Anatomy and Physiology, chapter 9 (joints), hcc

Examples of special movements at synovial joints?

Crossing your arms when angry, rocking back on heels, and chewing a bite of hamburger

When you release a deep breath, your ribcage

Depresses

The mandible can perform which movements?

Depression, rotation, and retraction

A synovial joint is a

Diarthrosis in which the bones are attached by ligaments

Types of special movements at joints are

Dorsiflexion, protraction, and depression

A partial hip replacement involves replacement of the

Femur

Component of reconstructed knee joint of total knee replacement that is made of metal is

Femural

Which types of connective tissue can be part of a cartilaginous joint?

Fibrocartilage and hyaline cartilage

The meniscus of the TMJ is a

Fibrocartilage disc

Articulation in which the bones are tightly connected, with no space between them, by tissue that has thick bundles of collagen fibers is

Fibrous articulation

Articulation in the hip joint forms between the acetabulum of the pelvis and which part of the femur?

Head

Which bones might you find a synchondrosis?

Humerus and femur

The articulating surfaces of the bones in a symphysis are covered in

Hyaline cartilage

If the iliofemoral ligament is torn, which of the following movements of the femur may occur at the hip joint?

Hyperextension

In giving a piggyback ride, what movement would be performed at the shoulder joint?

Hyperextension

When you stand with your toes turned laterally, which ligaments help prevent lateral excessive lateral rotation?

Iliofemoral and pubofemoral

Hyperextension of the hip/coxal joint is prevented by the

Iliofemoral ligament

Where would you find the zona orbicularis?

In the articular cartilage of the hip.

Movement of the foot when you step on a small rock with the instep of your foot and your ankle rolls to the outside is

Inversion

Which ligaments help prevent over-rotation in the hip joint?

Ischiofemoral, iliofemoral, and pubofemoral

What do you know about an epiphyseal plate of a 4 year old girl?

It forms a synarthrotic joint, it is a cartilaginous joint, it is composed of hyaline cartilage, and it will eventually become a synostosis

The acetabulum labrum performs which function in the coxal joint?

It increases the depth of the articulation so dislocations are less likely

How is tension of the ischiofemoral ligament affected by abduction of the femur?

It increases.

Which ligaments are found in the TMJ?

Lateral and stylomandibular

When the femur is adducted the ischiofemoral ligament is

Looser than when the femur is abducted

This rotation of the knees brings the anterior surfaces of the legs closer together.

Medial rotation

In total hip replacement, the artificial head of the femur is made of

Metal, while the acetabular portion is made of plastic

Do all diarthroses move in the same way?

No, the type of movement varies by the joint

A partial knee replacement involves

One side of the knee joint, and includes the femur and tibia

In a pinching motion, what type of movement is demonstrated?

Opposition

Supination and pronation are examples of special movements in which the

Palm moves anteriorly and posteriorly, respectively.

When you get hit very hard on the chin, which type of dislocation is likely to occur?

Posterior displacement of the mandible

Criteria for categorizing joints structurally include

Presence of a synovial cavity and type of connective tissue

Extending your hand for a handshake is an example of

Protraction

Which movements would be affected by a tighter than normal lateral ligament?

Protraction and depression

When pouting, what movement occurs?

Protraction of the mandible

Which bones would you find a symphysis?

Pubis bones and between C4 and C5

Stretching between the pubic part of the pelvic rim to the neck of the femur, which ligament helps straighten the articular capsule of the hip joint?

Pubofemoral

Which ligaments found in the hip joint prevents overabduction of the femur?

Pubofemoral

A tear in which anular ligament may cause dislocation of the elbow joint at the proximal radioulnar joint?

Radial

The anular ligament helps hold which bones together?

Radius and ulna

When you sit cross-legged on the floor, your legs

Rotate laterally

Which action would shaking head "no" describe?

Rotation at the atlanto-axial joint

A amphiarthrosis joint is

Slightly movable and may be a fibrous joint or a cartilaginous joint

Elevation, pronation, and inversion are all types of

Special movements

Which factors help prevent dislocations at the coxal joint?

Strength of the articular capsule, strong ligaments connecting bones, muscles covering the joint, and depth of articulation

When positioning oneself in anatomical position, the hand undgoes

Supination

The bodies of vertebrae are connect by which types of joints?

Symphyses, amphiarthroses, and fibrocartilage

The joint between the manubrium and the body of the sternum is a

Symphysis

A joint that is functionally classified on the basis of the type of movement that it permits would be a

Synarthrosis

Which type of joint permits the least amount of movement?

Synarthrosis

What description can be provided for the joint between he epiphysis and diaphysis of a femur?

Synarthrosis, cartilaginous, and synchondrosis

In a growing child, which type of joint is found between the epiphysis and diaphysis of a long bone?

Synchondrosis

An articular capsule will be found on which types of joints?

Synovial and diarthrosis

Joint containing dense irregular connective tissue includes

Synovial and fibrous joints

Articulation in which there is a space between the bones, and the bones are connected to one another by ligaments is a

Synovial articulation

Diarthrosis fits into which structural classification?

Synovial joint

An anterior displacement dislocation of the tempromandibular joint can be caused by

Taking a very large bite of a apple

When the knee is extended, the

Tension in the hamstring muscles limits flexion of the hip joint

What becomes a synostosis in adulthood?

The joint between diaphysis and epiphysis of a long bone

In an 8 year old boy, what is true about the joints between the epiphysis and diaphysis of his left femur?

They are synchondroses and synarthrotic

In a 53 year old man, which type of joint description can be given to describe the joint between the epiphyses and diaphysis of his right humerus?

They are synostoses and synarthrotic

Part of which ligament functions to deepen the socket for the trochlea of the humerus?

Ulnar collateral ligament

When doing jumping jacks, which movements describes the series of movements performed?

Abduction and adduction of the arms and legs

Which movements occur when you lift your arm laterally away from your body at the shoulder joint?

Abduction and angular movement

What will be used to attach a titanium-alloy femoral component to the healthy part of the bone during a total hip replacement?

Acrylic cement

After leg amputation, what movement at the coxal joint might be increased based on that missing limb?

Adduction

Structural classification of a joint is based on

Anatomic features of the articulating bones and type of connective tissue

Flexion and extension are examples of what kind of movements that occur at joints like the knee and elbow?

Angular

Flexion, abduction, and circumduction are all examples of

Angular movements at synovial joints

Major categories of movement at synovial joints include

Angular, rotation, special, and gliding

The radial notch of the ulna holds the head of the radius. Which part of the elbow joint helps stabilize this articulation?

Anular ligament of the radius

Arthroplasty of the glenohumeral join might involve replacement of the

Articular surface of the scapula with polyethylene

Arthroplasty of the glenohumeral joint might involve replacement of the

Articular surface of the scapula with polyethylene

When the fingers are abducted, they move

Away from the middle finger

The fibrocartilage in a symphysis forms a

Broad disc to connect the articulating bones

An articulation in which two bones are directly connected by tissues containing chondrocytes could be

Cartilaginous

An articulation in which the bones are connected by fibrocartilage and there is no space between the bones is a

Cartilaginous articulation

A symphysis between the manubrium and body of the sternum is a

Cartilaginous joint and an amphiarthrosis

Which process on the temporal bone is connected to the neck of the mandible by the lateral ligament?

Zygomatic process