direct cell attack. f) Fever inhibits bacterial reproduction and speeds up the repair process.

f) Fever inhibits bacterial reproduction and speeds up the repair process.

What makes lymph capillaries different from blood capillaries? a) Lymph capillaries are characterized by the presence of flap-like mini valves. b) Lymph capillaries consistently operate under high pressure. c) Lymph capillaries transport both blood and lymph. d) Lymph capillaries propel lymph by using a high-pressure pump.

a) Lymph capillaries are characterized by the presence of flap-like mini valves.

The innate (nonspecific) defense system and adaptive (specific) defense system make up the immune system. a) True b) False

a) True

Which of the following provides active immunity that is artificially acquired? a) Vaccines b) Antivenom c) Serum d) Antitoxin

a) Vaccines

Humoral immunity is provided by ________. a) antibodies b skin and mucous membranes c) complement fixation d) interferon e) pyrogens

a) antibodies

Which of the following is not a lymphoid organ? a) Peyer's patches b) Thyroid gland c) Spleen d) Thymus gland e) Appendix

b) Thyroid gland

Lymph is largely composed of water that has escaped from ________. a) tears b) blood c) cytosol d) saliva e) cerebrospinal fluid

b) blood

What is the body's first line of defense against the invasion of disease-causing microorganisms? a) FeverNatural killer (NK) b) cellsSkin and mucous membranes c) Inflammatory response d) Phagocytes

b) cellsSkin and mucous membranes

The binding of complement proteins to certain sugars or proteins on a foreign cell's surface is called ________. a) diapedesis b) complement fixation c) cellular immunity (cellular-mediated immunity) d) positive chemotaxis

b) complement fixation

What type of cell specializes in killing virus-infected, cancer, or foreign graft cells directly? a) regulatory T cells b) cytotoxic T cells c) helper T cells d) antigen-presenting cells

b) cytotoxic T cells

Excess accumulation of fluid, which impairs the exchange of materials within the tissues, is called ________. a) stroke b) edema c) shock d) MALT (mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue)

b) edema

What mediates the adaptive defense system (specific defense system)? a) pathogens b) lymphocytes c) mucous membranes d) antigens

b) lymphocytes

The role of the ________ is to trap and remove bacteria or other foreign pathogens entering the throat. a) thymus b) tonsils c) spleen d) lymph node

b) tonsils

Which one of the following is not a mechanism that aids lymph return to the heart? a) Milking action of skeletal muscles b) Smooth muscle contractions within the lymphatic vessels c) The pumping action of the heart d) Presence of valves within the larger lymph vessels e) Pressure changes within the thorax

c) The pumping action of the heart

What small proteins are secreted by virus-infected cells to help defend cells that have not yet been infected? a) antigens b) pyrogens c) interferons d) haptens

c) interferons

Bacteria and tumor cells are removed from lymph by ________. a) thymus b) the spleen c) lymph nodes d) tonsils

c) lymph nodes

How do natural killer (NK) cells protect the body? a) Make antibodies b) Engulf pathogens c) Fix complement d) Promote cell lysis e) Encourage a fever

d) Promote cell lysis

T cells or B cells that are capable of responding to a specific antigen by binding to it with antigen-specific receptors that appear on the lymphocyte's surface are considered ________. a) complement b) self-tolerant c) clones d) immunocompetent

d) immunocompetent