anatomy ch 16
which are true of rods?
- There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye - They function well in dim light
which are true of the olfactory hairs?
- They are unmyelinated - They are immobile
what are the functions of the auditory ossicles?
- transmit sounds waves to inner ear - amplify sound
which are the correct names for the tube that connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx?
-eustachian tube -pharyngotympanic tube -auditory tube
the sclera is
-provides for eye shape -is made of dense connective tissue
the cochlea has three fluid-filled ducts. which are the names of these ducts?
-scala tympani -cochlear duct -scala vestibull
Each eye has ___ lacrimal puncta
2
Equilibrium
A state of balance
which are basic taste sensations?
Umami Sweet Sour
hearing and equilibrium are transmitted along which cranial nerve?
VIII
the tympanic cavity is filled with ___
air
the semicircular ducts are involved in detecting ____ acceleration
angular
Which cavity of the eyeball is divided into an anterior and posterior chamber?
anterior cavity
what type of fluid is found in the anterior cavity of the eyeball?
aqueous humor
sound waves are funneled into the ear by the ____
auricle
which type of receptor detects pressure changes?
baroreceptor
When the ___ membrane moves, the ___ on the spiral organ hair cells distort because they are anchored by the tectorial membrane.
basilar, stereocilia
olfactory receptor cells are _____ neurons
bipolar
somatic receptors are found within
body wall
Chemoreceptors
chemicals
gustatory cells are _____
chemoreceptors
receptors that detect chemicals are called____
chemoreceptors
what type of receptor detects molecules dissolved in fluid?
chemoreceptors
the iris is continuous with the ____
ciliary body
the auditory sensory axons of the ___ branch of cranial nerve number ____ terminate in the cochlear nucleus within the brain stem
cochlear; 8
what type of photoreceptors detects color?
cones
the sphincter pupillae ___ the pupil
constricts
the receptors for the special senses are found within the ____
cranium
what is the name of the elevated region of the ampulla of the semicircular canal?
crista ampullaris
what is the name of the gelatinous dome with embedded stereocilia of the semicircular canal?
cupula
light rays are refracted or bent when they pass through two media of different
densities
what type of flui is found in region A of the inner ear?
endolymph
hyperopia
farsightedness
the external layer of the eyeball is the ___tunic
fibrous
the outmost layer of the eye is called the ____ tunic
fibrous
the lens is ____ when we are viewing faraway objects
flattened
what disease causes fluid build up in the eye, dislocating the lens?
glaucoma
which may result in symptoms such as reduced field of vision, dim vision, and/or halos around lights?
glaucoma
the vestibulocochlear nerve transmit ___ information
hearing and equilibrium
the retina is the ____ layer of the eye wall
internal
what structure is the dividing line between the anterior and posterior chambers?
iris
what type of receptors detects deep pressure and vibration?
lamellar corpuscles
Pacinian corpuscles are also called ____
lamellated corpuscles
the nasolacrimal duct is found on the ____ side of the nose
lateral
the utricle and saccule are involved in functions involving the position of the head?
linear acceleration and static equilibrium
accommodation is the process of making the lens _____
more spherical
the vibration of the tympanic membrane causes ____
movement of the ossicles
myopia
nearsightedness
the optic disc contains ____ photoreceptors
no
emmetropia
normal vision
A lack of photoreceptors in this structure creates the "blind spot"?
optic disc
accommodation is controlled by the ___ division of the nervous system
parasympathetic
the sphincter pupillae is controlled by the ____ division of the nervous system
parasympathetic
olfactory receptors ____
perceive odors
if stimulated over a period of time, ____ receptors lose eventually sensitivity
phasic
what type of receptor can undergo adaptation?
phasic
aqueous humor is secreted into the ____ chamber before traveling to the ____ chamber of the eye
posterior-anterior
Baroceptors
pressure
what type of receptor monitors changes in body position?
proprioception
the types of the receptor that include only the somatic sensory receptors within joints, muscles, and tendons are called _____.
proprioceptors
As tears drain, through the lacrimal caruncle, they enter small holes called the lacrimal _________
puncta
the iris controls the size of the ____
pupil
The area that a receptor cell gathers information from is called the ______.
receptive field
the apparent distortion of the spoon in the water glass is due to the phenomenon called
refraction
Photoreceptors
respond to light
the lens is ____ when we are viewing close-up objects
rounded
the vestibule contains two structures, the utricle, and ____
saccule
what structure is the "white" of the eye?
sclera
what structure makes up the posterior 5/6 of the fibrous tunic?
sclera
which part of the eye is an attachment site for extrinsic eye muscles?
sclera
When a figure skater does a lengthy spin on ice, it is the sensory receptors in her _________ _________ of the inner ear that are informing her brain about the position of her moving head
semicircular
which structures are part of the vestibular complex?
semicircular ducts, utricle, saccule
audition
sense of hearing
olfaction
sense of smell
Gustation
sense of taste
Localization and sensitivity are easily determined in a ______ receptive field.
small
We use the sense of ____ to sample our environment for information about the food we will eat, the presence of other individuals in the room, or potential danger.
smell
olfaction is the sense of _____
smell
taste buds are found on the tongue and _____
soft palate
which auditory ossicle contacts the oval window?
stapes
tactile cells associated with tactile discs are located in the ____
stratum basale
A flattened dendritic disc is a type of unencapsulated receptor called a ______.
tactile disc
tactile cells are associated with _____
tactile discs
Thermoreceptors
temperature
Nociceptors
tissue damage
Gustation is the sense of ________
to taste
True or Flase: it is utricle and saccule that inform your brain that your head is upright
true
which taste sensation translates as "delicious flavor" and is perceived as a meaty flavor?
umami
the vascular tunic of the eye is also called the ____
uvea
stretch receptors in the stomach would be classified as what type?
visceral sensory
In the eye, the ________ humor is gelatinous
vitreous
the posterior cavity contains the ____ humor
vitreous